启动spark报错java.net.UnknownHostException: unknown error解决方案_spark-sql报错 java.net.unknownhostexception: maxc1

启动spark时，报错如下（主机名也为spark）：

[root@spark bin]# ./pyspark 
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Feb 22 2013, 00:00:18) 
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
/root/spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.4/python/pyspark/sql/context.py:477: DeprecationWarning: HiveContext is deprecated in Spark 2.0.0. Please use SparkSession.builder.enableHiveSupport().getOrCreate() instead.
  DeprecationWarning)
Using Spark's default log4j profile: org/apache/spark/log4j-defaults.properties
Setting default log level to "WARN".
To adjust logging level use sc.setLogLevel(newLevel).
16/08/04 23:58:59 WARN NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
16/08/04 23:58:59 ERROR SparkContext: Error initializing SparkContext.
java.net.UnknownHostException: spark: spark: unknown error
    at java.net.InetAddress.getLocalHost(InetAddress.java:1505)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.findLocalInetAddress(Utils.scala:846)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.org$apache$spark$util$Utils$$localIpAddress$lzycompute(Utils.scala:839)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.org$apache$spark$util$Utils$$localIpAddress(Utils.scala:839)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$$anonfun$localHostName$1.apply(Utils.scala:896)
	at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$$anonfun$localHostName$1.apply(Utils.scala:896)
    at scala.Option.getOrElse(Option.scala:121)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.localHostName(Utils.scala:896)
    at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.<init>(SparkContext.scala:388)
    at org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaSparkContext.<init>(JavaSparkContext.scala:58)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)
    at py4j.reflection.MethodInvoker.invoke(MethodInvoker.java:240)
    at py4j.reflection.ReflectionEngine.invoke(ReflectionEngine.java:357)
    at py4j.Gateway.invoke(Gateway.java:236)
    at py4j.commands.ConstructorCommand.invokeConstructor(ConstructorCommand.java:80)
    at py4j.commands.ConstructorCommand.execute(ConstructorCommand.java:69)
    at py4j.GatewayConnection.run(GatewayConnection.java:211)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.net.UnknownHostException: spark: unknown error
    at java.net.Inet6AddressImpl.lookupAllHostAddr(Native Method)
    at java.net.InetAddress$2.lookupAllHostAddr(InetAddress.java:928)
    at java.net.InetAddress.getAddressesFromNameService(InetAddress.java:1323)
    at java.net.InetAddress.getLocalHost(InetAddress.java:1500)
    ... 20 more
16/08/04 23:58:59 WARN SparkContext: Another SparkContext is being constructed (or threw an exception in its constructor).  This may indicate an error, since only one SparkContext may be running in this JVM (see SPARK-2243). The other SparkContext was created at:
org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaSparkContext.<init>(JavaSparkContext.scala:58)
sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)
py4j.reflection.MethodInvoker.invoke(MethodInvoker.java:240)
py4j.reflection.ReflectionEngine.invoke(ReflectionEngine.java:357)
py4j.Gateway.invoke(Gateway.java:236)
py4j.commands.ConstructorCommand.invokeConstructor(ConstructorCommand.java:80)
py4j.commands.ConstructorCommand.execute(ConstructorCommand.java:69)
py4j.GatewayConnection.run(GatewayConnection.java:211)
java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
16/08/04 23:58:59 ERROR SparkContext: Error initializing SparkContext.
