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多进程实现消费者生产者问题
一,实验目的
1,了解生产者消费者的互斥与同步问题
2,掌握Windows和Linux的进程通信方法
二,实验要求
完成Windows版本和Linux版本。
一个大小为3的缓冲区,初始为空。
2个生产者
3个消费者
显示每次添加和读取数据的时间及缓冲区的状态
三,实验环境
Windows版本:Windows 10 64位系统,Dev-cpp编译器
Linux版本:Fedora29版本,gcc环境 vim文本编辑器
四,实验代码结构
1),pv操作伪代码:
array[3]:interger//缓冲区定义,大小为三
int empty=3,full=0;
int mutex=1;
i=0,j=0//缓冲区指针
x,y:item //产品变量
生产者: 消费者:
begin:
produce a product to x;
P(empty);
P(mutex);
array[i]=x;
ii=(i+1)%3;
V(full);
V(mutex);
,,,,,, .........,
End
消费者:
end
2)实验代码分析
Windows版本:
思路分析:Windows创建多进程使用creatprocess()函数调用自己,通过多次创建得到两个生产者进程三个消费者进程,在之中运行相应的生产者函数,消费者函数。在通过传入参数不同,来辨别是第一次主进程还是生产者进程,消费者进程。通过构建共享内存区进行进程间通信。
①多进程创建
② 构建共享内存区,再将文件映射到本进程,初始化
③在主创建进程间信号量full empty
分别在生产者消费者进程创建互斥访问量mutex
④同过argv量的不同判断进程归属
⑤
运行结果:
全部代码见后
Linux版本:
思路分析:Linux使用fork进行多进程创建,分别在进程中运行消费者函数,生产者函数。建立共享主存区很信号量在进程建进行通信和缓存访问
①,创建进程分别运行消费者和生产者函数
②建立共享主存并进行映射
③创建进程间信号量full,empty和互斥量 mutex,并初始化
④实验结果:
五, 实验总结
本次实验获得圆满成功。
本次实验通过分别编写Windows和Linux版本的多进程实现消费者和生产者问题,了解生产者消费者的互斥与同步问题,掌握Windows和Linux的进程通信方法,也同时加强自己对多进程操作的理解。
代码:
- WIndows版本:
- //实验三生产者消费者
- #include <windows.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <time.h>
-
-
- HANDLE handleOfProcess[5];
-
- struct buf
- {
- char buffer[3];
- int write;
- int read;
- };
-
- int rand_1()
- {
- return rand()%100+1000;
- }
-
- char rand_char()
- {
- return rand()%26+'A';
- }
-
- void StartClone(int nCloneID)
- {
- TCHAR szFilename[MAX_PATH];
- GetModuleFileName(NULL,szFilename,MAX_PATH);
-
- TCHAR szCmdLine[MAX_PATH];
- sprintf(szCmdLine,"\"%s\" %d",szFilename,nCloneID);
- //printf("%s\n",szCmdLine);
-
- STARTUPINFO si;
- ZeroMemory(reinterpret_cast<void*>(&si),sizeof(si));
-
- si.cb=sizeof(si);
- PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
-
- BOOL bCreateOK=CreateProcess(
- szFilename,
- szCmdLine,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- FALSE,
- CREATE_DEFAULT_ERROR_MODE,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- &si,
- &pi);
- if(bCreateOK)
- handleOfProcess[nCloneID]=pi.hProcess;
- else
- {
- printf("Error in create process!\n");
- exit(0);
- }
- }
-
- void pro()//生产者
- {
- HANDLE mutex = CreateMutex(NULL,FALSE,"MYMUTEX");
- HANDLE empty = OpenSemaphore(SEMAPHORE_ALL_ACCESS,FALSE,"MYEMPTY");
- HANDLE full = OpenSemaphore(SEMAPHORE_ALL_ACCESS,FALSE,"MYFULL");
-
- HANDLE hMap = OpenFileMapping(FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS,FALSE,"myfilemap");
- LPVOID Data=MapViewOfFile(//文件映射
- hMap,
- FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS,
- 0,
- 0,
- 0);
- struct buf *pint=reinterpret_cast<struct buf *>(Data);
-
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
- {
- WaitForSingleObject(empty, INFINITE);
- //sleep
- srand((unsigned)time(0));
- int tim=rand_1();
- Sleep(tim);
-
- WaitForSingleObject(mutex, INFINITE);
-
- //code
- pint->buffer[pint->write]=rand_char();
- pint->write=(pint->write+1)%3;
-
-
- ReleaseMutex(mutex);
- ReleaseSemaphore(full,1,NULL);
-
- SYSTEMTIME syst;
- time_t t=time(0);
- GetSystemTime(&syst);
- char tmpBuf[10];
- strftime(tmpBuf,10,"%H:%M:%S",localtime(&t));
- printf("生产者%d向缓冲区写入数据:\t%c\t%c\t%c\t@%s.%d\n",
