多元函数概念思维导图_学术英语：搞清楚写什么——思维导图或概念图（双语分享）...

Academic English Writing：Planning what to write--using a mind map or concept map

学术英语：搞清楚写什么——思维导图或概念图（双语分享）

Welcome back to the share on academic writing and editing. Today, we are going to talk about the hardest things to do in writing: figuring out what to write about. Here we will introduce you to one of the methods I like to use called a mind map or concept map.

欢迎大家来到学术写作和编辑系列分享。今天，将讨论写作中一个最难的问题：搞清楚写些什么。在这里，我们将向大家介绍经常使用的一种方法——思维导图或概念图。

Mind Maps

• What are mind maps or concept maps?

1. Write central idea and related ideas.
2. Branches, connections, relationships.

What are mind maps? Mind maps--also called concept maps--are visualization techniques where you write the central idea in the middle of the paper and tray to brain storm related ideas. You put those related ideas as branches around the main idea and you form connections and relationships around them. It helps you visualize what you want to write about and helps to think about your whole topic.

什么是思维导图？思维导图——也称为概念图——是你在正文书写中心思想并突发奇想一些相关想法的一种可视化技术。你将那些相关的想法分别置于中心思想的位置并在其周围建立一种相互的联系与发展。这将帮助你想出写作的内容并且帮助你思考文章的所有话题。

• Why should I use them when planning to write?

1. Help you organize your thoughts on a topic.
2. Help you view complexities

I use them when I plan to write anything. They help me organize my thoughts. If I sit down and write an article about something, my thoughts are all over the place. Writing a mind map helps me visualize how things relate to each other and helps me come up with a basic organizational structure for what eventually becomes my written document. Furthermore, getting all your thoughts in a picture helps you view the complexities in the issue that you can then capture in your written document.

当我打算写些东西时，我会使用这一方法。它们可以帮助我整理思绪。如果我 坐下想撰写一篇文章，我便会浮想联翩到很多想法。书写思维导图可以帮助我联想事物之间的相互关系并且能够帮助我做出一个基本的组织框架，最终形成我的书面文档。同时，将你的所有想法收集到一幅图片，这样可以帮助你查看问题的复杂性，之后可以在书面文件中捕捉到相关信息。

We drew up a mind map for today’s share and here is an example of what one looks like. We will go into more detail of this, but this just gives you an overall picture of how to approach it and what it is.

为了讨论这一话题，我们制作了一个思维导图。以下为大家列举出一个思维导图的范例。我们将详细研究一下这一技术，但思维导图只是告诉你它的使用方法和用途的一个总体方案图。

Creating a mind map

• Write main idea in the center of paper
• Key ideas radiate out from the main idea
• Continue branching and grouping

To create a mind map, you write your main idea in the center of the paper. Some people use something as big as a white board or a chalk board if they have a lot of things to say. The other ideas radiate out from that main idea. You just continue branching and grouping until you have all the important parts of what you are going to write or say down in your mind gap. Here are some tips. It helps you think creatively.

构造一幅思维导图，首先在中心位置写出文章大意。如果有很多事情要说明，有些人会使用一些空间比较大的白板或黑板的东西来书写内容。然后，从文章主旨大意中延伸出其他更多的想法。你只需要继续划分这些想法，直到你能在思维导图中写出所有的主要部分。以下是一些可以帮助你创造性地思考问题的技巧。

• Think creatively:

1. Colors, shapes, symbols, drawings
2. Large, unlined paper

You can even use things like colors, shapes, symbols and drawings in your mind maps to help the other parts of your brain get involved. I like to use large unlined paper that gives me plenty of room and just go out from the central idea and keep on branching until I have everything covered.

你甚至可以在思维导图中使用诸如:颜色、形状、符号和图画来帮助你大脑的其他部分参与进来。我喜欢用足够大的草稿纸书写出文章的主旨大意，发散思维直到涉及到各个方面的内容。

Back to the mind map for today’s share, you can see the different parts of it. The main topic (mind maps) and from there I had four main things that I wanted to talk about: an overview, the process, the next steps, and then some online resources. Those are things I started out thinking I should discuss this for mind maps and from there. I branched into some sub plots or sub ideas for each of those things. As you can see, it helps organize thoughts.

回到为本次讨论所做的思维导图，可以看到不同部分的内容。主要话题是思维导图，讨论分为四个要点：概述，过程，下一步，再就是一些网络资源。这些是我开始思考的问题，我应该就思维导图展开讨论。从那里，我将引申和细分出一些后期可讨论的内容的想法。正如所看到的，它可以帮助整理思绪。

Using mind maps

• Convert your mind map to linear or outline form
• Use that as starting point for written document
• Keep your mind map and add to it as you write
• Online resources: search “mind map” or “concept map”

The next step in using mind maps is to convert your mind map into a linear or outline form. As can be seen from the structure, it is pretty easy to do. Each of those main four points from my example could be a separate section, which had laid out all the things that I wanted to discuss in each of those sections. Thus, mind maps translate very quickly into outlines, which helps make writing a lot more structured and logical.

使用思维导图的下一步，是将你的思维导图转换成线性或概要的形式。从结构中可以看出，这个是很容易做到的。列举的四个要点可能是一个单独的部分。在这种情况下，可以单独使用，列出每个部分想讨论的所有问题。因此，思维导图将很快成为概述，这将有助于撰写出更多具有结构化和逻辑性的内容。

Please keep your mind map and add to it as you write. Writing clarifies your thoughts on an issue, and you may modify your mind map as you produce your written document and you may modify your mind map as you produce your written document. You think of additional things to include that you hadn’t thought of before, so keep your mind map nearby and add to it as you write.

请保存好你的思维导图，可以随时将书写的内容添加进去。写作可以阐明你在一个问题上的想法。同时，你还可以在制作书面文件时修饰你的思维导图。你认为附加的信息包含了你之前未想到的事情，所以，把你的思维导图放在旁边以便随时更新添加内容。

If you are interested in using mind maps, there are a lot of resources out there that can provide additional tips and even some software programs that can help you develop mind maps if you don’t want to use the old-fashioned pencil and paper. Just search for mind map or concept map in search engine on the internet and you will find tons of resources out there.

如果你有兴趣使用思维导图，网络上有大量资源。如果你不愿意使用老式的铅笔和纸张，还有许多可以提供其他技巧甚至一些帮助你开发思维导图的软件程序。在网上搜索引擎中寻找思维导图或概念图，你将会发现有大量的资源。

Hopefully, today’s share has introduced you to a helpful new technique to help you plan what to write. Please join us for more content to become a better academic writer and editor.

希望今天我们分享的内容为大家介绍的新技术对于撰写文章有所帮助。请持续关注我们获取更多的内容，成为一名更好的学术作者和编辑。

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