java.net.UnknownHostException: spark: spark: unknown error
    at java.net.InetAddress.getLocalHost(InetAddress.java:1505)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.findLocalInetAddress(Utils.scala:846)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.org$apache$spark$util$Utils$$localIpAddress$lzycompute(Utils.scala:839)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.org$apache$spark$util$Utils$$localIpAddress(Utils.scala:839)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$$anonfun$localHostName$1.apply(Utils.scala:896)
	at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$$anonfun$localHostName$1.apply(Utils.scala:896)
    at scala.Option.getOrElse(Option.scala:121)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.localHostName(Utils.scala:896)
    at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.<init>(SparkContext.scala:388)
    at org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaSparkContext.<init>(JavaSparkContext.scala:58)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)
    at py4j.reflection.MethodInvoker.invoke(MethodInvoker.java:240)
    at py4j.reflection.ReflectionEngine.invoke(ReflectionEngine.java:357)
    at py4j.Gateway.invoke(Gateway.java:236)
    at py4j.commands.ConstructorCommand.invokeConstructor(ConstructorCommand.java:80)
    at py4j.commands.ConstructorCommand.execute(ConstructorCommand.java:69)
    at py4j.GatewayConnection.run(GatewayConnection.java:211)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.net.UnknownHostException: spark: unknown error
    at java.net.Inet6AddressImpl.lookupAllHostAddr(Native Method)
    at java.net.InetAddress$2.lookupAllHostAddr(InetAddress.java:928)
    at java.net.InetAddress.getAddressesFromNameService(InetAddress.java:1323)
    at java.net.InetAddress.getLocalHost(InetAddress.java:1500)
    ... 20 more
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.4/python/pyspark/shell.py", line 47, in <module>
    spark = SparkSession.builder.getOrCreate()
  File "/root/spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.4/python/pyspark/sql/session.py", line 169, in getOrCreate
    sc = SparkContext.getOrCreate(sparkConf)
  File "/root/spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.4/python/pyspark/context.py", line 294, in getOrCreate
    SparkContext(conf=conf or SparkConf())
  File "/root/spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.4/python/pyspark/context.py", line 115, in __init__
    conf, jsc, profiler_cls)
  File "/root/spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.4/python/pyspark/context.py", line 168, in _do_init
    self._jsc = jsc or self._initialize_context(self._conf._jconf)
  File "/root/spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.4/python/pyspark/context.py", line 233, in _initialize_context
    return self._jvm.JavaSparkContext(jconf)
  File "/root/spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.4/python/lib/py4j-0.10.1-src.zip/py4j/java_gateway.py", line 1183, in __call__
  File "/root/spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.4/python/lib/py4j-0.10.1-src.zip/py4j/protocol.py", line 312, in get_return_value
py4j.protocol.Py4JJavaError: An error occurred while calling None.org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaSparkContext.
: java.net.UnknownHostException: spark: spark: unknown error
    at java.net.InetAddress.getLocalHost(InetAddress.java:1505)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.findLocalInetAddress(Utils.scala:846)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.org$apache$spark$util$Utils$$localIpAddress$lzycompute(Utils.scala:839)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.org$apache$spark$util$Utils$$localIpAddress(Utils.scala:839)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$$anonfun$localHostName$1.apply(Utils.scala:896)
	at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$$anonfun$localHostName$1.apply(Utils.scala:896)
    at scala.Option.getOrElse(Option.scala:121)
    at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.localHostName(Utils.scala:896)
    at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.<init>(SparkContext.scala:388)
    at org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaSparkContext.<init>(JavaSparkContext.scala:58)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)
    at py4j.reflection.MethodInvoker.invoke(MethodInvoker.java:240)
    at py4j.reflection.ReflectionEngine.invoke(ReflectionEngine.java:357)
    at py4j.Gateway.invoke(Gateway.java:236)
    at py4j.commands.ConstructorCommand.invokeConstructor(ConstructorCommand.java:80)
    at py4j.commands.ConstructorCommand.execute(ConstructorCommand.java:69)
    at py4j.GatewayConnection.run(GatewayConnection.java:211)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.net.UnknownHostException: spark: unknown error
    at java.net.Inet6AddressImpl.lookupAllHostAddr(Native Method)
    at java.net.InetAddress$2.lookupAllHostAddr(InetAddress.java:928)
    at java.net.InetAddress.getAddressesFromNameService(InetAddress.java:1323)
    at java.net.InetAddress.getLocalHost(InetAddress.java:1500)
    ... 20 more
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解决方案为在/etc/hosts文件中加入对127.0.0.1的条目如下
127.0.0.1 主机名 localhost.localdomain localhost
即可
参考：
http://my.oschina.net/heguangdong/blog/13678