麒麟KYSEC使用方法05-命令设置密码强度_麒麟系统怎么设置三道密码

原文链接：麒麟KYSEC使用方法05-命令设置密码强度
hello，大家好啊，今天给大家带来麒麟KYLINOS的kysec使用方法系列文章第五篇内容----使用命令设置密码强度，密码强度策略有两个文件需要修改，pwquality.conf/login.defs，今天给大家介绍一下使用命令设置密码强度的文章，欢迎大家点个赞并点个在看。关注我吧！

1、查看系统信息

pdsyw@pdsyw-pc:~/桌面$ sudo -i
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# cat /etc/.kyinfo 
[dist]
name=Kylin
milestone=Desktop-V10-SP1-General-Release-2303
arch=arm64
beta=False
time=2023-04-27 15:46:53
dist_id=Kylin-Desktop-V10-SP1-General-Release-2303-arm64-2023-04-27 15:46:53

[servicekey]
key=0516013

[os]
to=
term=2024-08-01

root@pdsyw-pc:~# uname -a
Linux pdsyw-pc 5.4.18-85-generic #74-KYLINOS SMP Fri Mar 24 11:20:19 UTC 2023 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
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2、查看推荐的密码策略

3、查看密码策略配置文件

pdsyw@pdsyw-pc:~/桌面$ sudo -i
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# cat /etc/security/pwquality.conf 
# Configuration for systemwide password quality limits
# Defaults:
#
# Number of characters in the new password that must not be present in the
# old password.
# difok = 0
#
# Minimum acceptable size for the new password (plus one if
# credits are not disabled which is the default). (See pam_cracklib manual.)
# minlen = 8
#
# The maximum credit for having digits in the new password. If less than 0
# it is the minimum number of digits in the new password.
# dcredit = 0
#
# The maximum credit for having uppercase characters in the new password.
# If less than 0 it is the minimum number of uppercase characters in the new
# password.
# ucredit = 0
#
# The maximum credit for having lowercase characters in the new password.
# If less than 0 it is the minimum number of lowercase characters in the new
# password.
# lcredit = 0
#
# The maximum credit for having other characters in the new password.
# If less than 0 it is the minimum number of other characters in the new
# password.
# ocredit = 0
#
# The minimum number of required classes of characters for the new
# password (digits, uppercase, lowercase, others).
# minclass = 2
#
# The maximum number of allowed consecutive same characters in the new password.
# The check is disabled if the value is 0.
# maxrepeat = 0
#
# The maximum number of allowed consecutive characters of the same class in the
# new password.
# The check is disabled if the value is 0.
# maxclassrepeat = 0
#
# Whether to check for the words from the passwd entry GECOS string of the user.
# The check is enabled if the value is not 0.
# gecoscheck = 0
#
# Whether to check for the words from the cracklib dictionary.
# The check is enabled if the value is not 0.
# dictcheck = 0
#
# Whether to check if it contains the user name in some form.
# The check is enabled if the value is not 0.
# usercheck = 0
#
# Whether the check is enforced by the PAM module and possibly other
# applications.
# The new password is rejected if it fails the check and the value is not 0.
# enforcing = 1
#
# Path to the cracklib dictionaries. Default is to use the cracklib default.
# dictpath =
#
# Prompt user at most N times before returning with error. The default is 1.
# retry = 1
#
# Enforces pwquality checks on the root user password.
# Enabled if the option is present.
# enforce_for_root
#
# Skip testing the password quality for users that are not present in the
# /etc/passwd file.
# Enabled if the option is present.
# local_users_only
#
# Whether to check the new password is a palindrome or not
# Enabled if the option is present
palindrome
#
# Whether to check the new password is simliar with old one
# Check include only case changes and rotated
# Disabled if the option is present
# no_similar_check
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
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4.1、更改最小长度为9位

root@pdsyw-pc:~# sed -i 's/# minlen = 8/minlen = 9/g' /etc/security/pwquality.conf root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# grep minlen /etc/security/pwquality.conf 
minlen = 9
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
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4.2、更改后的内容

5.1、更改至少包含3类字符

root@pdsyw-pc:~# sed -i 's/# minclass = 2/minclass = 3/g' /etc/security/pwquality.conf 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# grep minclass /etc/security/pwquality.conf 
minclass = 3
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
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5.2、更改后的内容

