Raspberry-Pi-PICO系列--第七篇 创建自己的工程_树莓派pico cmakelists

一、目的

        细心的朋友可能会发现官方提供了pico-examples仓库，示例代码都是作为一个文件夹的形式放在此仓库下，那么如果我们自己创建一个工程，是不是一定要放在这个仓库下呢？

答案是否定的，我们完全可以自己创建一个文件夹，然后添加源码文件和CMakeLists.txt文件就可以做到。

二、准备

我们先创建一个目录用于存放我们工程

$ mkdir -p ~/workspace/work/pico/blink

添加代码文件后如下

$ tree
.
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── main
│   └── main.c
└── pico_sdk_import.cmake
 
1 directory, 3 files

main.c文件其实就是pico-examples/blink/blink.c文件

pico_sdk_import.cmake文件是从pico-sdk中拷贝过来的

$ cp $PICO_SDK_PATH/external/pico_sdk_import.cmake .

        我们主要看一下CMakeLists.txt文件内容

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)
include(pico_sdk_import.cmake)
project(blink C CXX ASM)
pico_sdk_init()
 
add_executable(blink
        main/main.c
        )
 
# pull in common dependencies
target_link_libraries(blink pico_stdlib)
 
# create map/bin/hex file etc.
pico_add_extra_outputs(blink)

         其中cmake_minimum_requiresd指定cmake的最低版本；

        include指定需要包含pico-sdk里面的cmake依赖文件；

        project指定工程名以及编译此工程时涉及到的语言，包括C/C++/ASM；

        pico_sdk_init初始化pico sdk；

        add_executable指定需要编译的源码文件；

        target_link_libraries告诉cmake最终的blink需要链接pico_stdlib库文件；

        pico_add_extra_outpus告诉cmake需要生成一些额外的文件，包括map/bin/hex文件以及blink.uf2文件 ；

三、实战

        下面我们开始配置工程

$ cd ~/workspace/work/pico/blink
$ mkdir build
$ cd build/
$ cmake ..

Using PICO_SDK_PATH from environment ('/Users/你的用户名/workspace/third/raspberry_pi_pico/pico-sdk')
PICO_SDK_PATH is /Users/你的用户名/workspace/third/raspberry_pi_pico/pico-sdk
Defaulting PICO_PLATFORM to rp2040 since not specified.
Defaulting PICO platform compiler to pico_arm_gcc since not specified.
-- Defaulting build type to 'Release' since not specified.
PICO compiler is pico_arm_gcc
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 10.3.1
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 10.3.1
-- The ASM compiler identification is GNU
-- Found assembler: /Users/你的用户名/workspace/third/raspberry_pi_pico/toolchain/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc
Defaulting PICO target board to pico since not specified.
Using board configuration from /Users/你的用户名/workspace/third/raspberry_pi_pico/pico-sdk/src/boards/include/boards/pico.h
-- Found Python3: /usr/local/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/bin/python3.9 (found version "3.9.2") found components: Interpreter
TinyUSB available at /Users/你的用户名/workspace/third/raspberry_pi_pico/pico-sdk/lib/tinyusb/src/portable/raspberrypi/rp2040; enabling build support for USB.
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /Users/你的用户名/workspace/work/pico/blink/build

       如果需要编译出debug版本，可以执行以下命令

$ cmake  -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug ..

        开始编译

$ make

        编译后输出

你的用户名@bogon:~/workspace/work/pico/blink/build$make
Scanning dependencies of target ELF2UF2Build
[  1%] Creating directories for 'ELF2UF2Build'
[  3%] No download step for 'ELF2UF2Build'
[  5%] No update step for 'ELF2UF2Build'
[  6%] No patch step for 'ELF2UF2Build'
[  8%] Performing configure step for 'ELF2UF2Build'
-- The C compiler identification is AppleClang 13.0.0.13000029
-- The CXX compiler identification is AppleClang 13.0.0.13000029
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/cc - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++ - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /Users/你的用户名/workspace/work/pico/blink/build/elf2uf2
[ 10%] Performing build step for 'ELF2UF2Build'
Scanning dependencies of target elf2uf2
[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/elf2uf2.dir/main.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX executable elf2uf2
[100%] Built target elf2uf2
[ 11%] No install step for 'ELF2UF2Build'
[ 13%] Completed 'ELF2UF2Build'
[ 13%] Built target ELF2UF2Build
Scanning dependencies of target bs2_default
[ 15%] Building ASM object pico-sdk/src/rp2_common/boot_stage2/CMakeFiles/bs2_default.dir/compile_time_choice.S.obj
[ 16%] Linking ASM executable bs2_default.elf
[ 16%] Built target bs2_default
Scanning dependencies of target bs2_default_padded_checksummed_asm
[ 18%] Generating bs2_default.bin
[ 20%] Generating bs2_default_padded_checksummed.S
[ 20%] Built target bs2_default_padded_checksummed_asm
Scanning dependencies of target blink
[ 22%] Building C object CMakeFiles/blink.dir/main/main.c.obj
[ 23%] Building C object CMakeFiles/blink.dir/Users/你的用户名/workspace/third/raspberry_pi_pico/pico-sdk/src/rp2_common/pico_stdlib/stdlib.c.obj
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[ 76%] Building C object CMakeFiles/blink.dir/Users/你的用户名/workspace/third/raspberry_pi_pico/pico-sdk/src/rp2_common/pico_double/double_math.c.obj
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[ 91%] Building ASM object CMakeFiles/blink.dir/Users/你的用户名/workspace/third/raspberry_pi_pico/pico-sdk/src/rp2_common/pico_standard_link/crt0.S.obj
[ 93%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/blink.dir/Users/你的用户名/workspace/third/raspberry_pi_pico/pico-sdk/src/rp2_common/pico_standard_link/new_delete.cpp.obj
[ 94%] Building C object CMakeFiles/blink.dir/Users/你的用户名/workspace/third/raspberry_pi_pico/pico-sdk/src/rp2_common/pico_standard_link/binary_info.c.obj
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[100%] Linking CXX executable blink.elf
[100%] Built target blink

        我们查看以下build目录下的内容

$ tree -L 1
.
├── CMakeCache.txt
├── CMakeFiles
├── Makefile
├── blink.bin
├── blink.dis
├── blink.elf
├── blink.elf.map
├── blink.hex
├── blink.uf2
├── cmake_install.cmake
├── elf2uf2
├── generated
└── pico-sdk

        其中blink.elf/blink.uf2/blink.bin就是我们的固件文件（只需要烧写其中任何一个）。

关于烧写步骤参考其他博文中的说明，都是一样的过程，此处不再赘述

下篇我们将介绍如何通过SWD烧写和调试程序。