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经过前面三节的铺垫,我们只需要再编写一个launch文件启动nav2就可以让fishbot自己动起来了。
我们将地图、配置文件传递给nav2为我们提供好的launch文件中即可。
再一个launch文件中包裹另一个功能包中的luanch文件采用的是
IncludeLaunchDescription
和PythonLaunchDescriptionSource
''' 作者: 小鱼 公众号: 鱼香ROS QQ交流群: 2642868461 描述: Nav2 launch启动文件 ''' import os from ament_index_python.packages import get_package_share_directory from launch import LaunchDescription from launch.actions import IncludeLaunchDescription from launch.launch_description_sources import PythonLaunchDescriptionSource from launch.substitutions import LaunchConfiguration from launch_ros.actions import Node def generate_launch_description(): #=============================1.定位到包的地址============================================================= fishbot_navigation2_dir = get_package_share_directory('fishbot_navigation2') nav2_bringup_dir = get_package_share_directory('nav2_bringup') #=============================2.声明参数,获取配置文件路径=================================================== # use_sim_time 这里要设置成true,因为gazebo是仿真环境,其时间是通过/clock话题获取,而不是系统时间 use_sim_time = LaunchConfiguration('use_sim_time', default='true') map_yaml_path = LaunchConfiguration('map',default=os.path.join(fishbot_navigation2_dir,'maps','fishbot_map.yaml')) nav2_param_path = LaunchConfiguration('params_file',default=os.path.join(fishbot_navigation2_dir,'param','fishbot_nav2.yaml')) rviz_config_dir = os.path.join(nav2_bringup_dir,'rviz','nav2_default_view.rviz') #=============================3.声明启动launch文件,传入:地图路径、是否使用仿真时间以及nav2参数文件============== nav2_bringup_launch = IncludeLaunchDescription( PythonLaunchDescriptionSource([nav2_bringup_dir,'/launch','/bringup_launch.py']), launch_arguments={ 'map': map_yaml_path, 'use_sim_time': use_sim_time, 'params_file': nav2_param_path}.items(), ) rviz_node = Node( package='rviz2', executable='rviz2', name='rviz2', arguments=['-d', rviz_config_dir], parameters=[{'use_sim_time': use_sim_time}], output='screen') return LaunchDescription([nav2_bringup_launch,rviz_node])
添加install指令,将文件拷贝到install目录
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
project(fishbot_navigation2)
# find dependencies
find_package(ament_cmake REQUIRED)
install(
DIRECTORY launch param maps
DESTINATION share/${PROJECT_NAME}
)
ament_package()
主要是添加这行 <exec_depend>nav2_bringup</exec_depend>
<?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-model href="http://download.ros.org/schema/package_format3.xsd" schematypens="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"?> <package format="3"> <name>fishbot_navigation2</name> <version>0.0.0</version> <description>TODO: Package description</description> <maintainer email="sangxin2014@sina.com">root</maintainer> <license>TODO: License declaration</license> <buildtool_depend>ament_cmake</buildtool_depend> <test_depend>ament_lint_auto</test_depend> <test_depend>ament_lint_common</test_depend> <exec_depend>nav2_bringup</exec_depend> <export> <build_type>ament_cmake</build_type> </export> </package>
colcon build --packages-up-to fishbot_navigation2
source install/setup.bash
ros2 launch fishbot_description gazebo.launch.py
source install/setup.bash
ros2 launch fishbot_navigation2 navigation2.launch.py
启动后正常你应该在RVIZ2和终端看到一个错误,这是因为没有给定初始化位置(告诉机器人它在地图的大概位置)导致的。
[planner_server-5] [INFO] [1652973621.731976741] [global_costmap.global_costmap]: Timed out waiting for transform from base_link to map to become available, tf error: Invalid frame ID "map" passed to canTransform argument target_frame - frame does not exist
[rviz2-10] [INFO] [1652973621.760971376] [rviz2]: Message Filter dropping message: frame 'odom' at time 0.000 for reason 'Unknown'
[rviz2-10] [INFO] [1652973621.856298950] [rviz2]: Message Filter dropping message: frame 'laser_link' at time 4392.881 for reason 'Unknown'
[rviz2-10] [INFO] [1652973621.951345246] [rviz2]: Message Filter dropping message: frame 'laser_link' at time 4392.981 for reason 'Unknown'
[rviz2-10] [INFO] [1652973621.951468235] [rviz2]: Message Filter dropping message: frame 'odom' at time 0.000 for reason 'Unknown'
[rviz2-10] [INFO] [1652973622.047860791] [rviz2]: Message Filter dropping message: frame 'laser_link' at time 4393.081 for reason 'Unknown'
通过RVIZ2的工具栏上的 2D Pose Estimate
可以给迷茫的fishbot指明“机生方向”。
点击 2D Pose Estimate
,进行姿态初始化(选中机器人在Gazebo位置差不多的点,左键点击不要松开,移动鼠标给定方向),初始化完后,左边的Global Status 就正常了。
点击RVIZ2工具栏上的 就可以给fishbot安排一个目标点了,点击按钮,到地图上任意一点击鼠标左键,注意不要松开,移动鼠标给定一个方向。
观察左下角,有一个Nav2的Rviz2小插件,可以进行启动停止和导航模式的切换,点击 切换到路点模式。
接着你可以使用工具栏的 按钮,给FishBot指定多个要移动的点,接着点击左下角的启动,就可以看到FishBot依次到达这些目标点。
在机器人导航过程中我们如何实时查看机器人在地图中的位置呢?我们可以通过tf进行查看。
打开终端,输入指令:
ros2 run tf2_ros tf2_echo map base_link
接着就可以看到下面的信息,旋转和变换位资数据了
[INFO] [1653215686.225862749] [tf2_echo]: Waiting for transform map -> base_link: Invalid frame ID "map" passed to canTransform argument target_frame - frame does not exist
At time 4873.528000000
- Translation: [-0.009, -0.016, 0.076]
- Rotation: in Quaternion [0.000, -0.000, -0.000, 1.000]
At time 4874.514000000
- Translation: [-0.009, -0.016, 0.076]
- Rotation: in Quaternion [0.000, -0.000, -0.000, 1.000]
本节我们终于将FishBot的自主导航给跑了起来,不过我们都是通过RVIZ2的工具给机器人指定的目标点,除了工具栏的工具,我们还可以使用代码的方式发送目标点给FishBot,下一节小鱼就会带你一起学习Nav2的API(应用程序接口)。
课后作业:
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