6.1、更改允许包含用户名

root@pdsyw-pc:~# sed -i 's/# usercheck = 0/usercheck = 0/g' /etc/security/pwquality.conf 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# grep usercheck /etc/security/pwquality.conf 
usercheck = 0
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
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6.2、更改后的内容

7.1、更改不启用回文检查

root@pdsyw-pc:~# sed -i 's/palindrome/#palindrome/g' /etc/security/pwquality.conf 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# grep palindrome /etc/security/pwquality.conf 
# Whether to check the new password is a #palindrome or not
#palindrome
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
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7.2、更改后的内容

8.1、更改不启用相似性检查

root@pdsyw-pc:~# sed -i 's/# no_similar_check/no_similar_check/g' /etc/security/pwquality.conf  
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# grep no_similar /etc/security/pwquality.conf 
no_similar_check
root@pdsyw-pc:~#
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8.2、更改后的内容

9.1、更改不启用密码字典检查

root@pdsyw-pc:~# sed -i 's/# dictcheck = 0/dictcheck = 0/g' /etc/security/pwquality.conf 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# grep dictcheck /etc/security/pwquality.conf 
dictcheck = 0
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
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9.2、更改后的内容

10、查看用户密码策略文件

root@pdsyw-pc:~# cat /etc/login.defs 
#
# /etc/login.defs - Configuration control definitions for the login package.
#
# Three items must be defined:  MAIL_DIR, ENV_SUPATH, and ENV_PATH.
# If unspecified, some arbitrary (and possibly incorrect) value will
# be assumed.  All other items are optional - if not specified then
# the described action or option will be inhibited.
#
# Comment lines (lines beginning with "#") and blank lines are ignored.
#
# Modified for Linux.  --marekm

# REQUIRED for useradd/userdel/usermod
#   Directory where mailboxes reside, _or_ name of file, relative to the
#   home directory.  If you _do_ define MAIL_DIR and MAIL_FILE,
#   MAIL_DIR takes precedence.
#
#   Essentially:
#      - MAIL_DIR defines the location of users mail spool files
#        (for mbox use) by appending the username to MAIL_DIR as defined
#        below.
#      - MAIL_FILE defines the location of the users mail spool files as the
#        fully-qualified filename obtained by prepending the user home
#        directory before $MAIL_FILE
#
# NOTE: This is no more used for setting up users MAIL environment variable
#       which is, starting from shadow 4.0.12-1 in Debian, entirely the
#       job of the pam_mail PAM modules
#       See default PAM configuration files provided for
#       login, su, etc.
#
# This is a temporary situation: setting these variables will soon
# move to /etc/default/useradd and the variables will then be
# no more supported
MAIL_DIR        /var/mail
#MAIL_FILE      .mail

#
# Enable logging and display of /var/log/faillog login failure info.
# This option conflicts with the pam_tally PAM module.
#
FAILLOG_ENAB		yes

#
# Enable display of unknown usernames when login failures are recorded.
#
# WARNING: Unknown usernames may become world readable.
# See #290803 and #298773 for details about how this could become a security
# concern
LOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB	no

#
# Enable logging of successful logins
#
LOG_OK_LOGINS		no

#
# Enable "syslog" logging of su activity - in addition to sulog file logging.
# SYSLOG_SG_ENAB does the same for newgrp and sg.
#
SYSLOG_SU_ENAB		yes
SYSLOG_SG_ENAB		yes

#
# If defined, all su activity is logged to this file.
#
#SULOG_FILE	/var/log/sulog

#
# If defined, file which maps tty line to TERM environment parameter.
# Each line of the file is in a format something like "vt100  tty01".
#
#TTYTYPE_FILE	/etc/ttytype

#
# If defined, login failures will be logged here in a utmp format
# last, when invoked as lastb, will read /var/log/btmp, so...
#
FTMP_FILE	/var/log/btmp

#
# If defined, the command name to display when running "su -".  For
# example, if this is defined as "su" then a "ps" will display the
# command is "-su".  If not defined, then "ps" would display the
# name of the shell actually being run, e.g. something like "-sh".
#
SU_NAME		su

