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下载wget命令sudo apt-get install wget
cd到你想要安装hive的文件夹,例如我这里是cd /usr/local
修改文件权限(注意这里的hadoop是当前用户名,格式应为用户名:用户名)
修改/usr/local/hive/conf下的hive-site.xml,将hive-default.xml.template重命名为hive-default.xml
下载mysql-connector-java-5.1.40到/usr/local
将mysql-connector-java-5.1.40-bin.jar拷贝到/usr/local/hive/lib目录下
配置MySQL允许Hive接入(mysql用户hive,密码hive)
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
输入Y,中途会要求输入数据库账户密码等,如果没有要求设置数据库密码,请执行以下命令
- service mysql start
- mysql -u root -p
登录mysql后,修改密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';
刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
重新登陆
exit;
sudo apt-get install wget
cd /usr/local
sudo wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hive/hive-3.1.3/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin.tar.gz
sudo tar -zxvf apache-hive-3.1.3-bin.tar.gz
sudo mv apache-hive-3.1.3-bin hive
sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop hive
vim ~/.bashrc
- export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive #hive文件夹的路径
- export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
- export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop #hadoop文件夹的路径
source ~/.bashrc
- cd /usr/local/hive/conf #进入/hive/conf文件夹
- mv hive-default.xml.template hive-default.xml
vim hive-site.xml
在hive-site.xml中添加如下配置信息:
Hive中metastore(元数据存储)的三种方式:
a)内嵌Derby方式
b)Local方式
c)Remote方式
这种方式是最简单的存储方式,只需要在hive-site.xml做如下配置便可
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
-
- <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
-
-
-
- <configuration>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
-
- <value>jdbc:derby:;databaseName=metastore_db;create=true</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
-
- <value>org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>hive.metastore.local</name>
-
- <value>true</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
-
- <value>/usr/local/hive/warehouse</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
-
-
- </configuration>
注:使用derby存储方式时,运行hive会在当前目录生成一个derby文件和一个metastore_db目录。这种存储方式的弊端是在同一个目录下同时只能有一个hive客户端能使用数据库,否则会提示如下错误
[html] view plaincopyprint?
hive> show tables;
FAILED: Error in metadata: javax.jdo.JDOFatalDataStoreException: Failed to start database 'metastore_db', see the next exception for details.
NestedThrowables:
java.sql.SQLException: Failed to start database 'metastore_db', see the next exception for details.
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask
hive> show tables;
FAILED: Error in metadata: javax.jdo.JDOFatalDataStoreException: Failed to start database 'metastore_db', see the next exception for details.
NestedThrowables:
java.sql.SQLException: Failed to start database 'metastore_db', see the next exception for details.
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask
这种存储方式需要在本地运行一个mysql服务器,并作如下配置(下面两种使用mysql的方式,需要将mysql的jar包拷贝到$HIVE_HOME/lib目录下(前面已安装mysql))。
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
-
- <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
-
-
-
- <configuration>
-
- <property>
-
- <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
-
- <value>/usr/local/hive_remote/warehouse</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>hive.metastore.local</name>
-
- <value>true</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
-
- <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost/hive_remote?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
-
- <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
-
- <value>hive</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
-
- <value>password</value>
-
- </property>
-
- </configuration>
[ERROR] Terminal initialization failed; falling back to unsupported
java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: Found class jline.Terminal, but interface was expected
at jline.TerminalFactory.create(TerminalFactory.java:101)
错误的原因: Hadoop jline版本和hive的jline不一致
这种存储方式需要在远端服务器运行一个mysql服务器,并且需要在Hive服务器启动meta服务。
这里用mysql的测试服务器,ip位192.168.1.214,新建hive_remote数据库,字符集位latine1
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
-
- <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
-
-
-
- <configuration>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
-
- <value>/usr/local/hive/warehouse</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
-
- <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.57.6:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
-
- <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
-
- <value>hive</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
-
- <value>password</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>hive.metastore.local</name>
-
- <value>false</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
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- <value>thrift://192.168.1.188:9083</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- </configuration>
注:这里把hive的服务端和客户端都放在同一台服务器上了。服务端和客户端可以拆开,
将hive-site.xml配置文件拆为如下两部分
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
-
- <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
-
-
-
- <configuration>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
-
- <value>/usr/local/hive/warehouse</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
-
- <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.57.6:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
-
- <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
-
- <value>root</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
-
- <value>123456</value>
-
- </property>
-
- </configuration>
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
-
- <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
-
-
-
- <configuration>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
-
- <value>/usr/local/hive/warehouse</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>hive.metastore.local</name>
-
- <value>false</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- <property>
-
- <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
-
- <value>thrift://192.168.57.5:9083</value>
-
- </property>
-
-
-
- </configuration>
客户端启动的时候要注意:
[ERROR] Terminal initialization failed; falling back to unsupported
java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: Found class jline.Terminal, but interface was expected
at jline.TerminalFactory.create(TerminalFactory.java:101)
错误的原因: Hadoop jline版本和hive的jline不一致
- cd /usr/local
- sudo wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/3/file/mysql-connector-java-5.1.40.tar.gz
sudo tar -zxvf mysql-connector-java-5.1.40.tar.gz
cp /usr/local/mysql-connector-java-5.1.40/mysql-connector-java-5.1.40-bin.jar /usr/local/hive/lib
- service mysql start
- mysql -u root -p
create database hive;
- grant all on *.* to hive@localhost identified by 'hive';
- flush privileges;
- exit;
- cd /usr/local/hive
- ./bin/schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql
可能会出现错误 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument(ZLjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;)V原因是hive/lib中的guava包版本与/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib中的guava包版本不匹配,将hadoop中的guava包替换到hive中,执行以下命令
- cp /usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib/guava-27.0-jre.jar /usr/local/hive/lib
- rm -rf /usr/local/hive/lib/guava-19.0.jar
重新执行命令升级元数据
- cd /usr/local/hive
- ./bin/schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql
输出一段文字的最后出现如下字样即升级完成
hive
如果有过多警告信息,如图可在hive/conf下新建log4j.properties日志的配置文件
- cd /usr/local/hive/conf
- vim /usr/local/hive/conf/log4j.properties
添加以下内容
- log4j.rootLogger=ERROR, CA
- log4j.appender.CA=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
- log4j.appender.CA.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
- log4j.appender.CA.layout.ConversionPattern=%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n
重启hive即可
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