赞
踩
大家好,最近从事培训工作碰到一个练习题,利用Fragment编写简易新闻界面,并且布局能同时适应手机和平板电脑,这是书本上的一个练习题,题目本身没多大难度,个人觉得作者代码的模块化做得比较好,所以拿出来分享,同时自己学习也复习、巩固一下。
首先大体介绍下界面布局,如下图:
分为手机、平板两个界面:
对于手机界面是个ListView,各个项显示新闻标题,点击某ListView的某一项跳转到另一个Activity显示新闻正文;
对于平板电脑界面,左边是个ListView,用于显示新闻标题,右边是垂直摆放的两个TextView,分别显示新闻标题和新闻内容,这两边都是Fragment。
下面介绍代码,布局的具体实现。
1、新建News.java类,用于管理储存、获取新闻数据的类,代码如下:
- package com.gta.newsapptest;
-
- public class News {
- private String title;
- private String content;
- public News() {
- }
-
- public String getTitle(){
- return this.title;
- }
-
- public String getContent(){
- return content;
- }
-
- public void setTitle(String title){
- this.title = title;
- }
-
- public void setContent(String content){
- this.content = content;
- }
- }

2、在Layout文件下新建new_item.xml,此文件会被加载到ListView的单项中,里面只是一个TextView,用于显示新闻标题,代码如下:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical" >
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/news_title"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:singleLine="true"
- android:ellipsize="end"
- android:textSize="18sp"
- android:paddingLeft="10dp"
- android:paddingTop="15dp"
- android:paddingRight="10dp"
- android:paddingBottom="15dp"/>
- </LinearLayout>

3、新建NewsAdapter.java,此类继承ArrayAdapter<News>适配器,通过getView()方法给ListView的每一项填充new_item.xml布局和新闻标题数据,代码如下:
- package com.gta.newsapptest;
-
- import java.util.List;
-
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.view.LayoutInflater;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
- import android.widget.TextView;
-
- public class NewsAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<News>{
- private static final String TAG = "TAG";
- private int resourceId;
- public NewsAdapter(Context context, int resource, List<News> objects) {
- super(context, resource, objects);
- resourceId = resource;
- // Log.d(TAG, objects.size() + "");
- }
-
- @Override
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- // super.getView(position, convertView, parent);
- View view ;
- // News news = newsList.get(position);
- News news = getItem(position);//获取position位置的新闻数据
- // Log.d(TAG, news.getTitle());
- //如果当前项视图没有加载布局,则进行加载否则直接从converView对象中获取,防止重复加载降低效率
- if(convertView == null){
- view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId, null);
- }
- else {
- view = convertView;
- }
- TextView tv = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.news_title);
- tv.setText(news.getTitle());
- return view;
- }
- }

4、在Layout文件下新建news_title_frag.xml文件,此文件中放置一个ListView控件用于显示新闻标题,下一步将在Fragment中加载此布局文件,代码如下:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical" >
- <ListView
- android:id="@+id/news_title_list_view"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content">
- </ListView>
- </LinearLayout>
到这里ListView新闻列表布局已经完成,下面编写新闻标题和内容布局
5、在layout文件下新建news_content_frag.xml文件,此文件的作用是为新闻的标题和正文设置布局,分别是两个TextView,同时下一步将会继承Fragment加载此布局,代码如下:- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent" >
-
- <LinearLayout
- android:id="@+id/visibility_layout"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:visibility="invisible">
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/news_title"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:gravity="center_horizontal"
- android:padding="10dp"
- android:textSize="20sp"/>
- <ImageView
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="1dp"
- android:background="#000000"/>
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/news_content"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="0dp"
- android:layout_weight="1"
- android:padding="15dp"
- android:textSize="18sp"/>
- </LinearLayout>
- <ImageView
- android:layout_width="1dp"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:background="#000000"/>
-
- </RelativeLayout>

6、新建NewsContentFragment.java类,此类继承Fragment加载news_content_frag.xml布局,同时编写refresh()函数用于刷新新闻标题和数据,代码如下:
- package com.gta.newsapptest;
-
- import android.app.Fragment;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.LayoutInflater;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.widget.TextView;
-
- public class NewsContentFragment extends Fragment {
- private View view;
- @Override
- public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
- Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
- //加载news_content_frag.xml布局
- view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.news_content_frag, container, false);
- return view;
- }
- /**
- * 用于刷新新闻标题和内容
- * @param newsTitle
- * @param newsContent
- */
- public void refresh(String newsTitle, String newsContent){
- View visibilityLayout = view.findViewById(R.id.visibility_layout);
- visibilityLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
- TextView title = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.news_title);
- title.setText(newsTitle);
- TextView content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.news_content);
- content.setText(newsContent);
- }
- }

7、
新建news_content.xml文件,此文件定义了一个fragment和NewsContentFragment类相关联,下一步将在Activity中直接设置这个布局文件显示新闻内容,代码如下:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical" >
-
- <fragment
- android:id="@+id/news_content_fragment"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:name="com.gta.newsapptest.NewsContentFragment"/>
-
- </LinearLayout>
8、新建NewsContentActivity.java类,此类用于加载news_content.xml布局显示新闻标题和正文内容,里面有一个静态的actionStart()方法用于从任意活动跳转到当前活动,代码如下:
- package com.gta.newsapptest;
-
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.Window;
-
- public class NewsContentActivity extends Activity{
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- //去掉标题栏
- requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
- //设置活动布局
- setContentView(R.layout.news_content);
- //获取传入此活动的新闻标题
- String newsTitle = getIntent().getStringExtra("news_title");
- //获取传入此活动的新闻内容
- String newsContent = getIntent().getStringExtra("news_content");
- //获取NewsContentFragment类
- NewsContentFragment contentFragment = (NewsContentFragment) getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.news_content_fragment);
- //调用NewsContentFragment中refresh方法刷新新闻内容
- contentFragment.refresh(newsTitle, newsContent);
- }
-
- public static void actionStart(Context context, String newsTitle, String newsContent){
- Intent intent = new Intent(context, NewsContentActivity.class);
- intent.putExtra("news_title", newsTitle);
- intent.putExtra("news_content", newsContent);
- context.startActivity(intent);
- }
- }