#
# If defined, file which inhibits all the usual chatter during the login
# sequence.  If a full pathname, then hushed mode will be enabled if the
# user's name or shell are found in the file.  If not a full pathname, then
# hushed mode will be enabled if the file exists in the user's home directory.
#
HUSHLOGIN_FILE	.hushlogin
#HUSHLOGIN_FILE	/etc/hushlogins

#
# *REQUIRED*  The default PATH settings, for superuser and normal users.
#
# (they are minimal, add the rest in the shell startup files)
ENV_SUPATH	PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
ENV_PATH	PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games

#
# Terminal permissions
#
#	TTYGROUP	Login tty will be assigned this group ownership.
#	TTYPERM		Login tty will be set to this permission.
#
# If you have a "write" program which is "setgid" to a special group
# which owns the terminals, define TTYGROUP to the group number and
# TTYPERM to 0620.  Otherwise leave TTYGROUP commented out and assign
# TTYPERM to either 622 or 600.
#
# In Debian /usr/bin/bsd-write or similar programs are setgid tty
# However, the default and recommended value for TTYPERM is still 0600
# to not allow anyone to write to anyone else console or terminal

# Users can still allow other people to write them by issuing
# the "mesg y" command.

TTYGROUP	tty
TTYPERM		0600

#
# Login configuration initializations:
#
#	ERASECHAR	Terminal ERASE character ('\010' = backspace).
#	KILLCHAR	Terminal KILL character ('\025' = CTRL/U).
#	UMASK		Default "umask" value.
#
# The ERASECHAR and KILLCHAR are used only on System V machines.
#
# UMASK is the default umask value for pam_umask and is used by
# useradd and newusers to set the mode of the new home directories.
# 022 is the "historical" value in Debian for UMASK
# 027, or even 077, could be considered better for privacy
# There is no One True Answer here : each sysadmin must make up his/her
# mind.
#
# If USERGROUPS_ENAB is set to "yes", that will modify this UMASK default value
# for private user groups, i. e. the uid is the same as gid, and username is
# the same as the primary group name: for these, the user permissions will be
# used as group permissions, e. g. 022 will become 002.
#
# Prefix these values with "0" to get octal, "0x" to get hexadecimal.
#
ERASECHAR	0177
KILLCHAR	025
UMASK		022

#
# Password aging controls:
#
#	PASS_MAX_DAYS	Maximum number of days a password may be used.
#	PASS_MIN_DAYS	Minimum number of days allowed between password changes.
#	PASS_WARN_AGE	Number of days warning given before a password expires.
#
PASS_MAX_DAYS	99999
PASS_MIN_DAYS	0
PASS_WARN_AGE	7

#
# Min/max values for automatic uid selection in useradd
#
UID_MIN			 1000
UID_MAX			60000
# System accounts
#SYS_UID_MIN		  100
#SYS_UID_MAX		  999

#
# Min/max values for automatic gid selection in groupadd
#
GID_MIN			 1000
GID_MAX			60000
# System accounts
#SYS_GID_MIN		  100
#SYS_GID_MAX		  999

#
# Max number of login retries if password is bad. This will most likely be
# overriden by PAM, since the default pam_unix module has it's own built
# in of 3 retries. However, this is a safe fallback in case you are using
# an authentication module that does not enforce PAM_MAXTRIES.
#
LOGIN_RETRIES		5

#
# Max time in seconds for login
#
LOGIN_TIMEOUT		60

#
# Which fields may be changed by regular users using chfn - use
# any combination of letters "frwh" (full name, room number, work
# phone, home phone).  If not defined, no changes are allowed.
# For backward compatibility, "yes" = "rwh" and "no" = "frwh".
#
CHFN_RESTRICT		rwh

#
# Should login be allowed if we can't cd to the home directory?
# Default in no.
#
DEFAULT_HOME	yes

#
# If defined, this command is run when removing a user.
# It should remove any at/cron/print jobs etc. owned by
# the user to be removed (passed as the first argument).
#
#USERDEL_CMD	/usr/sbin/userdel_local

#
# Enable setting of the umask group bits to be the same as owner bits
# (examples: 022 -> 002, 077 -> 007) for non-root users, if the uid is
# the same as gid, and username is the same as the primary group name.
#
# If set to yes, userdel will remove the user's group if it contains no
# more members, and useradd will create by default a group with the name
# of the user.
#
USERGROUPS_ENAB yes

