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基于STM32HAL库(独立看门狗)-简述_hal库看门狗32kz

作者：空白诗007 | 2024-07-09 13:42:58

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hal库看门狗32kz

目录

概述

一、开发环境

二、STM32CubeMx配置

三、编码 

四、运行结果

五、总结

概述

        一个成熟靠谱的项目，离不开“看门狗”的必选项，凡是人写的程序多少都会有出现bug的情况（或芯片外设受外界干扰导致故障程序卡死、跑飞的情况）。为了避免产品变成砖头，引入看门狗是很有必要，可以有效解决程序的跑飞（确保程序在大部分情况能正常运行）。

 来自百度百科解释（看门狗）
        看门狗定时器（WDT，Watch Dog Timer）是单片机的一个组成部分，它实际上是一个计数器，一般给看门狗一个数字，程序开始运行后看门狗开始计数。如果程序运行正常，过一段时间CPU应发出指令让看门狗置零，重新开始计数。如果看门狗增加到设定值就认为程序没有正常工作，强制整个系统复位。

STM32的内置看门狗-(详细请移步参阅-STM32F4xx中文参考手册.pdf文档)

        STM32内置两个看门狗，提供了更高的安全性、时间的精确性和使用的灵活性。两个看门狗设备（独立看门狗、窗口看门狗）可以用来检测和解决由软件错误引起的故障。当计数器达到给定的超时值时，触发一个中断（仅适用窗口看门狗）或者产生系统复位。

1）、独立看门狗（IWDG)由专用的低速时钟（LSI）驱动（32kHz），即使主时钟发生故障它仍有效。独立看门狗适合应用于需要看门狗作为一个在主程序之外 能够完全独立工作，并且对时间精度要求低的场合。
2）、窗口看门狗由从APB1时钟（84MHz）分频后得到时钟驱动（42MHz）。通过可配置的时间窗口来检测应用程序非正常的过迟或过早操作。  窗口看门狗最适合那些要求看门狗在精确计时窗口起作用的程序。

​

一、开发环境

1、硬件平台
     STM32F401CEU6
     内部Flash : 512Kbytes，SARM : 96 Kbytes

​

二、STM32CubeMx配置

 2.1、系统时钟配置

​

2.2、下载调试配置

​

2.3、TIM配置（1ms中断）

​

​

2.4、usart1配置

​

​

2.5、独立看门狗（IWDG）

​

​

A) IWDG时钟预分频系数  32分频   
B) 计数器重装载值  4095   RLR
时钟频率LSI=32KHz， 一个看门狗时钟周期就是最短超时时间。(M4内核)
最长超时时间= (IWDG_RLR寄存器最大值）x 看门狗时钟周期
超出（溢出）时间计算：单位为 ms

                  Tout=((4×2^PRER) ×RLR)/LSI时钟频率
通过公式得出：Tout=(4x2^3)×4095/32=4095ms

对应不同预分频系数的PRER值：

详解：
       Tout 为看门狗溢出时间（单位为 ms）； prer 为看门狗时钟预分频值（ IWDG_PR 值），范围为 0~7； rlr 为看门狗的重装载值（ IWDG_RLR 的值）；
我们设定prer值为6（6 代表的是 256 分频， HAL 库中可以使用宏定义标识符IWDG_PRESCALER_256），rlr值为4095，那么就可以得到Tout=256×4095/32=32760ms。这样，看门狗的溢出时间就是32760ms。只要你在32.76秒钟之内，有一次写入 0XAAAA 到 IWDG_KR，就不会导致看门狗复位（当然写入多次也是可以的）。这里需要提醒大家的是，看门狗的时钟不是准确的 32Khz，所以在喂狗的时候，最好不要太晚了，否则，有可能发生看门狗复位。

