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elasticsearch之exists查询_es exists
作者：Guff_9hys | 2024-07-10 18:56:04
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es exists
一、exists查询简介
elastic search提供了exists查询，用以返回字段存在值的记录，默认情况下只有字段的值为null或者[]的时候，elasticsearch才会认为字段不存在；
exists查询的形式如下，其中field用于指定要查询的字段名字；
{
"query": {
"exists": {
"field": "user"
}
}
}
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二、测试数据准备
我们尽量模拟document中字段可能出现的各种形式，以便可以全面的测试以下exists查询；
PUT exists_test/_doc/1/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/2/ { "name":"", "age":30, "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/3/ { "name":null, "age":30, "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/4/ { "age":30, "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/5/ { "name":"sam", "age":null, "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/6/ { "name":"sam", "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/7/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": null, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/8/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/9/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": true, "child":["", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/10/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": true, "child":["", ""], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/11/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": true, "child":[null, "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/12/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": true, "child":[null, null], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/13/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": true, "child":[], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/14/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": true, "child":null, "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/15/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": true, "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/16/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{} } PUT exists_test/_doc/17/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":null } PUT exists_test/_doc/18/ { "name":"sam", "age":30, "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"] } PUT exists_test/_doc/19/ { "name":"sam", "age":0, "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/20/ { "name":"-", "age":30, "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} } PUT exists_test/_doc/21/ { "name":";", "age":30, "man": true, "child":["jhon", "lily"], "address":{"country":"US"} }
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三、exists查询测试
对于字符串类型字段，当字段没有出现、字段值为null的情况下，则该字段不存在；字段值为空则计算为字段存在；
POST exists_test/_doc/_search/ { "query":{ "bool":{ "must_not":{ "exists":{ "field":"name" } } } } } { "took":3, "timed_out":false, "_shards":{ "total":5, "successful":5, "skipped":0, "failed":0 }, "hits":{ "total":2, "max_score":1, "hits":[ { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"4", "_score":1, "_source":{ "age":30, "man":true, "child":[ "jhon", "lily" ], "address":{ "country":"US" } } }, { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"3", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":null, "age":30, "man":true, "child":[ "jhon", "lily" ], "address":{ "country":"US" } } } ] } }
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对于数字类型字段，当字段没有出现、字段值为null的情况下，则该字段不存在；
POST exists_test/_doc/_search/ { "query":{ "bool":{ "must_not":{ "exists":{ "field":"age" } } } } } { "took":1, "timed_out":false, "_shards":{ "total":5, "successful":5, "skipped":0, "failed":0 }, "hits":{ "total":2, "max_score":1, "hits":[ { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"5", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":"sam", "age":null, "man":true, "child":[ "jhon", "lily" ], "address":{ "country":"US" } } }, { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"6", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":"sam", "man":true, "child":[ "jhon", "lily" ], "address":{ "country":"US" } } } ] } }
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对于布尔类型字段，当字段没有出现、字段值为null的情况下，则该字段不存在；
POST exists_test/_doc/_search/ { "query":{ "bool":{ "must_not":{ "exists":{ "field":"man" } } } } } { "took":1, "timed_out":false, "_shards":{ "total":5, "successful":5, "skipped":0, "failed":0 }, "hits":{ "total":2, "max_score":1, "hits":[ { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"8", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":"sam", "age":30, "child":[ "jhon", "lily" ], "address":{ "country":"US" } } }, { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"7", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":"sam", "age":30, "man":null, "child":[ "jhon", "lily" ], "address":{ "country":"US" } } } ] } }
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对于数组类型字段，只要字段没有出现、字段值为null、字段值为空数组、字段值数组的所有元素都为null，则该字段不存在；
POST exists_test/_doc/_search/ { "query":{ "bool":{ "must_not":{ "exists":{ "field":"child" } } } } } { "took":1, "timed_out":false, "_shards":{ "total":5, "successful":5, "skipped":0, "failed":0 }, "hits":{ "total":4, "max_score":1, "hits":[ { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"14", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":"sam", "age":30, "man":true, "child":null, "address":{ "country":"US" } } }, { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"12", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":"sam", "age":30, "man":true, "child":[ null, null ], "address":{ "country":"US" } } }, { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"15", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":"sam", "age":30, "man":true, "address":{ "country":"US" } } }, { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"13", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":"sam", "age":30, "man":true, "child":[ ], "address":{ "country":"US" } } } ] } }
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对于对象字段，只要字段没有出现、字段值是空对象、字段值为null，则该字段不存在；
POST exists_test/_doc/_search/ { "query":{ "bool":{ "must_not":{ "exists":{ "field":"address" } } } } } { "took":40, "timed_out":false, "_shards":{ "total":5, "successful":5, "skipped":0, "failed":0 }, "hits":{ "total":3, "max_score":1, "hits":[ { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"16", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":"sam", "age":30, "man":true, "child":[ "jhon", "lily" ], "address":{ } } }, { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"18", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":"sam", "age":30, "man":true, "child":[ "jhon", "lily" ] } }, { "_index":"exists_test", "_type":"_doc", "_id":"17", "_score":1, "_source":{ "name":"sam", "age":30, "man":true, "child":[ "jhon", "lily" ], "address":null } } ] } }
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四、测试总结
elasticsearch对于各种类型字段判断字段是否存在的判断条件如下
1.对于字符串类型字段，当字段没有出现、字段值为null的情况下，则该字段不存在；字段值为空则计算为字段存在；
2.对于数字类型字段，当字段没有出现、字段值为null的情况下，则该字段不存在；
3.对于布尔类型字段，当字段没有出现、字段值为null的情况下，则该字段不存在；
4.对于数组类型字段，只要字段没有出现、字段值为null、字段值为空数组、字段值数组的所有元素都为null，则该字段不存在；
5.对于对象字段，只要字段没有出现、字段值是空对象、字段值为null，则该字段不存在；
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