Caused by: com.rabbitmq.client.ShutdownSignalException: channel error； protocol method: ......

在启动RabbitMQ消费端的时候报错：Caused by: com.rabbitmq.client.ShutdownSignalException: channel error; protocol method: #method<channel.close>(reply-code=406, reply-text=PRECONDITION_FAILED - inequivalent arg 'type' for exchange 'messageChange' in vhost '/': received 'fanout' but current is 'direct', class-id=40, method-id=10)

 详细信息如下：

F:\jdk1.8.0_151\bin\java.exe "-javaagent:E:\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.2.1\lib\idea_rt.jar=58077:E:\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.2.1\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\charsets.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\deploy.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\javaws.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\jce.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\jfr.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\jsse.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\plugin.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\resources.jar;F:\jdk1.8.0_151\jre\lib\rt.jar;F:\workspace\rabbitmqDemo\rabbitmqConsumer02\target\test-classes;F:\repository_ssh\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-logging\2.1.0.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-logging-2.1.0.RELEASE.jar;F:\repository_ssh\ch\qos\logback\logback-classic\1.2.3\logback-classic-1.2.3.jar;F:\repository_ssh\ch\qos\logback\logback-core\1.2.3\logback-core-1.2.3.jar;F:\repository_ssh\org\apache\logging\log4j\log4j-to-slf4j\2.11.1\log4j-to-slf4j-2.11.1.jar;F:\repository_ssh\org\apache\logging\log4j\log4j-api\2.11.1\log4j-api-2.11.1.jar;F:\repository_ssh\org\slf4j\jul-to-slf4j\1.7.25\jul-to-slf4j-1.7.25.jar;F:\repository_ssh\com\rabbitmq\amqp-client\5.7.0\amqp-client-5.7.0.jar;F:\repository_ssh\org\slf4j\slf4j-api\1.7.26\slf4j-api-1.7.26.jar xyfer.Consumer02
java.io.IOException
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.AMQChannel.wrap(AMQChannel.java:129)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.AMQChannel.wrap(AMQChannel.java:125)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.AMQChannel.exnWrappingRpc(AMQChannel.java:147)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.ChannelN.exchangeDeclare(ChannelN.java:783)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.recovery.AutorecoveringChannel.exchangeDeclare(AutorecoveringChannel.java:242)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.recovery.AutorecoveringChannel.exchangeDeclare(AutorecoveringChannel.java:232)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.recovery.AutorecoveringChannel.exchangeDeclare(AutorecoveringChannel.java:212)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.recovery.AutorecoveringChannel.exchangeDeclare(AutorecoveringChannel.java:217)
	at xyfer.Consumer02.main(Consumer02.java:28)
Caused by: com.rabbitmq.client.ShutdownSignalException: channel error; protocol method: #method<channel.close>(reply-code=406, reply-text=PRECONDITION_FAILED - inequivalent arg 'type' for exchange 'messageChange' in vhost '/': received 'fanout' but current is 'direct', class-id=40, method-id=10)
	at com.rabbitmq.utility.ValueOrException.getValue(ValueOrException.java:66)
	at com.rabbitmq.utility.BlockingValueOrException.uninterruptibleGetValue(BlockingValueOrException.java:36)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.AMQChannel$BlockingRpcContinuation.getReply(AMQChannel.java:502)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.AMQChannel.privateRpc(AMQChannel.java:293)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.AMQChannel.exnWrappingRpc(AMQChannel.java:141)
	... 6 more
Caused by: com.rabbitmq.client.ShutdownSignalException: channel error; protocol method: #method<channel.close>(reply-code=406, reply-text=PRECONDITION_FAILED - inequivalent arg 'type' for exchange 'messageChange' in vhost '/': received 'fanout' but current is 'direct', class-id=40, method-id=10)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.ChannelN.asyncShutdown(ChannelN.java:522)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.ChannelN.processAsync(ChannelN.java:346)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.AMQChannel.handleCompleteInboundCommand(AMQChannel.java:182)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.AMQChannel.handleFrame(AMQChannel.java:114)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.AMQConnection.readFrame(AMQConnection.java:672)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.AMQConnection.access$300(AMQConnection.java:48)
	at com.rabbitmq.client.impl.AMQConnection$MainLoop.run(AMQConnection.java:599)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

仔细看一下报错信息：Caused by: com.rabbitmq.client.ShutdownSignalException: channel error; protocol method: #method<channel.close>(reply-code=406, reply-text=PRECONDITION_FAILED - inequivalent arg 'type' for exchange 'messageChange' in vhost '/': received 'fanout' but current is 'direct', class-id=40, method-id=10)

大概意思是交换机的类型不匹配，消费端应该收到名称为“messageChange”，类型为“fanout”的交换机发送的消息，但是当前RabbitMQ中存在的名称为“messageChange”的交换机的类型却是“direct”，所以交换机的类型不匹配。

打开RabbitMQ可以看到确实是这样：

目前有两种解决方式：

一、更改消费端代码中声明的交换机名称即可；

二，把RabbitMQ中的同名却不同类型的交换机删除即可；

消费端代码如下，交换机名称为“messageChange”，类型为“fanout”；

package xyfer;
 
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
 
public class Consumer02 {
    //Publish/subscribe发布订阅模式
    private static final String QUEUE_SMS ="queueSms";
    private static final String EXCHANGE = "messageChange";   同名
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection connection = null;
        Channel channel = null;
        try {
            ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
            connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
            connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
            connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
            channel = connection.createChannel();
            //通道绑定交换机
            /**
              * 参数明细
              * 1、交换机名称
              * 2、交换机类型，fanout、topic、direct、headers
              */
            //Publish/subscribe发布订阅模式
            channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE, BuiltinExchangeType.FANOUT);   不同类型
            //通道绑定队列
            /**
             * 声明队列，如果Rabbit中没有此队列将自动创建
             * param1:队列名称
             * param2:是否持久化
             * param3:队列是否独占此连接
             * param4:队列不再使用时是否自动删除此队列
             * param5:队列参数
             * String queue, boolean durable, boolean exclusive, boolean autoDelete, Map<String, Object> arguments
             *
             */
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_SMS,true,false,false,null);//通道绑定短信队列
            //交换机和队列绑定
            /**
             * 参数明细
             * 1、队列名称
             * 2、交换机名称
             * 3、路由key
             */
            //Publish/subscribe发布订阅模式
            channel.queueBind(QUEUE_SMS,EXCHANGE,"");
            DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
                /**
                  * 消费者接收消息调用此方法
                  * @param consumerTag 消费者的标签，在channel.basicConsume()去指定
                  * @param envelope 消息包的内容，可从中获取消息id，消息routingkey，交换机，消息和重传标志
                    (收到消息失败后是否需要重新发送)
                  * @param properties
                  * @param body
                  * @throws IOException
                 * String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body
                 */
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                    //交换机
                    String exchange = envelope.getExchange();
                    //路由key
                    String routingKey = envelope.getRoutingKey();
                    envelope.getDeliveryTag();
                    String msg = new String(body,"utf-8");
                    System.out.println("mq收到的消息是："+msg );
                }
 
            };
            System.out.println("消费者启动成功！");
            channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_SMS,true,consumer);
 
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}