2.6、生成代码

​

​

三、编码 

1、usart.c文件

  1. /* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
  2. /**
  3.   ******************************************************************************
  4.   * @file    usart.c
  5.   * @brief   This file provides code for the configuration
  6.   *          of the USART instances.
  7.   ******************************************************************************
  8.   * @attention
  9.   *
  10.   * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  11.   * All rights reserved.
  12.   *
  13.   * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  14.   * in the root directory of this software component.
  15.   * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  16.   *
  17.   ******************************************************************************
  18.   */
  19. /* USER CODE END Header */
  20. /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  21. #include "usart.h"
  22.  
  23. /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
  24.  
  25. /* USER CODE END 0 */
  26.  
  27. UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
  28.  
  29. /* USART1 init function */
  30.  
  31. void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
  32. {
  33.  
  34.   /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */
  35.  
  36.   /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */
  37.  
  38.   /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */
  39.  
  40.   /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */
  41.   huart1.Instance = USART1;
  42.   huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  43.   huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  44.   huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  45.   huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  46.   huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  47.   huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  48.   huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  49.   if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  50.   {
  51.     Error_Handler();
  52.   }
  53.   /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */
  54.  
  55.   /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */
  56.  
  57. }
  58.  
  59. void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
  60. {
  61.  
  62.   GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  63.   if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
  64.   {
  65.   /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 0 */
  66.  
  67.   /* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 0 */
  68.     /* USART1 clock enable */
  69.     __HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();
  70.  
  71.     __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
  72.     /**USART1 GPIO Configuration
  73.     PA9     ------> USART1_TX
  74.     PA10     ------> USART1_RX
  75.     */
  76.     GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10;
  77.     GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
  78.     GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  79.     GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
  80.     GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART1;
  81.     HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
  82.  
  83.     /* USART1 interrupt Init */
  84.     HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART1_IRQn, 0, 0);
  85.     HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
  86.   /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 1 */
  87.  
  88.   /* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 1 */
  89.   }
  90. }
  91.  
  92. void HAL_UART_MspDeInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
  93. {
  94.  
  95.   if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
  96.   {
  97.   /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
  98.  
  99.   /* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
  100.     /* Peripheral clock disable */
  101.     __HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_DISABLE();
  102.  
  103.     /**USART1 GPIO Configuration
  104.     PA9     ------> USART1_TX
  105.     PA10     ------> USART1_RX
  106.     */
  107.     HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10);
  108.  
  109.     /* USART1 interrupt Deinit */
  110.     HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
  111.   /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
  112.  
  113.   /* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
  114.   }
  115. }
  116.  
  117. /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
  118. #include "stdio.h"
  119. #ifdef __GNUC__
  120.   /* With GCC/RAISONANCE, small printf (option LD Linker->Libraries->Small printf
  121.      set to 'Yes') calls __io_putchar() */
  122.   #define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int __io_putchar(int ch)
  123. #else
  124.   #define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
  125. #endif /* __GNUC__ */
  126. /**
  127.   * @brief  Retargets the C library printf function to the USART.
  128.   * @param  None
  129.   * @retval None
  130.   */
  131. PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
  132. {
  133.   /* Place your implementation of fputc here */
  134.   /* e.g. write a character to the EVAL_COM1 and Loop until the end of transmission */
  135.   HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xFFFF);
  136.  
  137.   return ch;
  138. }
  139.  
  140. int fgetc(FILE * f)
  141. {
  142.   uint8_t ch = 0;
  143.   HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xffff);
  144.   return ch;
  145. }
  146.  
  147. /* USER CODE END 1 */

2、 tim.c文件 (本示例使用“定时器”模拟任务来执行程序逻辑代码)

