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android通过aidl调用第三方app提供的服务_android jar包和aidl

作者：AllinToyou | 2024-03-18 19:04:56

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android jar包和aidl

        一个app需要调用第三方app提供的服务，除了提供jar,aar,contentprovider,activity跳转，scheme跳转，广播发送，还可以通过aidl （Android Interface Definition Language,即Android接口定义语言），通过service对外提供服务，底层原理是使用android系统的Binder，进行进程间的通信。

        本次试验，通过一个叫learn的app提供两个接口服务，1.判断用户名密码是否正确  2.返回用户信息，使用了简单对象和自定义对象两种实现方式，然后另外一个叫test的app来调用learn提供的服务，试验发现如果learn进程没有在运行，那么test是无法调起learn提供的服务的。所以aidl有这个局限性。提供sdk一般通过aar提供接口服务比较好。

       注意事项：在learn服务提供方，定义的aidl和类，在test项目中，包名必须和learn中一致，否则无法调起。

       一、服务端

关于aidl的创建，项目右键-->new-->AIDL-->AIDL file

 

       1.定义aidl

       

服务接口定义IUserAidlInterface.aidl
  1. // IUserAidlInterface.aidl
  2. package com.figo.learn;
  3.  
  4. // Declare any non-default types here with import statements
  5. import com.figo.learn.User;
  6. interface IUserAidlInterface {
  7.     /**
  8.      * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
  9.      * and return values in AIDL.
  10.      */
  11. //    void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,
  12.                                                           double aDouble, String aString);
  13.     boolean isUserPwdRight(String name,String pwd);
  14.  
  15.      User getUserInfo(String name);
  16. }

        自定义对象User.aidl

  1. // User.aidl
  2. package com.figo.learn;
  3. parcelable User;

        注意自定义类User.java的包名和aidl所在的包名必须一致

  1. package com.figo.learn;
  2.  
  3. import android.os.Parcel;
  4. import android.os.Parcelable;
  5.  
  6. /**
  7.  * 可序列化用户类
  8.  */
  9. public class User implements Parcelable {
  10.     private String userName;
  11.     private String sex;
  12.     private  int age;
  13.     private  String mobile;
  14.     private  String address;
  15.     public User()
  16.     {
  17.  
  18.     }
  19.     protected User(Parcel in) {
  20.         userName = in.readString();
  21.         sex = in.readString();
  22.         age = in.readInt();
  23.         mobile = in.readString();
  24.         address = in.readString();
  25.     }
  26.  
  27.     public static final Creator<User> CREATOR = new Creator<User>() {
  28.         @Override
  29.         public User createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
  30.             return new User(in);
  31.         }
  32.  
  33.         @Override
  34.         public User[] newArray(int size) {
  35.             return new User[size];
  36.         }
  37.     };
  38.  
  39.     public String getUserName() {
  40.         return userName;
  41.     }
  42.  
  43.     public void setUserName(String userName) {
  44.         this.userName = userName;
  45.     }
  46.  
  47.     public String getSex() {
  48.         return sex;
  49.     }
  50.  
  51.     public void setSex(String sex) {
  52.         this.sex = sex;
  53.     }
  54.  
  55.     public int getAge() {
  56.         return age;
  57.     }
  58.  
  59.     public void setAge(int age) {
  60.         this.age = age;
  61.     }
  62.  
  63.     public String getMobile() {
  64.         return mobile;
  65.     }
  66.  
  67.     public void setMobile(String mobile) {
  68.         this.mobile = mobile;
  69.     }
  70.  
  71.     public String getAddress() {
  72.         return address;
  73.     }
  74.  
  75.     public void setAddress(String address) {
  76.         this.address = address;
  77.     }
  78.  
  79.     @Override
  80.     public int describeContents() {
  81.         return 0;
  82.     }
  83.  
  84.     @Override
  85.     public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
  86.         dest.writeString(userName);
  87.         dest.writeString(sex);
  88.         dest.writeInt(age);
  89.         dest.writeString(mobile);
  90.         dest.writeString(address);
  91.     }
  92.     public void readFromParcel(Parcel dest) {
  93.         //注意，此处的读值顺序应当是和writeToParcel()方法中一致的
  94.         userName = dest.readString();
  95.         sex = dest.readString();
  96.         age = dest.readInt();
  97.         mobile = dest.readString();
  98.         address = dest.readString();
  99.     }
  100.  
  101.     public String toString() {
  102.         return "User{" +
  103.                 "userName='" + userName + '\'' +
  104.                 ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
  105.                 ", age=" + age +
  106.                 ", mobile='" + mobile + '\'' +
  107.                 ", address='" + address + '\'' +
  108.                 '}';
  109.     }
  110. }

          这时候，再Build-->ReBuild Project,就会自动生成相关的stub了。

      2.创建service，且注册到androidmanifest.xml

 

