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本系列文章记录作者大三开学第一个月中学习HarmonyOS移动应用开发学习经历,此篇为《微信聊天界面》项目,实现功能有
1、聊天信息功能,包括图片、文字
2、发送定位功能
3、选择发送本机图片功能
4、拍照并发送图片功能
如果在真机调试请将config文件中包名换成自己的应用包名即可,申请权限有文件读写、位置获取、相机调用、麦克风调用。
手把手教你用鸿蒙HarmonyOS实现微信聊天界面(一)_hys1124388788的博客-CSDN博客
聊天界面效果如图
图片选择效果如图
本篇讲关于图片的获取。一种方式是在项目中放置静态资源,另一种则是从本机中获取图片。
第一种方式使用很简单,只需要在Image组件添加src属性即可。
- <Image
- ohos:id="$+id:image_message"
- ohos:width="match_content"
- ohos:image_src="$media:rick_c137"
- ohos:height="match_content"
- ohos:scale_mode="zoom_center"
- ohos:background_element="$graphic:message_background"
- ohos:left_margin="15vp"
- ohos:left_padding="15vp"
- ohos:right_padding="15vp"
- ohos:right_margin="15vp"
- ohos:top_margin="15vp"
- ohos:top_padding="15vp"
- ohos:bottom_margin="15vp"
- ohos:bottom_padding="15vp"
- ohos:margin="5vp"/>
第二种的使用场景更加普遍,是根据图片文件的uri来访问媒体资源转换为PixelMap对象传给Image组件实现的。
- Component container = LayoutScatter.getInstance(context).parse(ResourceTable.Layout_image_message_list_item, null, false);
- Image image = (Image) container.findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_image_message);
-
- DataAbilityHelper helper=DataAbilityHelper.creator(context);
- ImageSource imageSource;
- Uri uri = Uri.parse(aMessage.getMessage());
- FileDescriptor fd = null;
- try {
- fd = helper.openFile(uri, "r");
- } catch (DataAbilityRemoteException | FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- imageSource = ImageSource.create(fd, null);
- //创建位图
- PixelMap pixelMap = imageSource.createPixelmap(null);
- image.setPixelMap(pixelMap);
- imageSource.release();
- helper.release();
-
- return container;
如何获取图片的Uri呢?是通过DataAbilityHelper这个类查询本机的资源(参考官方文档文档中心),媒体存储相关类AVStorage类中AVStorage.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_DATA_ABILITY_URI是获取用于处理图像媒体信息的Uri,视频资源也类似,根据查询结果获取到的资源id拼接处Uri
Uri.appendEncodedPathToUri(AVStorage.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_DATA_ABILITY_URI, String.valueOf(id));
项目中获取图片URI资源的类
- public class PictureManager {
- private static final String TAG = PictureManager.class.getSimpleName();
-
- private List<Uri> imagePathElements = new ArrayList<>();
-
- private Context context;
-
- /**
- * The construction method of this class
- *
- * @param context Context
- */
- public PictureManager(Context context) {
- this.context = context;
- loadFromMediaLibrary(context);
- }
-
- private void loadFromMediaLibrary(Context context) {
- Uri remoteUri = AVStorage.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_DATA_ABILITY_URI;
- DataAbilityHelper helper = DataAbilityHelper.creator(context, remoteUri, false);
- try {
- ResultSet resultSet = helper.query(remoteUri, null, null);
- LogUtil.info(TAG, "The result size: " + resultSet.getRowCount());
- processResult(resultSet);
- resultSet.close();
- } catch (DataAbilityRemoteException e) {
- LogUtil.error(TAG, "Query system media failed.");
- } finally {
- helper.release();
- }
- }
-
- private void processResult(ResultSet resultSet) {
- while (resultSet.goToNextRow()) {
- String path = resultSet.getString(resultSet.getColumnIndexForName(AVStorage.AVBaseColumns.DATA));
- String title = resultSet.getString(resultSet.getColumnIndexForName(AVStorage.AVBaseColumns.TITLE));
- String id = resultSet.getString(resultSet.getColumnIndexForName(AVStorage.Images.Media.ID));
- Uri uri = Uri.appendEncodedPathToUri(AVStorage.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_DATA_ABILITY_URI, String.valueOf(id));
-
- LogUtil.info(TAG, "The title is: " + title);
- LogUtil.info(TAG, "The path is: " + path);
- LogUtil.info(TAG, "The id is: " + id);
- LogUtil.info(TAG, "The uri is: " + uri);
- imagePathElements.add(uri);
- }
- }
-
- public List<Uri> getimageElements() {
- LogUtil.info(TAG, "The size is: " + imagePathElements.size());
- return imagePathElements;
- }
- }
具体怎么选择图片是通过ListContiner组件将图片按行展示在手机上,通过添加图片的点击方法调用发送消息方法将图片发出。
如何将Uri显示为图片?在鸿蒙中Image组件可通过调用setPixelMap方法设置,参数是PixMap对象。可以通过ImageSource根据FileDescriptor 创建位图
- DataAbilityHelper helper=DataAbilityHelper.creator(slice.getContext());
- ImageSource imageSource;
- FileDescriptor fd = null;
- fd = helper.openFile(uri, "r");
- imageSource = ImageSource.create(fd, null);
- PixelMap pixelMap = imageSource.createPixelmap(null);
- image.setPixelMap(pixelMap);
以下是在项目中将图片一行三张展示所以Uri采用数组存储,如果只想显示一张将数组换为单个对象即可。
- DataAbilityHelper helper=DataAbilityHelper.creator(slice.getContext());
- //定义图片来源对象
- ImageSource imageSource;
- Uri[] uris = imageLineItem.getUris();
- FileDescriptor fd = null;
-
