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前言
这是基于我之前的一篇博文:
使用visual Studio 2019在VB.net中新添自定义画图函数
在此基础上,我优化了一下,改进了UI,添加了示例功能,即以画圆函数为基础,添加了走马灯功能。
先看一下最终效果:
1、UI布置
首先大致布局一下窗体控件:
VB.net的窗体布局很简单,当然同时效果也就那样,如果要UI美观,需要自己设计一下,包括配色以及图片。
但本文不涉及UI美化,可能会在以后单独介绍。
2、画圆函数
''' <summary> ''' 在PictureBox中画一个圆 ''' </summary> ''' <param name="p"></param> ''' <param name="c"></param> Private Sub huayuan(p As PictureBox, c As Color) Dim b As Bitmap = New Bitmap(p.Width, p.Height) Dim g As Graphics = Graphics.FromImage(b) Dim mybrush As New SolidBrush(c) g.FillEllipse(mybrush, 0, 0, p.Width, p.Height) g.Dispose() p.Image = b End Sub
画圆函数还是和之前一样,稍微解释下:
自定义的huayuan函数,有两个参数,一个是PictureBox实例,一个是颜色。
函数内,使用bitmap绘制圆形并填充色块,即我们所需的圆形,然后将bitmap作为image赋予PictureBox的图片属性。
这样我们就在图片框中画了一个圆形。
3、走马灯
如上图,我们一共添加了8个PictureBox,用于实现走马灯,即8个图片框按顺序点亮(由灰色变为红色)。实现这个功能有多种方式,本文选择的是利用定时器来实现。
所以,我们需要在窗体添加一个Timer控件。
在VB.net中,Timer控件是系统工具箱自带的,可以直接拖到窗体上。
Timer的使用也很简单,设置一下其定时间隔:
Timer1.Interval = NumericUpDown1.Value
本文中,Timer的间隔可以自定义设置,单位为毫秒。
Timer设置了时间间隔后,直接调用start,定时器就启动了,每间隔一次,就会触发Tick事件,我们可以在这个Tick事件里去编写我们的逻辑,本文中,就是利用画圆函数给PictureBox轮流画圆。
Private Sub Timer1_Tick(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick x += 1 'Console.WriteLine(x) If x <= 8 And flag Then Button1.Enabled = False Move_led(x, 1) Else Button1.Enabled = True Button2.Enabled = False Button3.Enabled = False x = 0 Label12.Text = 0 Label14.Text = "停止中" '走马灯完成后,恢复初始状态 init_led() Timer1.Stop() flag = False End If End Sub
其中调用的Move_led函数如下:
''' <summary> ''' 走马灯程序 ''' 为了防止循环阻塞主线程,可以添加异步方式 ''' </summary> Private Sub Move_led(count As Integer, timedelay As Integer) Label12.Text = count.ToString() For j As Integer = 1 To 8 Step 1 Dim str11 = "x" & count.ToString() + "j" & j.ToString() 'Console.WriteLine(str11) Dim pic1 As PictureBox = Me.Controls("PictureBox" & j) 'Console.WriteLine(pic1.Name) If j = count Then huayuan(pic1, Color.Red) Else huayuan(pic1, Color.Gray) End If '添加异步等待时间 'Await Task.Delay(1) Next '添加异步等待时间 'Await Task.Delay(timedelay) End Sub
这里的大致逻辑就是,设置一个计数,在定时器的Tick事件里,每次都判断计数的大小,如果小于8,就根据计数值执行画圆函数,当然此处又有一个判断函数Move_led,用于对8个图片框分别画圆。执行完后,对计数值加1,然后等待下次定时器触发再判断,直到计数值大于8,也就是走马灯结束,那么就恢复初始值。
以下是完整代码:
控件说明:
Form:1,
Button:3,
Label:14,
PictureBox:8,
NumericUpDown:1
Imports System.Threading.Thread Public Class Form1 Private Sub Form1_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load Me.Text = "走马灯演示" Me.Size = New Size(600, 400) Me.Location = New Point(100, 40) NumericUpDown1.Value = 100 '最长间隔100000ms=100s NumericUpDown1.Maximum = 100000 '最短间隔10ms=0.01s NumericUpDown1.Minimum = 10 Timer1.Interval = 100 Label12.Text = 0 Label14.Text = "无" Button2.Enabled = False Button3.Enabled = False init_led() End Sub Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click Timer1.Interval = NumericUpDown1.Value Timer1.Start() flag = True Label14.Text = "运行中" Button1.Enabled = False Button2.Enabled = True Button3.Enabled = False End Sub Private Sub Button2_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click Timer1.Stop() flag = False Button1.Enabled = True Label14.Text = "停止中" Button1.Enabled = True Button2.Enabled = False Button3.Enabled = True End Sub Private Sub Button3_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button3.Click Timer1.Stop() flag = False x = 0 Label14.Text = "无" Label12.Text = 0 Button1.Enabled = True Button2.Enabled = False Button3.Enabled = False For i As Integer = 1 To 8 Step 1 Dim pic1 = Me.Controls("PictureBox" & i) huayuan(pic1, Color.Gray) Next End Sub Dim x As Integer = 0 Dim flag As Boolean = False Private Sub Timer1_Tick(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick x += 1 'Console.WriteLine(x) If x <= 8 And flag Then Button1.Enabled = False Move_led(x, 1) Else Button1.Enabled = True Button2.Enabled = False Button3.Enabled = False x = 0 Label12.Text = 0 Label14.Text = "停止中" '走马灯完成后,恢复初始状态 init_led() Timer1.Stop() flag = False End If End Sub ''' <summary> ''' 初始化参数 ''' </summary> Private Sub init_led() '统一为Label赋值 For i As Integer = 1 To 8 Step 1 Me.Controls("Label" & i).Text = "灯" & i Dim pic1 = Me.Controls("PictureBox" & i) huayuan(pic1, Color.Gray) Console.WriteLine(pic1.Name) Next End Sub ''' <summary> ''' 走马灯程序 ''' 为了防止循环阻塞主线程,可以添加异步方式 ''' </summary> Private Sub Move_led(count As Integer, timedelay As Integer) Label12.Text = count.ToString() For j As Integer = 1 To 8 Step 1 Dim str11 = "x" & count.ToString() + "j" & j.ToString() 'Console.WriteLine(str11) Dim pic1 As PictureBox = Me.Controls("PictureBox" & j) 'Console.WriteLine(pic1.Name) If j = count Then huayuan(pic1, Color.Red) Else huayuan(pic1, Color.Gray) End If '添加异步等待时间 'Await Task.Delay(1) Next '添加异步等待时间 'Await Task.Delay(timedelay) End Sub ''' <summary> ''' 在PictureBox中画一个圆 ''' </summary> ''' <param name="p"></param> ''' <param name="c"></param> Private Sub huayuan(p As PictureBox, c As Color) Dim b As Bitmap = New Bitmap(p.Width, p.Height) Dim g As Graphics = Graphics.FromImage(b) Dim mybrush As New SolidBrush(c) g.FillEllipse(mybrush, 0, 0, p.Width, p.Height) g.Dispose() p.Image = b End Sub End Class
注:事实上本文虽然介绍的是画圆,但可以扩展到任意图形的绘制,只需要对huayuan函数作一些修改即可。我在之前的那篇文章里也说过,本文实际是用于工控行业的上位机编写的一部分,单独列出来,一是方便,作个记录,以便于后来查看,二是如果有这方面需求的朋友,假如能够帮助到你,那么也是非常好的。
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