- (int)GetCurrentProcessId(),pint->buffer[0],pint->buffer[1],
- pint->buffer[2],tmpBuf,syst.wMilliseconds);
- fflush(stdout);
- }
- UnmapViewOfFile(Data);//解除映射
- Data=NULL;
- CloseHandle(mutex);
- CloseHandle(empty);
- CloseHandle(full);
- }
-
- void con()//消费者
- {
- HANDLE mutex = CreateMutex(NULL,FALSE,"MYMUTEX");
- HANDLE empty = OpenSemaphore(SEMAPHORE_ALL_ACCESS,FALSE,"MYEMPTY");
- HANDLE full = OpenSemaphore(SEMAPHORE_ALL_ACCESS,FALSE,"MYFULL");
-
- HANDLE hMap = OpenFileMapping(FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS,FALSE,"myfilemap");
- LPVOID Data=MapViewOfFile(//文件映射
- hMap,
- FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS,
- 0,
- 0,
- 0);
- struct buf *pint=reinterpret_cast<struct buf *>(Data);
-
- for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
- {
- WaitForSingleObject(full,INFINITE);
- //sleep
- srand((unsigned)time(0));
- int tim=rand_1();
- Sleep(tim);
-
- WaitForSingleObject(mutex,INFINITE);
-
- pint->buffer[pint->read]=' ';
- pint->read=(pint->read+1)%3;
-
- ReleaseMutex(mutex);
- ReleaseSemaphore(empty,1,NULL);
- //code
-
- time_t t=time(0);
- char tmpBuf[10];
- SYSTEMTIME syst;
- GetSystemTime(&syst);
- strftime(tmpBuf,10,"%H:%M:%S",localtime(&t));
-
- printf("消费者%d从缓冲区读取数据:\t%c\t%c\t%c\t@%s.%d\n",
- (int)GetCurrentProcessId(),pint->buffer[0],pint->buffer[1],
- pint->buffer[2],tmpBuf,syst.wMilliseconds);
- fflush(stdout);
-
- }
- UnmapViewOfFile(Data);//解除映射
- Data=NULL;
- CloseHandle(mutex);
- CloseHandle(empty);
- CloseHandle(full);
- }
-
- int main(int argc,char * argv[])
- {
- int nCloneID=20;
- if(argc>1)
- {
- sscanf(argv[1],"%d",&nCloneID);
- }
-
- if(nCloneID<2)//生产者进程
- {
- pro();
- }
- else if(nCloneID<5)//消费者进程
- {
- con();
- }
- else//主进程
- {
- HANDLE hMap=CreateFileMapping(
- NULL,
- NULL,
- PAGE_READWRITE,
- 0,
- sizeof(struct buf),
- "myfilemap");
-
- if (hMap!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
- {
- LPVOID Data=MapViewOfFile(//文件映射
- hMap,
- FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS,
- 0,
- 0,
- 0);
-
- if (Data!=NULL)
- {
- ZeroMemory(Data,sizeof(struct buf));
- }
- struct buf *pnData=reinterpret_cast<struct buf *>(Data);
- pnData->read=0;
- pnData->write=0;
- memset(pnData->buffer,0,sizeof(pnData->buffer));
- UnmapViewOfFile(Data);//解除映射
- Data=NULL;
- }
-
- HANDLE empty = CreateSemaphore(NULL,3,3,"MYEMPTY");
- HANDLE full = CreateSemaphore(NULL,0,3,"MYFULL");
- for(int i=0;i<5;i++)//创建子进程
- StartClone(i);
- WaitForMultipleObjects(5,handleOfProcess,TRUE,INFINITE);
- CloseHandle(empty);
- CloseHandle(full);
- }
- }
Linux版本:
- //实验三:生产者消费者
- #include<string.h>
- #include <sys/time.h>
- #include<stdio.h>
- #include<sys/types.h>
- #include<unistd.h>
- #include<stdlib.h>
- #include<sys/sem.h>
- #include<sys/select.h>
- #include<sys/wait.h>
- #include<sys/ipc.h>
- #include<sys/shm.h>
- #include<time.h>
- #define SEM_ID1 225
- #define SEM_ID2 97
- #define SEM_ID3 234
- #define SHMKEY 75
-
- struct buf{
- char buffer[3];
- int read;
- int write;
- };
-
- int rand_1()
- {
- return rand()%300;
- }
-
- void sleep_ms(int s)
- {
- usleep(s*10000);
- }
-
- char* cur_time()
- {
- time_t timep;
