pip3 error: externally-managed-environment 及国内源切换_this environment is externally managed 鈺扳攢> to ins

目录

pip3 安装包时异常

pip3国内源切换

pip3 安装包时异常

error: externally-managed-environment
 
× This environment is externally managed
╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try apt install
    python3-xyz, where xyz is the package you are trying to
    install.
If you wish to install a non-brew-packaged Python package,
    create a virtual environment using python3 -m venv path/to/venv.
    Then use path/to/venv/bin/python and path/to/venv/bin/pip.
    If you wish to install a non-brew packaged Python application,
    it may be easiest to use pipx install xyz, which will manage a
    virtual environment for you. Make sure you have pipx installed.
 
note: If you believe this is a mistake, please contact your Python installation or OS distribution provider. You can override this, at the risk of breaking your Python installation or OS, by passing --break-system-packages.

这个错误信息表示当前Python环境是由系统外部管理的，系统会强烈建议不要直接使用pip来安装包，以避免与系统包管理器的潜在冲突。

Mac系统下如何解决该问题呢？

只需要删除【EXTERNALLY-MANAGED】这个文件即可，删除前记得先备份哦～！～。

在Mac系统里，这个文件藏在这里：

/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.12/3.12.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12

重要提示：通过Homebrew安装的python3才会是这个目录哦～～。

pip3国内源切换

在国内使用官方下载依赖往往速度慢，易出错，因此我们选择使用国内镜像源，根据需求或喜好选择下列命令中的一条：

# 更换阿里源
pip config set global.index-url https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple

# 更换清华源
pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

# 更换腾讯源
pip config set global.index-url http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/pypi/simple

# 更换豆瓣源
pip config set global.index-url http://pypi.douban.com/simple/

# 更换中科大源
pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple

切换完成之后执行如下命令查验：

pip3 config list