9、新建NewsTitleFragment.java,这个类比较关键,继承了Fragment重写onCreateView()函数加载news_title_frag.xml布局,继承OnItemClickListener监听器重写onItemClick()函数设置ListView的每一项点击监听,代码如下:
- package com.gta.newsapptest;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.app.Fragment;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.view.LayoutInflater;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.widget.AdapterView;
- import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
- import android.widget.ListView;
-
- public class NewsTitleFragment extends Fragment implements OnItemClickListener {
- private static final String TAG = "TAG";
- private ListView newsTitleListView;
- private List<News> newsList; //储存所有的新闻数据
- private NewsAdapter adapter;
- private boolean isTwoPane; //是平板宽屏值为true,手机屏值为false
- /**
- * 系统回调函数,在活动和碎片开始建立关联时调用
- */
- @Override
- public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
- super.onAttach(activity);
- newsList = getNews(); //初始化新闻数据
- //将ListView单项布局和新闻数据加载到Adapter中
- adapter = new NewsAdapter(activity, R.layout.new_item, newsList);
- // Log.d(TAG, "onAttach(): " + newsList.get(0).getTitle());
- // Log.d(TAG, "onAttach()");
- }
- /**
- * 加载碎片布局时会被自动调用
- */
- @Override
- public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
- Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
- //为Fragment加载布局
- View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.news_title_frag, container, false);
- newsTitleListView = (ListView) view.findViewById(R.id.news_title_list_view);
- //为ListView设置适配器,将新闻标题显示在每一项
- newsTitleListView.setAdapter(adapter);
- //设置ListView每一项点击监听事件
- newsTitleListView.setOnItemClickListener(this);
- Log.d(TAG, "onCreateView()");
- return view;
- }
- /**
- * 碎片和活动建立关联完成时会被自动调用
- */
- @Override
- public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
- //这里判断news_content_layout控件是否存在,即可判断是手机还是平板电脑
- if(getActivity().findViewById(R.id.news_content_layout) != null){
- isTwoPane = true;
- }
- else {
- isTwoPane = false;
- }
- Log.d(TAG, "onActivityCreated()");
- }
- /**
- * 此函数将返回储存在List中的模拟新闻数据
- * @return
- */
- private List<News> getNews() {
- List<News> newsList = new ArrayList<News>();
- News news1 = new News();
- news1.setTitle("Succeed in Cllege as a Learning Disabled Student");
- news1.setContent("College freshmen will soon learn to live with a roomote, adjust to a new social " +
- "scene and survive less-than-stellar dining hall food. Students with learning disabilities will face these" +
- "transitions while also grappling with afew more hurdles.");
- newsList.add(news1);
- News news2 = new News();
- news2.setTitle("Google Android exec poacjed byChina's Xiaomi");
- news2.setContent("China's Xiaomi has poached a key Google executive involved in the tech giant's Android phones," +
- "in a move seen as a coup for the rapidly growing Chinese smartphone maker.");
- newsList.add(news2);
- return newsList;
- }
-
- @Override
- public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
- News news = newsList.get(position);
- if(isTwoPane){
- //是平板电脑,则为右边NewsContentFragment设置新闻标题和内容
- NewsContentFragment newsContentFragment = (NewsContentFragment) getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.news_content_fragment);
- newsContentFragment.refresh(news.getTitle(), news.getContent());
- }
- else {
- //是手机,则直接跳转到NewsContentActivity
- NewsContentActivity.actionStart(getActivity(), news.getTitle(), news.getContent());
- }
- }
- }

10、到此为止程序框架基本完成,下面编写主界面;
11、在layout下的activity_main.xml文件中添加fragment,代码如下:
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent" >
-
- <fragment
- android:id="@+id/new_title_fragment"
- android:name="com.gta.newsapptest.NewsTitleFragment"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
-
- </LinearLayout>
12、判别是手机、平板电脑的屏幕需要用到限位符的概念,操作比较简单,首先在 res/下面建立layout-sw600dp文件夹(意思是屏幕宽度大于600个像素时调用其下面的布局文件,其中sw600dp就是限位符),然后新建activity_main.xml文件在里面添加如下代码:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:orientation="horizontal" >
-
- <fragment
- android:id="@+id/news_title_fragment"
- android:name="com.gta.newsapptest.NewsTitleFragment"
- android:layout_width="0dp"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:layout_weight="1"/>
-
- <FrameLayout
- android:id="@+id/news_content_layout"
- android:layout_width="0dp"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:layout_weight="3">
- <fragment
- android:id="@+id/news_content_fragment"
- android:name="com.gta.newsapptest.NewsContentFragment"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
- </FrameLayout>
- </LinearLayout>

现在可以在不修改布局的情况下同时运行在手机和平板上。
下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/yanwenmuc/9202955
Copyright © 2003-2013 www.wpsshop.cn 版权所有,并保留所有权利。