- time(&timep);
- return ctime(&timep);
- }
- char rand_char()
- {
- return rand()%26+'A';
- }
- void P (int s)//p操作
- {
- struct sembuf sem_op;
- sem_op.sem_num=0;
- sem_op.sem_op=-1;
- sem_op.sem_flg=0;
- semop(s,&sem_op,1);
- }
- void V(int s)//v操作
- {
- struct sembuf sem_op;
- sem_op.sem_num=0;
- sem_op.sem_op=1;
- sem_op.sem_flg=0;
- semop(s,&sem_op,1);
-
- }
- void pro()//生产者
- {
- int tim,shmid,i=6;
- int sem_mutex,sem_empty,sem_full;
- void * addr;
- struct buf *pint;
- struct sembuf sem_op;
- struct timeval tv;
- sem_mutex=semget(SEM_ID1,1,0600);
- sem_empty=semget(SEM_ID2,1,0600);
- sem_full=semget(SEM_ID3,1,0600);
- shmid=shmget(SHMKEY,sizeof(struct buf),0777);
- addr=shmat(shmid,0,0);
- while(i--)
- {
- gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);
- srand((unsigned)tv.tv_usec);
- tim=rand_1();
- sleep_ms(tim);
- //P(empty)
- P(sem_empty);
- //P(mutex)
- P(sem_mutex);
-
- pint=(struct buf *)addr;
-
- // pint[semctl(sem_full,0,GETVAL)]=time;
- pint->buffer[pint->write]=rand_char();
- pint->write=(pint->write+1)%3;
-
- printf("当前生产者进程:%d 写入数据:\t%c\t%c\t%c\t@%lds%ldus\n",
- getpid(),pint->buffer[0],pint->buffer[1],
- pint->buffer[2],tv.tv_sec,tv.tv_usec);
-
-
- //V(mutex)
- V(sem_mutex);
- //V(full)
- V(sem_full);
- }
- shmdt(addr);
- }
- void con()//消费者
- {
- int tim,shmid,i=4;
- int sem_mutex,sem_empty,sem_full;
- void * addr;
- struct buf *pint;
- struct sembuf sem_op;
- struct timeval tv;
- sem_mutex=semget(SEM_ID1,1,0600);
- sem_empty=semget(SEM_ID2,1,0600);
- sem_full=semget(SEM_ID3,1,0600);
- shmid=shmget(SHMKEY,sizeof(struct buf),0777);
- addr=shmat(shmid,0,0);
- while(i--)
- {
- gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);
- srand((unsigned)tv.tv_usec);
- tim=rand_1();
- sleep_ms(tim);
- //P(full)
- P(sem_full);
- //P(mutex)
- P(sem_mutex);
-
- pint=(struct buf *)addr;
-
- pint->buffer[pint->read]=' ';
- pint->read=(pint->read+1)%3;
-
- printf("当前消费者进程:%d 读取数据:\t%c\t%c\t%c\t@%ldst%ldms\n",
- getpid(),pint->buffer[0],pint->buffer[1],
- pint->buffer[2],tv.tv_sec,tv.tv_usec);
-
- //V(mutex)
- V(sem_mutex);
- //V(empty)
- V(sem_empty);
-
- }
- shmdt(addr);
- }
-
- int main()
- {
- int sem_mutex,sem_empty,sem_full,shmid;
- void * addr;
- union semun {
- int val;
- }empty,full,mutex;
-
- //建立信号量
- sem_mutex=semget(SEM_ID1,1,IPC_CREAT|0600);
- sem_empty=semget(SEM_ID2,1,IPC_CREAT|0600);
- sem_full=semget(SEM_ID3,1,IPC_CREAT|0600);
-
- full.val=0;
- empty.val=3;
- mutex.val=1;
-
- semctl(sem_mutex,0,SETVAL,mutex);
- semctl(sem_empty,0,SETVAL,empty);
- semctl(sem_full,0,SETVAL,full);
-
- //建立共享内存并进行映射
- shmid=shmget(SHMKEY,sizeof(struct buf),0777|IPC_CREAT);
- if(-1==shmid)
- {
- printf("建立共享内存失败\n");
- exit(0);
- }
- addr=shmat(shmid,0,0);
- memset(addr,0,sizeof(struct buf));
-
- //执行生产者进程
- for(int i=0;i<2;i++)
- if(fork()==0)
- {
- pro();
- exit(0);
- }
- //执行消费者进程
- for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
- if(fork()==0)
- {
- con();
- exit(0);
- }
-
- while(-1 != wait(0));
- semctl(sem_mutex,0,IPC_RMID);
- semctl(sem_empty,0,IPC_RMID);
- semctl(sem_full,0,IPC_RMID);
- shmdt(addr);
- }
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