java实现邮件发送_java实现发送邮件

概述

SMTP电子邮件传输的协议：
SMTP是一种提供可靠且有效的电子邮件传输的协议。SMTP是建立在FTP文件传输服务上的一种邮件服务，主要用于系统之间的邮件信息传递，并提供有关来信的通知。SMTP独立于特定的传输子系统，且只需要可靠有序的数据流信道支持，SMTP的重要特性之一是其能跨越网络传输邮件，即“SMTP邮件中继”。使用SMTP，可实现相同网络处理进程之间的邮件传输，也可通过中继器或网关实现某处理进程与其他网络之间的邮件传输。

手把手教java实现邮件发送

第一步：配置邮箱服务

1、以QQ邮箱举例，进入邮箱-设置-账号-POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务，开启SMTP服务

2、开启SMTP服务后会获得授权码，复制为后期配置邮箱password。后期如若修改授权码可进入管理服务-安全设置-POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV 服务（已开启）点击生成授权码
3、进入管理服务-账号设置-默认发信账号，复制默认发信账号为后期配置邮箱username
4、进入管理服务-安全设置-POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV 服务（已开启）点击配置SMTP/IMAP方法，里面有详细配置方法
到这里QQ邮箱配置完成。

第二步：集成邮件依赖

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>
1
2
3
4

第三步：配置文件集成邮箱配置参数

mail.send.from=你的QQ邮箱完整的地址
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
spring.mail.username=默认发信账号
spring.mail.password=授权码
spring.mail.properties.mail.transport.protocol=smtp
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.port=587
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

第四步：编写邮件发送客户端MessageClient

package com.iflytek.email.emailapiservice.commons.message;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

@Slf4j
@Component
public class MessageClient {

    public final static MessageSendResponse serverNotAvailable = new MessageSendResponse(false, "Oops, Email could not be delivered.");
    public final static MessageSendResponse sendSuccessful = new MessageSendResponse(true, "");

    /**
     *  邮件发送方
     */
    @Value("${mail.send.from}")
    public String mailSendFrom;

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    public MessageSendResponse sendEmailMessageNoRequest(String title, String content, String receiver) {

        if (StringUtils.isBlank(receiver)) {
            throw new RuntimeException("email receivers can't be empty");
        }

        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper;

        try {
            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
            helper.setFrom(mailSendFrom);
            helper.setTo(receiver);// 接收者
            helper.setSubject(title);// 邮件主题
            helper.setText(content, true);// 邮件内容, 不是html也没关系
            long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
            mailSender.send(mimeMessage);// 发送邮件
            long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
            log.debug("email send to {} successful, take {} seconds", receiver, (t2 - t1) / 1000);
            return sendSuccessful;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("send email to {} direct got error {}", receiver, e);
            return serverNotAvailable;
        }
    }


    @AllArgsConstructor
    public static class MessageSendResponse {
        private Boolean success;
        private String reason;

        public Boolean isSuccessful() {
            return success;
        }

        public String getReason() {
            return reason;
        }
    }

}

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

第五步：编写controller

package com.iflytek.email.emailapiservice.controller;

import com.iflytek.email.emailapiservice.service.SendEmailDemoService;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/email")
public class SendEmailController {

    @Resource
    private SendEmailDemoService sendEmailDemoService;

    @GetMapping("/test")
    public void sendEmail(){
        sendEmailDemoService.sendEmail();
    }

}

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

第六步：编写service

package com.iflytek.email.emailapiservice.service;

import com.iflytek.email.emailapiservice.commons.message.MessageClient;

public interface SendEmailDemoService {

    MessageClient.MessageSendResponse sendEmail();
}

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

第七步：编写impl

package com.iflytek.email.emailapiservice.service.impl;

import com.iflytek.email.emailapiservice.commons.message.MessageClient;
import com.iflytek.email.emailapiservice.service.SendEmailDemoService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Slf4j
@Service
public class SendEmailDemoServiceImpl implements SendEmailDemoService {

    @Resource
    private MessageClient messageClient;

    @Override
    public MessageClient.MessageSendResponse sendEmail() {
        // 内容
        String content = "发送了一封邮件，此邮件是一封测试邮件，收到请忽略。";
        // 主题
        String title = "邮件主题";
        // 邮件接收者
        String email="XXXXXXXXX@XXX.com";
        MessageClient.MessageSendResponse messageSendResponse = messageClient.sendEmailMessageNoRequest(title, content, email);
        if (!messageSendResponse.isSuccessful()) {
            log.error("messageSendResponse fail");
        }
        return messageSendResponse;
    }
}

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

第八部：测试

到此邮件发送开发完毕。

注：参数，content内容可以根据实际情况修改