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MySQL是一个流行的开源关系型数据库管理系统,支持多种查询语法来操作数据库。以下是MySQL常用的查询语法:
1. 查询所有数据:
SELECT * FROM table_name;
2.查询指定字段的数据:
SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name;
3.使用WHERE子句进行条件查询:
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE condition;
4.使用ORDER BY 进行排序:
SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC];
5.使用LIMIT限制查询结果数量:
SELECT * FROM table_name LIMIT num;
6.使用LIMIT和OFFSET进行分页查询:
SELECT * FROM table_name LIMIT num OFFSET offset_num;
7.使用GROUP BY进行分组查询:
SELECT column1, column2, COUNT(*) FROM table_name GROUP BY column1, column2;
8.使用HAVING进行分组后的条件过滤:
SELECT column1, column2, COUNT(*) FROM table_name GROUP BY column1, column2 HAVING condition;
9. 使用JOIN进行多表联接查询:
SELECT column1, column2 FROM table1 JOIN table2 ON table1.column_name = table2.column_name;
10.使用DISTINCT去除重复行:
SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2 FROM table_name;
11.使用IN子句查询多个值:
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN (value1, value2, ...);
12.使用LIKE进行模糊匹配:
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name LIKE 'value%';
13.使用BETWEEN进行范围查询:
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2;
14.使用CASE语句进行条件判断:
SELECT column1, CASE WHEN condition1 THEN result1 WHEN condition2 THEN result2 ELSE result3 END FROM table_name;
15.使用COUNT函数进行计数查询:
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table_name;
16.使用SUM、AVG、MIN、MAX等聚合函数进行统计查询:
- SELECT SUM(column_name) FROM table_name;
- SELECT AVG(column_name) FROM table_name;
- SELECT MIN(column_name) FROM table_name;
- SELECT MAX(column_name) FROM table_name;
17.使用GROUP_CONCAT函数进行字符串拼接查询:
SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(column_name) FROM table_name;
18.使用DISTINCT和GROUP_CONCAT联合进行去重字符串拼接:
SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT column_name) FROM table_name;
19.使用AS关键字给查询结果的列起别名:
SELECT column_name AS alias_name FROM table_name;
20.使用IFNULL函数处理NULL值:
SELECT IFNULL(column_name, default_value) FROM table_name;
21.使用CASE语句进行多条件判断:
SELECT column1, CASE WHEN condition1 THEN result1 WHEN condition2 THEN result2 ELSE result3 END AS alias_name FROM table_name;
22.使用JOIN进行多表联接查询,并使用别名简化表名:
SELECT t1.column1, t2.column2 FROM table1 AS t1 JOIN table2 AS t2 ON t1.column_name = t2.column_name;
23.使用UNION合并查询结果:
- SELECT column1, column2 FROM table1
- UNION
- SELECT column1, column2 FROM table2;
24.使用UNION ALL合并查询结果并保留重复行:
- SELECT column1, column2 FROM table1
- UNION ALL
- SELECT column1, column2 FROM table2;
25.使用EXISTS进行子查询判断:
SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM other_table WHERE condition);
26.使用NOT EXISTS进行子查询否定判断:
SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM other_table WHERE condition);
27.使用ANY或SOME进行子查询条件比较:
SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator ANY (SELECT column_name FROM other_table WHERE condition);
28.使用ALL进行子查询条件比较:
SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator ALL (SELECT column_name FROM other_table WHERE condition);
29.使用JOIN和子查询进行复杂联接:
SELECT t1.column1, t2.column2 FROM table1 AS t1 JOIN (SELECT * FROM table2 WHERE condition) AS t2 ON t1.column_name = t2.column_name;
30.使用自连接进行表的自联接查询:
SELECT t1.column1, t2.column2 FROM table_name AS t1 JOIN table_name AS t2 ON t1.column_name = t2.column_name;
以上内容仅为个人学习笔记,不对的地方可以指出。
不同的查询语法适用于不同的场景,可以根据具体的业务需求和数据结构选择合适的查询语法
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