  1. /* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
  2. /**
  3.   ******************************************************************************
  4.   * @file    tim.c
  5.   * @brief   This file provides code for the configuration
  6.   *          of the TIM instances.
  7.   ******************************************************************************
  8.   * @attention
  9.   *
  10.   * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  11.   * All rights reserved.
  12.   *
  13.   * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  14.   * in the root directory of this software component.
  15.   * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  16.   *
  17.   ******************************************************************************
  18.   */
  19. /* USER CODE END Header */
  20. /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  21. #include "tim.h"
  22.  
  23. /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
  24.  
  25. /* USER CODE END 0 */
  26.  
  27. TIM_HandleTypeDef htim1;
  28.  
  29. /* TIM1 init function */
  30. void MX_TIM1_Init(void)
  31. {
  32.  
  33.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM1_Init 0 */
  34.  
  35.   /* USER CODE END TIM1_Init 0 */
  36.  
  37.   TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig = {0};
  38.   TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};
  39.  
  40.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM1_Init 1 */
  41.  
  42.   /* USER CODE END TIM1_Init 1 */
  43.   htim1.Instance = TIM1;
  44.   htim1.Init.Prescaler = 84-1;
  45.   htim1.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
  46.   htim1.Init.Period = 1000-1;
  47.   htim1.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
  48.   htim1.Init.RepetitionCounter = 0;
  49.   htim1.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
  50.   if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim1) != HAL_OK)
  51.   {
  52.     Error_Handler();
  53.   }
  54.   sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
  55.   if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim1, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
  56.   {
  57.     Error_Handler();
  58.   }
  59.   sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
  60.   sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
  61.   if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim1, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
  62.   {
  63.     Error_Handler();
  64.   }
  65.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM1_Init 2 */
  66.  
  67.   /* USER CODE END TIM1_Init 2 */
  68.  
  69. }
  70.  
  71. void HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* tim_baseHandle)
  72. {
  73.  
  74.   if(tim_baseHandle->Instance==TIM1)
  75.   {
  76.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM1_MspInit 0 */
  77.  
  78.   /* USER CODE END TIM1_MspInit 0 */
  79.     /* TIM1 clock enable */
  80.     __HAL_RCC_TIM1_CLK_ENABLE();
  81.  
  82.     /* TIM1 interrupt Init */
  83.     HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQn, 0, 0);
  84.     HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQn);
  85.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM1_MspInit 1 */
  86.  
  87.   /* USER CODE END TIM1_MspInit 1 */
  88.   }
  89. }
  90.  
  91. void HAL_TIM_Base_MspDeInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* tim_baseHandle)
  92. {
  93.  
  94.   if(tim_baseHandle->Instance==TIM1)
  95.   {
  96.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM1_MspDeInit 0 */
  97.  
  98.   /* USER CODE END TIM1_MspDeInit 0 */
  99.     /* Peripheral clock disable */
  100.     __HAL_RCC_TIM1_CLK_DISABLE();
  101.  
  102.     /* TIM1 interrupt Deinit */
  103.     HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQn);
  104.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM1_MspDeInit 1 */
  105.  
  106.   /* USER CODE END TIM1_MspDeInit 1 */
  107.   }
  108. }
  109.  
  110. /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
  111. #include "stdio.h"
  112. #include "iwdg.h"
  113. uint32_t timeCount_500ms = 0;
  114. uint32_t timeCount_1000ms = 0;
  115. uint8_t times_refresh = 0;
  116. void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim){
  117. 	if(htim->Instance == TIM1){	//任务计数1ms
  118. 		timeCount_500ms++;
  119. 		timeCount_1000ms++;
  120. 		if(timeCount_500ms==500){
  121. 			timeCount_500ms = 0;
  122. 			printf("time + 500ms\n");
  123. 		}
  124. 		if(timeCount_1000ms==1000){
  125. 			timeCount_1000ms = 0;
  126. 			printf("time + 1s\n");
  127. 			HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED_GPIO_Port, LED_Pin);  //LED翻转  --闪烁表示喂狗成功
  128. 			times_refresh++;
  129. 			if (times_refresh < 2) { 
  130. 				HAL_IWDG_Refresh(&hiwdg);      //喂狗
  131. 				printf("成功喂狗!!! \n");
  132. 			} else if (times_refresh == 5){
  133. 				times_refresh = 0;
  134. 				printf("超时喂狗!!! \n");
  135. 			}
  136. 		}
  137. 	}
  138. }
  139.  
  140. /* USER CODE END 1 */

3、iwdg.c 文件 默认即可
       只需关注HAL库独立窗口狗以下的API即可：

  1. HAL_WWDG_Init(WWDG_HandleTypeDef *hwwdg); 	//看门狗初始化
  2.  
  3. HAL_WWDG_Refresh(WWDG_HandleTypeDef *hwwdg);	//喂狗
  4.