- image1.setClickedListener(component1 -> {
- mainAbilitySlice.addAndUpdateMessage(mainAbilitySlice.getMessageDataSize(), String.valueOf(uris[0]),"image");
- mainAbilitySlice.getDialog().destroy();
- });
-
- try {
- fd = helper.openFile(uris[0], "r");
- } catch (DataAbilityRemoteException | FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- imageSource = ImageSource.create(fd, null);
- //创建位图
- PixelMap pixelMap = imageSource.createPixelmap(null);
- image1.setPixelMap(pixelMap);
- imageSource.release();
- helper.release();
ListContiner的内容实体类
- public class ImageLineItem {
- private int index;
- private Uri[] uris;
-
- public ImageLineItem(int index) {
- this.index = index;
- }
-
- public int getIndex() {
- return index;
- }
-
- public void setIndex(int index) {
- this.index = index;
- }
-
- public Uri[] getUris() {
- return uris;
- }
-
- public void setUris(Uri[] uris) {
- this.uris = uris;
- }
- }
Provider类
- public class ImageLineProvider extends BaseItemProvider {
- private static final String TAG = ImageLineProvider.class.getSimpleName();
- private List<ImageLineItem> list;
- private AbilitySlice slice;
-
- private MainAbilitySlice mainAbilitySlice;
-
- public void setMainAbilitySlice(MainAbilitySlice mainAbilitySlice){
- this.mainAbilitySlice = mainAbilitySlice;
- }
-
- public ImageLineProvider(List<ImageLineItem> list, AbilitySlice slice) {
- LogUtil.info(TAG,"list.size() : "+list.size());
- this.list = list;
- this.slice = slice;
- }
-
- @Override
- public int getCount() {
- return list == null ? 0 : list.size();
- }
-
- @Override
- public Object getItem(int position) {
- if (list != null && position >= 0 && position < list.size()){
- return list.get(position);
- }
- return null;
- }
-
- @Override
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- return position;
- }
-
- private Component getItemComponent(int position) {
- return getComponent(position);
- }
-
- private Component getComponent(int position) {
- LogUtil.info(TAG,"list.size()"+list.size());
- final Component cpt;
- cpt = LayoutScatter.getInstance(slice).parse(ResourceTable.Layout_images_line, null, false);
- ImageLineItem imageLineItem = list.get(position);
- Image image1,image2,image3;
- image1 = (Image) cpt.findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_image1);
- image2 = (Image) cpt.findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_image2);
- image3 = (Image) cpt.findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_image3);
-
- DataAbilityHelper helper=DataAbilityHelper.creator(slice.getContext());
- //定义图片来源对象
- ImageSource imageSource;
- Uri[] uris = imageLineItem.getUris();
- FileDescriptor fd = null;
-
- image1.setClickedListener(component1 -> {
- mainAbilitySlice.addAndUpdateMessage(mainAbilitySlice.getMessageDataSize(), String.valueOf(uris[0]),"image");
- mainAbilitySlice.getDialog().destroy();
- });
- image2.setClickedListener(component1 -> {
- mainAbilitySlice.addAndUpdateMessage(mainAbilitySlice.getMessageDataSize(), String.valueOf(uris[1]),"image");
- mainAbilitySlice.getDialog().destroy();
- });
- image3.setClickedListener(component1 -> {
- mainAbilitySlice.addAndUpdateMessage(mainAbilitySlice.getMessageDataSize(), String.valueOf(uris[2]),"image");
- mainAbilitySlice.getDialog().destroy();
- });
-
- try {
- fd = helper.openFile(uris[0], "r");
- } catch (DataAbilityRemoteException | FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- imageSource = ImageSource.create(fd, null);
- //创建位图
- PixelMap pixelMap = imageSource.createPixelmap(null);
- image1.setPixelMap(pixelMap);
- imageSource.release();
- helper.release();
-
- try {
- fd = helper.openFile(uris[1], "r");
- } catch (DataAbilityRemoteException | FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- imageSource = ImageSource.create(fd, null);
- //创建位图
- pixelMap = imageSource.createPixelmap(null);
- image2.setPixelMap(pixelMap);
- imageSource.release();
- helper.release();
-
- try {
- fd = helper.openFile(uris[2], "r");
- } catch (DataAbilityRemoteException | FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- imageSource = ImageSource.create(fd, null);
- //创建位图
- pixelMap = imageSource.createPixelmap(null);
- image3.setPixelMap(pixelMap);
- imageSource.release();
- helper.release();
-
- return cpt;
- }
-
- @Override
- public Component getComponent(int position, Component convertComponent, ComponentContainer componentContainer) {
- return getItemComponent(position);
- }
- }
到此图片获取的方式讲完了,下篇讲前边图片中展示的效果怎么实现。
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