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实现私聊和群聊两个功能,要在web端实现想微信QQ那样的即时通讯的功能,我们需要了解一下websocket。
websocket是一种可以双向通讯的长连接协议,http是获取完数据就关闭,websocket则可以一直连接,就像铺了一条管道一样,水可以一直流着。
一、websocket前端
- var ws = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1.com:8282");
- ws.onopen=function(){
- var msg = JSON.stringify({
- type: "login",
- content: "login"
- });
- ws.send(msg);
- }
-
- ws.onmessage = function (e){
- console.log(e);
- //服务器发送的内容
- var res = JSON.parse(e.data);
- switch(res.type){
- case "login":
-
- break;
- case "pm":
-
- break;
- case "groupPm":
-
- break;
-
- }
- }
- ws.onerror=function (e){
- console.log(e);
- }
- ws.onclose=function (e){
- console.log(e);
- }

二、服务端
客户端发送http请求,带上Sec-WebSocket-Key,
服务端握手 加密key,发送给客户端。
双方能进行交流。
发送接收消息需要进行打包encode 解包decode。
- <?php
-
- class SocketService
- {
- public $host="tcp://0.0.0.0:8000";
- private $address;
- private $port;
- private $_sockets;
- public $clients;
- public $maxid=1000;
- public function __construct($address = '', $port='')
- {
- if(!empty($address)){
- $this->address = $address;
- }
- if(!empty($port)) {
- $this->port = $port;
- }
- }
-
- public function onConnect($client_id){
- echo "Client client_id:{$client_id} n";
-
- }
-
- public function onMessage($client_id,$msg){
- //发给所有的
- foreach($this->clients as $kk=>$cc){
- if($kk>0){
- $this->send($cc, $msg);
- }
- }
- }
-
- public function onClose($client_id){
- echo "$client_id close n";
- }
-
- public function service(){
- //获取tcp协议号码。
- $tcp = getprotobyname("tcp");
- $sock = stream_socket_server($this->host, $errno, $errstr);;
-
- if(!$sock)
- {
- throw new Exception("failed to create socket: ".socket_strerror($sock)."n");
- }
- stream_set_blocking($sock,0);
- $this->_sockets = $sock;
- echo "listen on $this->address $this->host ... n";
- }
-
- public function run(){
- $this->service();
- $this->clients[] = $this->_sockets;
- while (true){
- $changes = $this->clients;
- //$write = NULL;
- //$except = NULL;
- stream_select($changes, $write, $except, NULL);
- foreach ($changes as $key => $_sock){
- if($this->_sockets == $_sock){ //判断是不是新接入的socket
- if(($newClient = stream_socket_accept($_sock)) === false){
- unset($this->clients[$key]);
- continue;
- }
- $line = trim(stream_socket_recvfrom($newClient, 1024));
- //握手
- $this->handshaking($newClient, $line);
- $this->maxid++;
- $this->clients[$this->maxid] = $newClient;
- $this->onConnect($this->maxid);
- } else {
- $res=@stream_socket_recvfrom($_sock, 2048);
- //客户端主动关闭
- if(strlen($res) < 9) {
- stream_socket_shutdown($this->clients[$key],STREAM_SHUT_RDWR);
- unset($this->clients[$key]);
- $this->onClose($key);
- }else{
- //解密
- $msg = $this->decode($res);
- $this->onMessage($key,$msg);
- }
-
-
- }
- }
- }
- }
-
- /**
- * 握手处理
- * @param $newClient socket
- * @return int 接收到的信息
- */
- public function handshaking($newClient, $line){
-
- $headers = array();
- $lines = preg_split("/rn/", $line);
- foreach($lines as $line)
- {
- $line = chop($line);
- if(preg_match('/A(S+): (.*)z/', $line, $matches))
- {
- $headers[$matches[1]] = $matches[2];
- }
- }
- $secKey = $headers['Sec-WebSocket-Key'];
- $secAccept = base64_encode(pack('H*', sha1($secKey . '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11')));
- $upgrade = "HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshakern" .
- "Upgrade: websocketrn" .
- "Connection: Upgradern" .
- "WebSocket-Origin: $this->addressrn" .
- "WebSocket-Location: ws://$this->address:$this->port/websocket/websocketrn".
- "Sec-WebSocket-Accept:$secAcceptrnrn";
- return stream_socket_sendto($newClient, $upgrade);
- }
-
-
-
-
- /**
- * 发送数据
- * @param $newClinet 新接入的socket
- * @param $msg 要发送的数据
- * @return int|string
- */
- public function send($newClinet, $msg){
- $msg = $this->encode($msg);
- stream_socket_sendto($newClinet, $msg);
- }
- /**
- * 解析接收数据
- * @param $buffer
- * @return null|string
- */
- public function decode($buffer){
- $len = $masks = $data = $decoded = null;
- $len = ord($buffer[1]) & 127;
- if ($len === 126) {
- $masks = substr($buffer, 4, 4);
- $data = substr($buffer, 8);
- } else if ($len === 127) {
- $masks = substr($buffer, 10, 4);
- $data = substr($buffer, 14);
- } else {
- $masks = substr($buffer, 2, 4);
- $data = substr($buffer, 6);
- }
- for ($index = 0; $index < strlen($data); $index++) {
- $decoded .= $data[$index] ^ $masks[$index % 4];
- }
- return $decoded;
- }
-
-
- /**
- *打包消息
- **/
- public function encode($buffer) {
- $first_byte="x81";
- $len=strlen($buffer);
- if ($len <= 125) {
- $encode_buffer = $first_byte . chr($len) . $buffer;
- } else {
- if ($len <= 65535) {
- $encode_buffer = $first_byte . chr(126) . pack("n", $len) . $buffer;
- } else {
- $encode_buffer = $first_byte . chr(127) . pack("xxxxN", $len) . $buffer;
- }
- }
- return $encode_buffer;
- }
-
- /**
- * 关闭socket
- */
- public function close(){
- return socket_close($this->_sockets);
- }
- }
-
- $sock = new SocketService('127.0.0.1','9000');
- $sock->run();

三、常见应用
1.聊天室、群聊 实现类似QQ群的web版本
http://2.im私聊、客服 实现类似qq聊天,和即时客服交流
3.消息推送 建立即时的web消息推送
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