4、main.c文件

  1. /* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
  2. /**
  3.   ******************************************************************************
  4.   * @file           : main.c
  5.   * @brief          : Main program body
  6.   ******************************************************************************
  7.   * @attention
  8.   *
  9.   * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  10.   * All rights reserved.
  11.   *
  12.   * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  13.   * in the root directory of this software component.
  14.   * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  15.   *
  16.   ******************************************************************************
  17.   */
  18. /* USER CODE END Header */
  19. /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  20. #include "main.h"
  21. #include "iwdg.h"
  22. #include "tim.h"
  23. #include "usart.h"
  24. #include "gpio.h"
  25.  
  26. /* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
  27. /* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
  28. #include "stdio.h"
  29. /* USER CODE END Includes */
  30.  
  31. /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
  32. /* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
  33.  
  34. /* USER CODE END PTD */
  35.  
  36. /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
  37. /* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
  38.  
  39. /* USER CODE END PD */
  40.  
  41. /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
  42. /* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
  43.  
  44. /* USER CODE END PM */
  45.  
  46. /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
  47.  
  48. /* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
  49.  
  50. /* USER CODE END PV */
  51.  
  52. /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
  53. void SystemClock_Config(void);
  54. /* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
  55.  
  56. /* USER CODE END PFP */
  57.  
  58. /* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
  59. /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
  60.  
  61. /* USER CODE END 0 */
  62.  
  63. /**
  64.   * @brief  The application entry point.
  65.   * @retval int
  66.   */
  67. int main(void)
  68. {
  69.   /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
  70.  
  71.   /* USER CODE END 1 */
  72.  
  73.   /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
  74.  
  75.   /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  76.   HAL_Init();
  77.  
  78.   /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
  79.  
  80.   /* USER CODE END Init */
  81.  
  82.   /* Configure the system clock */
  83.   SystemClock_Config();
  84.  
  85.   /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
  86.  
  87.   /* USER CODE END SysInit */
  88.  
  89.   /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  90.   MX_GPIO_Init();
  91.   MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  92.   MX_TIM1_Init();
  93.   MX_IWDG_Init();
  94.   /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
  95. 	HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim1);
  96. 	printf("heihei iwdg \r\n");
  97.   /* USER CODE END 2 */
  98.  
  99.   /* Infinite loop */
  100.   /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  101.   while (1)
  102.   {
  103.     /* USER CODE END WHILE */
  104.  
  105.     /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  106.   }
  107.   /* USER CODE END 3 */
  108. }
  109.  
  110. /**
  111.   * @brief System Clock Configuration
  112.   * @retval None
  113.   */
  114. void SystemClock_Config(void)
  115. {
  116.   RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  117.   RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
  118.  
  119.   /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  120.   */
  121.   __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
  122.   __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE2);
  123.  
  124.   /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  125.   * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  126.   */
  127.   RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_LSI|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  128.   RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  129.   RCC_OscInitStruct.LSIState = RCC_LSI_ON;
  130.   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  131.   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  132.   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 25;
  133.   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 168;
  134.   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  135.   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
  136.   if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  137.   {
  138.     Error_Handler();
  139.   }
  140.  
  141.   /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  142.   */
  143.   RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
  144.                               |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  145.   RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  146.   RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  147.   RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  148.   RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  149.  
  150.   if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  151.   {
  152.     Error_Handler();
  153.   }
  154. }
  155.  
  156. /* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
  157.  
  158. /* USER CODE END 4 */
  159.  
  160. /**
  161.   * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  162.   * @retval None
  163.   */
  164. void Error_Handler(void)
  165. {
  166.   /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  167.   /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  168.   __disable_irq();
  169.   while (1)
  170.   {
  171.   }
  172.   /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
  173. }
  174.  
  175. #ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
  176. /**
  177.   * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  178.   *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  179.   * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  180.   * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  181.   * @retval None
  182.   */
  183. void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
  184. {
  185.   /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  186.   /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
  187.      ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  188.   /* USER CODE END 6 */
  189. }
  190. #endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

四、运行结果

五、总结

        好了，介绍完毕。有了它，再也不用担心，程序跑飞了，希望对你有所帮助，谢谢光临！感谢参阅。

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