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Android下发送邮件功能总结_android 使用commons-net-3.3.jar

作者：2023面试高手 | 2024-03-06 05:36:06

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android 使用commons-net-3.3.jar

最近项目用到邮件发送功能，自然联想到掉起手机自带的邮件APK，但太过于依赖于系统的邮件apk，如何你需要默默后台发送邮件，这种功能显然是无法满足的，经过查阅资料基本可以找到两种现有的解决方案。

1、第一种使用commons-net-3.3.jar

此jar可以实现简单的邮件发送，如果你只需要发送简单的文本邮件，这个包就可以满足需求。这个包封装的还是比较好的，监听接口等都很完善，使用也非常方便，唯一的缺点就是不支持附件、HTML等方式发送邮件，除非自己去扩展这个包，根据SMTP协议实现图片、附件、HTML邮件。

当然这个包还有其他功能，封装了很多协议，具体如下：

FTP/FTPS
FTP over HTTP (experimental)
NNTP
SMTP(S)
POP3(S)
IMAP(S)
Telnet
TFTP
Finger
Whois
rexec/rcmd/rlogin
Time (rdate) and Daytime
Echo
Discard
NTP/SNTP

具体实现可以看下面我附的代码，注意还需要使用apache mime4j编码一下邮件的中文部分，不然显示乱码。

2、使用mail.jar核心邮件包实现邮件发送功能

可支持附件、图片、HTML等邮件形式，使用这个包需要引入activation.jar、additionnal.jar，这样就可以实现带有附件的邮件发送了，这才是我们真正需要的，一般来说不能发送附件还是比较鸡肋的，当然这个mail.jar使用起来不是那么顺畅，所以apache有一个再次封装的包commons-email-1.4.jar，使用这个包发送邮件就非常简单了。

我已经写了一个DEMO，正式项目已经将本代码重构，这是一个测试DEMO，稍作修改就可以用于项目了。已经调试通过可正常发送邮件。

下面是界面，抄送和密送没有写入，需要你自己加入，具体可以参照Apache官网的对应包的API http://commons.apache.org/

当然第一步你需要向sd卡push 一张png图片（pdf02.png），如果你也是使用genymotion 模拟器可以使用如下方式将图片添加到sd 卡

然后点击界面发送后，logcat 会显示如下信息表示发送成功。

好了，到发件邮箱看看是不是有相应的邮件发出了！

好了，一切Ok！具体核心代码如下：


package com.example.email;
 
import java.io.File;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
import org.apache.commons.mail.EmailAttachment;
import org.apache.commons.mail.EmailException;
import org.apache.commons.mail.MultiPartEmail;
import org.apache.commons.net.ProtocolCommandEvent;
import org.apache.commons.net.ProtocolCommandListener;
import org.apache.commons.net.smtp.AuthenticatingSMTPClient;
import org.apache.commons.net.smtp.SMTPClient;
import org.apache.commons.net.smtp.SMTPReply;
import org.apache.commons.net.smtp.SimpleSMTPHeader;
import org.apache.james.mime4j.codec.EncoderUtil;
import org.apache.james.mime4j.codec.EncoderUtil.Usage;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
 
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		if (savedInstanceState == null) {
			getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.container, new PlaceholderFragment()).commit();
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}
	
	@Override
	public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
		// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
		// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
		// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
		int id = item.getItemId();
		if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
			return true;
		}
		return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
	}
	
	/**
	 * A placeholder fragment containing a simple view.
	 */
	public static class PlaceholderFragment extends Fragment {
		private EditText et_receive, et_cc, et_bcc, et_send, et_pwd, et_subject, et_message;
		private Button btn_send;
		
		public PlaceholderFragment() {
			
		}
		
		@Override
		public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
			View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container, false);
			btn_send = (Button) rootView.findViewById(R.id.btn_send);
			et_receive = (EditText) rootView.findViewById(R.id.et_receive);
			et_cc = (EditText) rootView.findViewById(R.id.et_cc);
			et_bcc = (EditText) rootView.findViewById(R.id.et_bcc);
			et_send = (EditText) rootView.findViewById(R.id.et_send);
			et_pwd = (EditText) rootView.findViewById(R.id.et_password);
			et_subject = (EditText) rootView.findViewById(R.id.et_subject);
			et_message = (EditText) rootView.findViewById(R.id.et_message);
			setListener();
			return rootView;
		}
		
		private void setListener() {
			
			btn_send.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
				@Override
				public void onClick(View v) {
					final String receive = et_receive.getText().toString().trim();
					final String cc = et_cc.getText().toString().trim();
					final String bcc = et_bcc.getText().toString().trim();
					final String send = et_send.getText().toString().trim();
					final String pwd = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();
					final String subject = et_subject.getText().toString().trim();
					final String message = et_message.getText().toString().trim();
					// 建立发送邮件任务
					new AsyncTask<String, Integer, Boolean>() {
						
						@Override
						protected Boolean doInBackground(String... params) {
							try {
								// sendEmailByApacheCommonsNet(send, pwd,
								// receive, subject, message);
								System.out.println("send=" + send + ",pwd=" + pwd + ",receive=" + receive + ",subject=" + subject + ",message="
										+ message);
								sendEmailByApacheCommonsEmail(send, pwd, receive, subject, message);
								return true;
							} catch (Exception e) {
								e.printStackTrace();
								return false;
							}
						}
					}.execute();
				}
			});
		}
		
