如何在Linux上安装VMware Tools Debian，Ubuntu，Kali，Mint，Fedora，CentOS，RHEL发行版

VMware is one of the best virtualization company. Especially in the desktop based virtualization it provides far more features than its competitors. VMware provides some tools to make virtualization experience more smooth. These tools are called VMware Tools. In this tutorial we will look how to install these tools into Linux distributions like Debian, Ubuntu, Mint, Kali but this will work for Fedora, CentOS, RHEL too.

VMware是最好的虚拟化公司之一。 特别是在基于桌面的虚拟化中，它提供的功能远远超过竞争对手。 VMware提供了一些工具来使虚拟化体验更加流畅。 这些工具称为VMware Tools。 在本教程中，我们将研究如何将这些工具安装到Debian，Ubuntu，Mint，Kali等Linux发行版中，但这也适用于Fedora，CentOS和RHEL。

将工具ISO挂载到VM (Mount Tool ISO into VM)

VMware tools file or iso is provided over internet or with the VMware products like Workstations, Esxi etc. In this example we will mount from a VMware Workstation from VM ->Update VM Tools menu like below.

VMware的工具文件或ISO是通过互联网或与VMware的产品，如工作站，ESXi的等等。在这个例子中，我们将从从VMware Workstation的安装提供VM > - Update VM Tools如下图所示菜单。

将VMwareTools-10.1.6-5214329.tar.gz复制并解压缩到桌面 (Copy and Extract VMwareTools-10.1.6-5214329.tar.gz To Desktop)

We need to extract the tools which is in a tar.gz archive. So we will copy the files from cdrom to our desktop with the following command. Where cdrom is located at media

我们需要提取tar.gz归档文件中的工具。 因此，我们将使用以下命令将文件从cdrom复制到桌面。 cdrom在media

$ cp /media/ismail/VMware\ Tools/VMwareTools-10.1.6-5214329.tar.gz .

Then we will extract the archive with the tar command like below.

然后，我们将使用tar命令提取档案，如下所示。

$ tar xvf VMwareTools-10.1.6-5214329.tar.gz

Where all extracted files will be put into directory named vmware-tools-distrib

将所有提取的文件放在名为vmware-tools-distrib

安装Ifconfig (Install Ifconfig)

For Ubuntu, Debian, Mint and Kali distributions vmware tools have dependency for ifconfig command. ifconfig command is not installed for the recent versions of these distributions. We have to install ifconfig in order to complete vmware tools installation without problem.

对于Ubuntu，Debian，Mint和Kali发行版， vmware tools具有ifconfig命令的依赖性。 这些发行版的最新版本未安装ifconfig命令。 我们必须安装ifconfig才能完成vmware工具的安装，而不会出现问题。

$ sudo apt install net-tools

开始安装VMware Tools (Start VMware Tools Installation)

We will start vmware tools installation by executing vmware-install.pl with root privileges. Root privielges required because of command installation and kernel compilation. The kernel will be compiled with the vmware tools and drivers automatically by this installation procedure.

我们将通过使用root特权执行vmware-install.pl开始vmware工具安装。 由于安装了命令和进行了内核编译，因此需要root用户特权。 该安装过程将使用vmware工具和驱动程序自动编译内核。

$ sudo ./vmware-tools-distrib/vmware-install.pl

After this step there will be a lot of questions about installation just push enter to accepts defaults.

完成此步骤后，将有很多关于安装的问题，只需按Enter即可接受默认设置。

You have a version of VMware Tools installed. Continuing this install will
first uninstall the currently installed version. Do you wish to continue?
(yes/no) [yes]
 
Uninstalling the tar installation of VMware Tools.
 
Stopping services for VMware Tools
 
 
 
The removal of VMware Tools 10.1.6 build-5214329 for Linux completed
successfully.
 
Installing VMware Tools.
 
In which directory do you want to install the binary files?
[/usr/bin]
 
What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?
[/etc]
 
What is the directory that contains the init scripts?
[/etc/init.d]
 
In which directory do you want to install the daemon files?
[/usr/sbin]
 
In which directory do you want to install the library files?
[/usr/lib/vmware-tools]
 
The path "/usr/lib/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program is
going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]
 
 
 
In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?
[/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools]
The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program
is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you
want? [yes]
The installation of VMware Tools 10.1.6 build-5214329 for Linux completed
successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any
time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl".
 
Before running VMware Tools for the first time, you need to configure it by
invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl". Do you want
this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes]
 
 
 
You have chosen to install VMware Tools on top of an open-vm-tools package.
You will now be given the option to replace some commands provided by
open-vm-tools. Please note that if you replace any commands at this time and
later remove VMware Tools, it may be necessary to re-install the open-vm-tools.
 
WARNING: It appears your system is missing the required /usr/bin/vmhgfs-fuse
 
Initializing...
 
 
 
Making sure services for VMware Tools are stopped.
 
 
 
The module vmci has already been installed on this system by another installer
or package and will not be modified by this installer.
 
The module vsock has already been installed on this system by another installer
or package and will not be modified by this installer.
 
The module vmxnet3 has already been installed on this system by another
installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.
 
The module pvscsi has already been installed on this system by another
installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.
 
The module vmmemctl has already been installed on this system by another
installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.
 
The VMware Host-Guest Filesystem allows for shared folders between the host OS
and the guest OS in a Fusion or Workstation virtual environment. Do you wish
to enable this feature? [yes]
 
The vmxnet driver is no longer supported on kernels 3.3 and greater. Please
upgrade to a newer virtual NIC. (e.g., vmxnet3 or e1000e)
 
VMware automatic kernel modules enables automatic building and installation of
VMware kernel modules at boot that are not already present. This feature can
be enabled/disabled by re-running vmware-config-tools.pl.
 
Would you like to enable VMware automatic kernel modules?
[yes]
 
Thinprint provides driver-free printing. Do you wish to enable this feature?
[yes]
 
Creating a new initrd boot image for the kernel.
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.10.0-37-generic

翻译自: https://www.poftut.com/install-vmware-tools-to-the-linux-debian-ubuntu-kali-mint-fedora-centos-rhel-distributions/