详解centos系统上安装mysql8_centos8 安装教程mysql8.2

一、准备工作

• 1、更新包

  yum update   
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• 2、查看是否已经安装过mysql

  rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
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• 3、删除mysql

  yum -y remove MySQL-*
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• 4、删除配置文件

  rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
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• 5、删除默认密码

  rm -rf /root/.mysql_sercret
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二、安装mysql

• 1、进入usr目录并且创建目录

  cd /usr
  mkdir soft
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• 2、配置mysql的安装源

  sudo rpm -Uvh https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
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• 3 、解密密钥过期的问题

rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023

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• 4、安装mysql

  sudo yum --enablerepo=mysql80-community install mysql-community-server
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• 5、启动mysql

  sudo service mysqld start
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• 6、查看状态

  service mysqld status
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  [root@iZwz9et2qekjwu8mwmxgxhZ usr]# service mysqld status
  Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
  ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Thu 2021-07-01 16:23:53 CST; 8s ago
       Docs: man:mysqld(8)
             http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
    Process: 1171 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 1252 (mysqld)
     Status: "Server is operational"
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
             └─1252 /usr/sbin/mysqld
  
  Jul 01 16:23:44 iZwz9et2qekjwu8mwmxgxhZ systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
  Jul 01 16:23:53 iZwz9et2qekjwu8mwmxgxhZ systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
  [root@iZwz9et2qekjwu8mwmxgxhZ usr]# 
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三、修改密码和远程登录配置

• 1、查看临时密码

  grep "A temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log
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• 2、使用临时密码登录

  mysql -uroot -p
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• 3、修改数据库密码(直接修改这样的简单密码会报错的，因为密码策略的问题，必须包括:[大小写字母+数据+符号])

  # 简单密码
  ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
  # 符合标准的密码
  ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Aa@123456';
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• 4、查看密码策略(要先修改密码才能执行)

  SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password.%';
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  mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password.%';
  +--------------------------------------+--------+
  | Variable_name                        | Value  |
  +--------------------------------------+--------+
  | validate_password.check_user_name    | ON     |
  | validate_password.dictionary_file    |        |
  | validate_password.length             | 8      |
  | validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1      |
  | validate_password.number_count       | 1      |
  | validate_password.policy             | MEDIUM |
  | validate_password.special_char_count | 1      |
  +--------------------------------------+--------+
  7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
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  • validate_password.length 是密码的最小长度，默认是8，我们把它改成6

    set global validate_password.length=6;
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  • validate_password.policy 验证密码的复杂程度，我们把它改成0

    set global validate_password.policy=0;
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  • validate_password.check_user_name 用户名检查，用户名和密码不能相同，我们也把它关掉

    set global validate_password.check_user_name=off;
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• 5、这时候可以修改为简单密码了(简单密码只适合玩玩的数据库密码，不适合生产项目)

• 6、配置远程可以登录

  CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
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• 7、刷新配置

  FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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• 8、直接在远程使用navicat连接

• 9、赋权限

  # mysql8之前是这样的
  GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;
  # mysql8之后是这样的
  grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' with grant option;
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• 10、补充内容，设置mysql开机启动

  systemctl start mysqld
  systemctl enable mysqld
  systemctl daemon-reload
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• 11、停止mysql

  systemctl stop mysqld
  # or 
  service mysqld stop
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四、使用docker安装mysql8

• 1、下载mysql

  docker pull mysql
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• 2、查看已经安装的mysql版本

  docker image inspect mysql:latest | grep -i version
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• 3、在宿主机创建放置mysql的配置文件的目录和数据目录，并且进行授权

  mkdir -p /usr/mysql/conf /usr/mysql/data
  chmod -R 755 /usr/mysql/
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• 4、创建配置文件

  vim /usr/mysql/conf/my.cnf
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  [client]
  
  #socket = /usr/mysql/mysqld.sock
  
  default-character-set = utf8mb4
  
  [mysqld]
  
  #pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
  
  #socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
  
  #datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
  
  #socket = /usr/mysql/mysqld.sock
  
  #pid-file = /usr/mysql/mysqld.pid
  
  datadir = /usr/mysql/data
  
  character_set_server = utf8mb4
  
  collation_server = utf8mb4_general_ci
  
  secure-file-priv= NULL
  
  # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
  
  symbolic-links=0
  
  # Custom config should go here
  
  !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
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• 5、启动容器(注意是一行的)

  docker run --restart=unless-stopped -d --name mysql -v /usr/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf -v 
  /usr/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql
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  docker run --restart=unless-stopped -d --name mysql \
  -v /usr/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf \
  -v /usr/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
  -p 3306:3306 \
  -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
  -e TZ=Asia/Shanghai \
  mysql
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• 6、查看启动的容器

  docker ps -a
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• 7、进入容器中赋权远程连接

  # 进入容器
  docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash
  # 进入mysql
  mysql -uroot -p
  # 修改权限
  grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' with grant option;
  # 最后别忘记刷新
  FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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• 8、在容器中创建一个数据库，在客户端连接是否可以看到新的数据库

  create database docker_test;
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  五、如果你使用node项目连接mysql的时候会报错，需要以下几步

• 1、更改加密方式，更改为自己的密码

  ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
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• 2、再次修改下密码

  ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
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• 3、刷新