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1.决策树
没什么好说的,可以用graphviz(dot命令)画流程图
- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- # @Time : 2018/7/24 9:13
- # @Author : Alan
- # @Email : xiezhengwen2013@163.com
- # @File : decision tree_sk1.py
- # @Software: PyCharm
-
- from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier
- from sklearn import datasets
- import numpy as np
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- from sklearn.cross_validation import train_test_split
- from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler
- from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap
- from sklearn.tree import export_graphviz
-
- iris = datasets.load_iris()
- X = iris.data[:,[2,3]]
- y = iris.target
- X_train,X_test,y_train,y_test = train_test_split(X,y,test_size=0.3,random_state = 0)
- sc = StandardScaler()
- sc.fit(X_train)
- X_train_std = sc.transform(X_train)
- X_test_std = sc.transform(X_test)
- X_combined_std = np.vstack((X_train_std,X_test_std))
- y_combined_std = np.hstack((y_train,y_test))
- def plot_decision_regions(X, y, classifier,test_idx=None, resolution=0.02):
- # setup marker generator and color map
- markers = ('s', 'x', 'o', '^', 'v')
- colors = ('red', 'blue', 'lightgreen', 'cyan','gray')
- cmap = ListedColormap(colors[:len(np.unique(y))])
- # plot the decision surface
- x1_min, x1_max = X[:, 0].min() - 1, X[:, 0].max() + 1
- x2_min, x2_max = X[:, 1].min() - 1, X[:, 1].max() + 1
- xx1, xx2 = np.meshgrid(np.arange(x1_min, x1_max, resolution),
- np.arange(x2_min, x2_max, resolution))
- Z = classifier.predict(np.array([xx1.ravel(), xx2.ravel()]).T)
- Z = Z.reshape(xx1.shape)
- plt.contourf(xx1, xx2, Z, alpha=0.4, cmap=cmap)
- plt.xlim(xx1.min(), xx1.max())
- plt.ylim(xx2.min(), xx2.max())
- # plot all samples
- #X_test, y_test = X[test_idx, :], y[test_idx]
- for idx, cl in enumerate(np.unique(y)):
- plt.scatter(x=X[y == cl, 0], y=X[y == cl, 1],
- alpha=0.8, c=cmap(idx),
- marker=markers[idx], label=cl)
- # highlight test samples
- if test_idx:
- X_test, y_test = X[test_idx, :], y[test_idx]
- plt.scatter(X_test[:,0], X_test[:,1], c='',
- alpha=1.0, linewidth=1, marker='o',
- s=55, label='test set')
-
- tree = DecisionTreeClassifier(criterion='entropy',max_depth=3,random_state=0)
- tree.fit(X_train_std,y_train)
- plot_decision_regions(X_combined_std,y_combined_std,classifier=tree,test_idx=range(105,150))
- plt.xlabel('petal length [cm]')
- plt.ylabel('petal width [cm]')
- plt.legend(loc='upper left')
- plt.show()
-
- export_graphviz(tree,out_file='tree.dot',feature_names=['petal length','petal width'])
2.随机森林
random forest一大优点是受超参数的影响波动不是很大,但是几个主要参数还是需要好好调参的。比如说:在实际运用随机森林模型时,树的数目(k)需要好好调参。一般,k越大,随机森林的性能越好,当然计算成本也越高。
- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- # @Time : 2018/7/24 10:41
- # @Author : Alan
- # @Email : xiezhengwen2013@163.com
- # @File : decision_tree_sk2.py
- # @Software: PyCharm
-
- from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier
- from sklearn import datasets
- import numpy as np
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- from sklearn.cross_validation import train_test_split
- from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler
- from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap
- from sklearn.tree import export_graphviz
-
- iris = datasets.load_iris()
- X = iris.data[:,[2,3]]
- y = iris.target
- X_train,X_test,y_train,y_test = train_test_split(X,y,test_size=0.3,random_state = 0)
- sc = StandardScaler()
- sc.fit(X_train)
- X_train_std = sc.transform(X_train)
- X_test_std = sc.transform(X_test)
- X_combined_std = np.vstack((X_train_std,X_test_std))
- y_combined_std = np.hstack((y_train,y_test))
- def plot_decision_regions(X, y, classifier,test_idx=None, resolution=0.02):
- # setup marker generator and color map
- markers = ('s', 'x', 'o', '^', 'v')
- colors = ('red', 'blue', 'lightgreen', 'cyan','gray')
- cmap = ListedColormap(colors[:len(np.unique(y))])
- # plot the decision surface
- x1_min, x1_max = X[:, 0].min() - 1, X[:, 0].max() + 1
- x2_min, x2_max = X[:, 1].min() - 1, X[:, 1].max() + 1
- xx1, xx2 = np.meshgrid(np.arange(x1_min, x1_max, resolution),
- np.arange(x2_min, x2_max, resolution))
- Z = classifier.predict(np.array([xx1.ravel(), xx2.ravel()]).T)
- Z = Z.reshape(xx1.shape)
- plt.contourf(xx1, xx2, Z, alpha=0.4, cmap=cmap)
- plt.xlim(xx1.min(), xx1.max())
- plt.ylim(xx2.min(), xx2.max())
- # plot all samples
- #X_test, y_test = X[test_idx, :], y[test_idx]
- for idx, cl in enumerate(np.unique(y)):
- plt.scatter(x=X[y == cl, 0], y=X[y == cl, 1],
- alpha=0.8, c=cmap(idx),
- marker=markers[idx], label=cl)
- # highlight test samples
- if test_idx:
- X_test, y_test = X[test_idx, :], y[test_idx]
- plt.scatter(X_test[:,0], X_test[:,1], c='',
- alpha=1.0, linewidth=1, marker='o',
- s=55, label='test set')
-
- forest = RandomForestClassifier(criterion='entropy',n_estimators=10,random_state=1,n_jobs=2)
- forest.fit(X_train_std,y_train)
- plot_decision_regions(X_combined_std, y_combined_std,classifier=forest, test_idx=range(105,150))
- plt.xlabel('petal length')
- plt.ylabel('petal width')
- plt.legend(loc='upper left')
- plt.show()
reference:
《python machine learning》
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