		/**
		 * 检测邮箱地址是否合法
		 * 
		 * @param address
		 * @return true合法 false不合法
		 */
		private boolean verifyEmailAddress(String address) {
			if (null == address || "".equals(address))
				return false;
			Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\w+([-+.]\\w+)*@\\w+([-.]\\w+)*\\.\\w+([-.]\\w+)*");// 复杂匹配
			Matcher m = p.matcher(address);
			return m.matches();
		}
		
		/**
		 * @Description TODO 发送带附件的email
		 * @throws EmailException
		 */
		private void sendEmailByApacheCommonsEmail(String from, String fromPwd, String to, String subject, String message) throws EmailException {
			
			if (!verifyEmailAddress(from) || !verifyEmailAddress(to)) {
				System.out.println("enter verifyEmailAddress");
				return;
			}
			// Create the attachment
			EmailAttachment attachment = new EmailAttachment();
			attachment.setPath(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + "pdf02.png");
			attachment.setDisposition(EmailAttachment.ATTACHMENT);
			attachment.setDescription("pdf02");
			attachment.setName("pdf02.png");
			
			// Create the email message
			MultiPartEmail email = new MultiPartEmail();
			email.setDebug(true);
			// 这里使用163邮箱服务器，实际需要修改为对应邮箱服务器
			email.setHostName("smtp.163.com");
			email.setSmtpPort(25);
			email.setSocketTimeout(6 * 1000);
			email.setCharset("UTF-8");
			email.setAuthentication(from, fromPwd);
			email.addTo(to, to);
			// email.addBcc(arg0);
			// email.addCc(arg0);
			email.setFrom(from, from);
			email.setSubject(subject);
			email.setMsg(message);
			
			// add the attachment
			email.attach(attachment);
			
			// send the email
			String sendStr = email.send();
			System.out.println("sendStr=" + sendStr);
		}
		
		/**
		 * @Description TODO 只能发送简单的邮件文本，如需要发送附件需要自己去实现
		 * @throws Exception
		 */
		@SuppressWarnings("unused")
		private void sendEmailByApacheCommonsNet(String from, String fromPwd, String to, String subject, String message) throws Exception {
			if (!verifyEmailAddress(from) || !verifyEmailAddress(to)) {
				System.out.println("enter verifyEmailAddress");
				return;
			}
			String hostname = "smtp.163.com";
			int port = 25;
			
			String password = fromPwd;
			String login = from;
			
			String text = message;
			
			AuthenticatingSMTPClient client = new AuthenticatingSMTPClient();
			try {
				// optionally set a timeout to have a faster feedback on errors
				client.setDefaultTimeout(10 * 6000);
				// you connect to the SMTP server
				client.connect(hostname, port);
				client.addProtocolCommandListener(new ProtocolCommandListener() {
					
					@Override
					public void protocolCommandSent(ProtocolCommandEvent arg0) {
						System.out.println("protocolCommandSent =" + arg0.getCommand());
					}
					
					@Override
					public void protocolReplyReceived(ProtocolCommandEvent arg0) {
						System.out.println("protocolReplyReceived =" + arg0.getMessage());
					}
					
				});
				// you say ehlo and you specify the host you are connecting
				// from, could be anything
				client.ehlo("163");
				// if your host accepts STARTTLS, we're good everything will be
				// encrypted, otherwise we're done here
				if (client.execTLS()) {
					System.out.println("enter to login");
					client.auth(AuthenticatingSMTPClient.AUTH_METHOD.LOGIN, login, password);
					checkReply(client);
					client.setSender(from);
					checkReply(client);
					
					client.addRecipient(to);
					checkReply(client);
					
					Writer writer = client.sendMessageData();
					
					if (writer != null) {
						// 使用apache mime4j中的EncoderUtil来编码邮件主题
						String encodedSubject = EncoderUtil.encodeIfNecessary(subject, Usage.TEXT_TOKEN, 0);
						SimpleSMTPHeader header = new SimpleSMTPHeader(from, to, encodedSubject);
						header.addHeaderField("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=UTF-8");
						header.addHeaderField("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "base64");
						// 使用apache mime4j中的EncoderUtil来编码邮件正文
						String encodedBody = EncoderUtil.encodeB(text.getBytes());
						writer.write(header.toString());
						writer.write(encodedBody);
						writer.close();
						if (!client.completePendingCommand()) {// failure
							throw new Exception("Failure to send the email ");
						}
					} else {
						throw new Exception("Failure to send the email ");
					}
				} else {
					throw new Exception("STARTTLS was not accepted ");
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				throw e;
			} finally {
				client.logout();
				client.disconnect();
			}
		}
		
		private static void checkReply(SMTPClient sc) throws Exception {
			if (SMTPReply.isNegativeTransient(sc.getReplyCode())) {
				throw new Exception("Transient SMTP error ");
			} else if (SMTPReply.isNegativePermanent(sc.getReplyCode())) {
				throw new Exception("Permanent SMTP error ");
			}
		}
	}
	
}

3、DEMO下载

点此下载

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