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题目渊源:
马踏棋盘问题(又称骑士周游问题或骑士漫游问题)是算法设计的经典问题之一。
题目要求:
国际象棋的棋盘为8*8的方格棋盘,现将“马”放在任意指定的方格中,按照“马”走棋的规则将“马”进行移动。要求每个方格只能进入一次,最终使得“马”走遍棋盘64个方格。
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <time.h>
-
- #define X 8
- #define Y 8
-
- int chess[X][Y];
-
- //找到基于(x,y)位置的下一个可走的位置
- int nextxy(int *x,int *y,int count)
- {
- switch(count)
- {
- case 0:
- if(*x+2<=X-1 && *y-1>=0 && chess[*x+2][*y-1]==0)
- {
- *y+=2;
- *y-=1;
- return 1;
- }
- break;
-
- case 1:
- if(*x+2<=X-1 && *y+1<=Y-1 && chess[*x+2][*y+1]==0 )
- {
- *x+=2;
- *y+=1;
- return 1;
- }
- break;
-
- case 2:
- if(*x+1<=X-1 && *y-2>=0 && chess[*x+1][*y-2]==0 )
- {
- *x=*x+1;
- *y=*y-2;
- return 1;
- }
- break;
-
- case 3:
- if(*x+1<=X-1 && *y+2<=Y-1 && chess[*x+1][*y+2]==0)
- {
- *x = *x+1;
- *y= *y+2;
- return 1;
- }
- break;
-
- case 4:
- if(*x-2>=0 && *y-1>=0 && chess[*x-2][*y-1]==0)
- {
- *x= *x-2;
- *y= *y+1;
- return 1;
- }
- break;
-
- case 5:
- if(*x-2>=0 && *y+1<=Y-1 && chess[*x-2][*y+1]==0 )
- {
- *x= *x-2;
- *y = *y+1;
- return 1;
- }
- break;
-
- case 6:
- if(*x-1>=0 && *y-2>=0 && chess[*x-1][*y-2]==0)
- {
- *x = *x - 1;
- *y = *y - 2;
- return 1;
- }
- break;
-
- case 7:
- if(*x-1>=0 && *y+2<=Y-1 && chess[*x-1][*y+2]==0)
- {
- *x = *x -1;
- *y = *y +2;
- return 1;
- }
- break;
-
- default:
- break;
- }
- return 0;
- }
-
-
- void print()
- {
- int i,j;
- for(i=0;i<X;i++)
- {
- for(j=0;j<Y;j++)
- {
- printf("%2d\t",chess[i][j]);
- }
- printf("\n");
- }
- printf("\n");
- }
-
- //深度优先遍历棋盘
- //(x,y)为位置坐标
- //tag是标记变量
- int TravelChessBoard(int x,int y,int tag)
- {
- int x1= x,y1=y,count =0,flag =0;
- chess[x][y] = tag;
- if(x*Y == tag)
- {
- //打印棋盘
- print();
- return 1;
- }
- //找到马的下一个可走的坐标(x1,y1)
- flag = nextxy(&x1,&y1,count);
- while(0==flag && count<7)
- {
- count++;
- }
- while(flag)
- {
- if(TravelChessBoard(x1,y1,tag+1))
- {
- return 1;
- }
- //出现意外,找到马的下一步可走坐标(x1,y1)
- x1=x;
- y1=y;
- count++;
- flag = nextxy(&x1,&y1,count);
- while(0==flag && count < 7)
- {
- count++;
- flag = nextxy(&x1,&y1,count);
- }
- }
- if(0 == flag)
- {
- chess[x][y] =0;
- }
- return 0;
- }
-
-
- int main()
- {
- int i,j;
- clock_t start,finish;
- start = clock();
- for(i=0;i<X;i++)
- {
- for(j=0;j<Y;j++)
- {
- chess[i][j]=0;
- }
- }
- if(TravelChessBoard(2,0,1))
- {
- printf("抱歉,马踏棋盘失败!\n");
- }
- finish = clock();
- printf("\n本次计算一共耗时:%f秒\n\n",(double)(finish - start)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
-
- return 0;
- }
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