#
# Instead of the real user shell, the program specified by this parameter
# will be launched, although its visible name (argv[0]) will be the shell's.
# The program may do whatever it wants (logging, additional authentification,
# banner, ...) before running the actual shell.
#
# FAKE_SHELL /bin/fakeshell

#
# If defined, either full pathname of a file containing device names or
# a ":" delimited list of device names.  Root logins will be allowed only
# upon these devices.
#
# This variable is used by login and su.
#
#CONSOLE	/etc/consoles
#CONSOLE	console:tty01:tty02:tty03:tty04

#
# List of groups to add to the user's supplementary group set
# when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE
# setting).  Default is none.
#
# Use with caution - it is possible for users to gain permanent
# access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console.
# How to do it is left as an exercise for the reader...
#
# This variable is used by login and su.
#
#CONSOLE_GROUPS		floppy:audio:cdrom

#
# If set to "yes", new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5-based
# algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD.
# It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings.
# Set to "no" if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems
# which don't understand the new algorithm.  Default is "no".
#
# This variable is deprecated. You should use ENCRYPT_METHOD.
#
#MD5_CRYPT_ENAB	no

#
# If set to MD5 , MD5-based algorithm will be used for encrypting password
# If set to SHA256, SHA256-based algorithm will be used for encrypting password
# If set to SHA512, SHA512-based algorithm will be used for encrypting password
# If set to DES, DES-based algorithm will be used for encrypting password (default)
# Overrides the MD5_CRYPT_ENAB option
#
# Note: It is recommended to use a value consistent with
# the PAM modules configuration.
#
ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512

#
# Only used if ENCRYPT_METHOD is set to SHA256 or SHA512.
#
# Define the number of SHA rounds.
# With a lot of rounds, it is more difficult to brute forcing the password.
# But note also that it more CPU resources will be needed to authenticate
# users.
#
# If not specified, the libc will choose the default number of rounds (5000).
# The values must be inside the 1000-999999999 range.
# If only one of the MIN or MAX values is set, then this value will be used.
# If MIN > MAX, the highest value will be used.
#
# SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS 5000
# SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS 5000

################# OBSOLETED BY PAM ##############
#						#
# These options are now handled by PAM. Please	#
# edit the appropriate file in /etc/pam.d/ to	#
# enable the equivelants of them.
#
###############

#MOTD_FILE
#DIALUPS_CHECK_ENAB
#LASTLOG_ENAB
#MAIL_CHECK_ENAB
#OBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB
#PORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB
#SU_WHEEL_ONLY
#CRACKLIB_DICTPATH
#PASS_CHANGE_TRIES
#PASS_ALWAYS_WARN
#ENVIRON_FILE
#NOLOGINS_FILE
#ISSUE_FILE
#PASS_MIN_LEN
#PASS_MAX_LEN
#ULIMIT
#ENV_HZ
#CHFN_AUTH
#CHSH_AUTH
#FAIL_DELAY

################# OBSOLETED #######################
#						  #
# These options are no more handled by shadow.    #
#                                                 #
# Shadow utilities will display a warning if they #
# still appear.                                   #
#                                                 #
###################################################

# CLOSE_SESSIONS
# LOGIN_STRING
# NO_PASSWORD_CONSOLE
# QMAIL_DIR



root@pdsyw-pc:~#
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11.1、更改密码有效时间为90天

root@pdsyw-pc:~# sed -i '/^PASS_MAX_DAYS/c\PASS_MAX_DAYS   90' /etc/login.defs 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# grep PASS_MAX_DAYS /etc/login.defs 
#	PASS_MAX_DAYS	Maximum number of days a password may be used.
PASS_MAX_DAYS   90
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
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11.2、更改后的内容

12.1、更改密码到期警告为15天

root@pdsyw-pc:~# sed -i '/^PASS_WARN_AGE/c\PASS_WARN_AGE   15' /etc/login.defs 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
root@pdsyw-pc:~# grep PASS_WARN_AGE  /etc/login.defs 
#	PASS_WARN_AGE	Number of days warning given before a password expires.
PASS_WARN_AGE   15
root@pdsyw-pc:~# 
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