UserService.java
  1. package com.figo.learn.service;
  2.  
  3.  
  4. import android.app.Service;
  5. import android.content.Intent;
  6. import android.os.IBinder;
  7. import android.os.RemoteException;
  8.  
  9. import com.figo.learn.IUserAidlInterface;
  10. import com.figo.learn.User;
  11.  
  12. public class UserService extends Service {
  13.  
  14.     @Override
  15.     public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
  16.         return new UserBinder();
  17.     }
  18.     public class UserBinder extends IUserAidlInterface.Stub
  19.     {
  20.  
  21.         @Override
  22.         public boolean isUserPwdRight(String name, String pwd) throws RemoteException {
  23.             //这里可以写查询后台逻辑，演示就直接判断了
  24.             if("admin".equals(name)&&"123456".equals(pwd))
  25.             {
  26.                 return true;
  27.             }else {
  28.                 return false;
  29.             }
  30.         }
  31.  
  32.         @Override
  33.         public User getUserInfo(String name) throws RemoteException {
  34.             User user=new User();
  35.             if("admin".equals(name))
  36.             {
  37.                 user.setUserName("张三");
  38.                 user.setAge(18);
  39.                 user.setAddress("上海");
  40.                 user.setMobile("15812345678");
  41.                 user.setSex("男");
  42.             }
  43.             return user;
  44.         }
  45.     }
  46. }

注册服务

  1.     <service
  2.             android:name=".service.UserService"
  3.             android:exported="true">
  4.             <intent-filter>
  5.                 <action android:name="com.figo.learn.user"/>
  6.                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
  7.             </intent-filter>
  8.         </service>

         二.在test项目的客户端

1.将aidl和自定义类，learn中一样的包名，copy过来

同样的rebuild一下项目 

2.测试远程调用

AidlTestActivity.java
  1. package com.figo.test.activity;
  2.  
  3. import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
  4.  
  5. import android.content.ComponentName;
  6. import android.content.Intent;
  7. import android.content.ServiceConnection;
  8. import android.os.Bundle;
  9. import android.os.IBinder;
  10. import android.os.RemoteException;
  11. import android.view.View;
  12. import android.widget.Toast;
  13.  
  14. import com.figo.learn.IUserAidlInterface;
  15. import com.figo.learn.User;
  16. import com.figo.test.R;
  17.  
  18. public class AidlTestActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
  19.     private IUserAidlInterface iUserAidlInterface;
  20.     private ServiceConnection conn=new ServiceConnection()
  21.     {
  22.  
  23.         @Override
  24.         public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service)
  25.         {
  26.             Toast.makeText(AidlTestActivity.this, "远程服务已经连接，iUserAidlInterface创建成功", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  27.             iUserAidlInterface = IUserAidlInterface.Stub.asInterface(service);
  28.             if(iUserAidlInterface!=null)
  29.             {
  30.                 String userName = "admin";
  31.                 String pwd = "123abc";
  32.                 boolean isPwdRight = false;
  33.                 User user=null;
  34.                 try {
  35.                     isPwdRight = iUserAidlInterface.isUserPwdRight(userName, pwd);
  36.                     user=iUserAidlInterface.getUserInfo("admin");
  37.                 } catch (RemoteException e) {
  38.                     e.printStackTrace();
  39.                 }
  40.                 if (isPwdRight) {
  41.                     Toast.makeText(AidlTestActivity.this, "用户名密码匹配", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  42.                 } else {
  43.                     Toast.makeText(AidlTestActivity.this, "用户名密码不匹配", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  44.                 }
  45.  
  46.                 if (user!=null) {
  47.                     Toast.makeText(AidlTestActivity.this, "获取到用户信息"+user.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  48.                 } else {
  49.                     Toast.makeText(AidlTestActivity.this, "未获取到用户信息", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  50.                 }
  51.             }
  52.         }
  53.  
  54.         @Override
  55.         public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name)
  56.         {
  57.             iUserAidlInterface=null;
  58.             Toast.makeText(AidlTestActivity.this, "远程服务已经断开", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  59.         }
  60.     };
  61.     @Override
  62.     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  63.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  64.         setContentView(R.layout.activity_aidl_test);
  65.         //this.bindService();
  66.  
  67.     }
  68.  
  69.     private void bindService()
  70.     {
  71.         Intent intent=new Intent();
  72.         intent.setAction("com.figo.learn.user");
  73.         intent.setPackage("com.figo.learn");
  74.         bindService(intent, conn , BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
  75.     }
  76.  
  77.     public void aidlServiceTest(View view)
  78.     {
  79.  
  80.         try {
  81.             //如果onCreate未连接成功，再次连接一下看看
  82. //            if(iUserAidlInterface==null)
  83. //             {
  84. //                 this.bindService();
  85. //             }else {
  86. //                if (iUserAidlInterface != null) {
  87. //
  88. //                } else {
  89. //                    Toast.makeText(AidlTestActivity.this, "iUserAidlInterface未创建成功", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  90. //                }
  91. //            }
  92.             bindService();
  93.          }catch (Exception e)
  94.          {
  95.              e.printStackTrace();
  96.          }
  97.  
  98.     }
  99.  
  100.     @Override
  101.     protected void onDestroy() {
  102.         super.onDestroy();
  103.         unbindService(conn);
  104.     }
  105. }

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