基于Android在布局中动态添加view的两种方法_layout.addview

一、说明

添加视图文件的时候有两种方式：1、通过在xml文件定义layout；2、java代码编写

二、前言说明

1.构造xml文件

2.LayoutInflater

提到addview，首先要了解一下LayoutInflater类。这个类最主要的功能就是实现将xml表述的layout转化为View的功能。为了便于理解，我们可以将它与findViewById()作一比较，二者都是实例化某一对象，不同的是findViewById()是找xml布局文件下的具体widget控件实例化，而LayoutInflater找res/layout/下的xml布局文件来实例化的。

(1)创建

LayoutInflater inflater=(LayoutInflater)context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);或

LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(Activity.this);或

LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();

这三种方法本质是相同的。

(2)inflate()

用LayoutInflater.inflate() 将LayOut文件转化成VIew。

View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.block_gym_album_list_item, null);

3.添加视图文件

三、步骤

1、通过在xml文件定义layout(block_gym_album_list_item.xml)

<linearlayout 
 xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="fill_parent"
 android:orientation="vertical"
 android:padding="5dp" 
 
  <imageview 
   android:id="@+id/iv_head_album"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   android:src="@drawable/defaulthead" 
  </imageview 
</linearlayout 

复制

activity_dynamic

<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:id="@+id/ll_parent"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:orientation="vertical" 
 
  <include
   android:layout_width="fill_parent"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   layout="@layout/block_head_back" 
  </include 
 </linearlayout 

复制

3、MainActivity

package com.gxtag.gym.ui;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.LinearLayout.LayoutParams;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.gxtag.gym.R;
import com.icq.app.widget.StatedButton;
public class MainActivityextends Activity implements OnClickListener{
private Context mContext;
private TextView mTv_title;
private String title = "动态添加布局";
private StatedButton mSbtn_back;
private LinearLayout mLl_parent;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_dynamic);
mContext=this;
initView();
mLl_parent.addView(addView1());
mLl_parent.addView(addView2());
}
private void initView() {
// TODO 初始化视图
mLl_parent=(LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.ll_parent);
mTv_title = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_title);
mTv_title.setText(String.format(String.format(
getResources().getString(R.string.title), title)));
mSbtn_back = (StatedButton) findViewById(R.id.sbtn_navback);
mSbtn_back.setOnClickListener(this); 
}
private View addView1() {
// TODO 动态添加布局(xml方式)
LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams( 
LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);  //LayoutInflater inflater1=(LayoutInflater)mContext.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
//  LayoutInflater inflater2 = getLayoutInflater();
LayoutInflater inflater3 = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
View view = inflater3.inflate(R.layout.block_gym_album_list_item, null);
view.setLayoutParams(lp);
return view;
}
private View addView2() {
// TODO 动态添加布局(java方式)
LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams( 
LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); 
LinearLayout view = new LinearLayout(this); 
view.setLayoutParams(lp);//设置布局参数 
view.setOrientation(LinearLayout.HORIZONTAL);// 设置子View的Linearlayout// 为垂直方向布局 
//定义子View中两个元素的布局 
ViewGroup.LayoutParams vlp = new ViewGroup.LayoutParams( 
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, 
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); 
ViewGroup.LayoutParams vlp2 = new ViewGroup.LayoutParams( 
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, 
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); 
TextView tv1 = new TextView(this); 
TextView tv2 = new TextView(this); 
tv1.setLayoutParams(vlp);//设置TextView的布局 
tv2.setLayoutParams(vlp2); 
tv1.setText("姓名:"); 
tv2.setText("李四"); 
tv2.setPadding(calculateDpToPx(50), 0, 0, 0);//设置边距 
view.addView(tv1);//将TextView 添加到子View 中 
view.addView(tv2);//将TextView 添加到子View 中 
return view; 
}
private int calculateDpToPx(int padding_in_dp){ 
final float scale = getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density; 
return (int) (padding_in_dp * scale + 0.5f); 
} 
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO 控件单击事件
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.sbtn_navback:
this.finish();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}

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Demo:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private LinearLayout layout;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        layout = findViewById(R.id.test);
        layout.addView(getView());
    }

    private View getView() {
        // TODO 动态添加布局(xml方式)
        FrameLayout.LayoutParams lp = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                dip2px(this, 100),
                dip2px(this, 500));
        LayoutInflater inflater3 = LayoutInflater.from(this);
        View view = inflater3.inflate(R.layout.layout, null);
        view.setLayoutParams(lp);
        return view;
    }

    public static int dip2px(Context context, float dipValue) {
        final float scale = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
        return (int) (dipValue * scale + 0.5f);
    }
}