
安装软件：rpm -ivh filename.rpm
 
升级软件：rpm -Uvh filename.rpm
 
卸载软件：rpm -e filename.rpm
 
查询软件描述信息：rpm -qpi filename.rpm
 
列出软件文件信息：rpm -qpl filename.rpm
 
查询文件属于哪个RPM包：rpm -qf filename.rpm
 
q=query
p=package
i=info
l=list
f=file
c=conf

查看系统已安装软件相关命令

卸载rpm包

rpm -qa|grep brute_engine|xargs yum remove -y

卸载已brute_engine为开始的所有rpm包

按照yum源的repo 卸载软件

yum repo-pkgs HDP-2.3  remove

查询系统已安装的rpm包

rpm -qa


# rpm -qa | grep zypp
zypper-log-1.6.307-0.7.12
zypper-1.6.307-0.7.12
libzypp-9.34.0-0.7.15

查询系统中一个已知的文件属于哪个rpm包

rpm -qf /绝对路径/file_name


# rpm -qf /etc/zypp/zypp.conf
libzypp-9.34.0-0.7.15

rpm -qf `which vim` ###反引号

查询已安装的软件包的相关文件的安装路径

rpm -ql 软件名


# rpm -ql libzypp-9.34.0-0.7.15
/etc/logrotate.d/zypp-history.lr
/etc/zypp
/etc/zypp/repos.d
/etc/zypp/services.d
/etc/zypp/systemCheck
/etc/zypp/zypp.conf
/usr/bin/package-manager
/usr/bin/package-manager-su

查询一个已安装软件包的信息

rpm -qi 软件名


# rpm -qi libzypp-9.34.0-0.7.15
Name        : libzypp                      Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version     : 9.34.0                            Vendor: SUSE LINUX Products GmbH, Nuernberg, Germany
Release     : 0.7.15                        Build Date: Wed May 29 23:20:00 2013
Install Date: Mon Dec 19 20:00:23 2016         Build Host: crick2
...省略...
 
# rpm -qc libzypp-9.34.0-0.7.15
/etc/logrotate.d/zypp-history.lr
/etc/zypp/systemCheck
/etc/zypp/zypp.conf

查看已安装软件的配置文件

rpm -qc 软件名


# rpm -qc libzypp-9.34.0-0.7.15
/etc/logrotate.d/zypp-history.lr
/etc/zypp/systemCheck
/etc/zypp/zypp.conf

查看已安装软件的文档的安装位置

rpm -qd 软件名


# rpm -qd libzypp-9.34.0-0.7.15
/usr/share/man/man5/locks.5.gz

查看已安装软件所依赖的软件包及文件

rpm -qR 软件名


# rpm -qR gcc43-4.3.4_20091019-0.37.30
binutils  
glibc-devel  
cpp43 = 4.3.4_20091019-0.37.30
libgcc1 >= 4.3.4_20091019-0.37.30
libgomp1 >= 4.3.4_20091019-0.37.30
rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1
rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1
libc.so.6()(64bit)  
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.11)(64bit)  
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit)  
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3)(64bit)  
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.7)(64bit)  
rpmlib(PayloadIsLzma) <= 4.4.6-1

查看系统未安装软件相关命令

查看软件包的详细信息

rpm -qpi rpm包


suse11sp3-1:~ # rpm -qpi rzsz-0.12.20-934.22.x86_64.rpm 
Name        : rzsz                         Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version     : 0.12.20                           Vendor: SUSE LINUX Products GmbH, Nuernberg, Germany
Release     : 934.22                        Build Date: Sat Feb 21 09:28:18 2009
Install Date: (not installed)               Build Host: brubeck
Group       : Hardware/Modem                Source RPM: rzsz-0.12.20-934.22.src.rpm
Size        : 249242                           License: GPL v2 or later
Signature   : RSA/8, Sat Feb 21 09:28:23 2009, Key ID e3a5c360307e3d54
Packager    : http://bugs.opensuse.org
URL         : http://www.ohse.de/uwe/software/lrzsz.html
Summary     : X-, Y-, and Z-Modem Data Transfer Protocols
Description :
rzsz allows you to use "sz filename" to send a file to your local
system.
Distribution: SUSE Linux Enterprise 11

查看软件包所包含的目录和文件

rpm -qpl rpm包


suse11sp3-1:~ # rpm -qpl rzsz-0.12.20-934.22.x86_64.rpm 
/usr/bin/rb
/usr/bin/rx
/usr/bin/rz
/usr/bin/sb
/usr/bin/sx
/usr/bin/sz
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/ABOUT-NLS
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/AUTHORS
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/COMPATABILITY
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/NEWS
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/README.cvs
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/README.gettext
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/README.isdn4linux
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/README.tests
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/THANKS
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/TODO
/usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/lrzsz.mo
/usr/share/man/man1/rz.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/sz.1.gz

查看软件包的文档所在的位置

#rpm -qpd rpm包


suse11sp3-1:~ # rpm -qpd rzsz-0.12.20-934.22.x86_64.rpm 
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/ABOUT-NLS
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/AUTHORS
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/COMPATABILITY
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/NEWS
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/README.cvs
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/README.gettext
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/README.isdn4linux
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/README.tests
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/THANKS
/usr/share/doc/packages/rzsz/TODO
/usr/share/man/man1/rz.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/sz.1.gz

查看软件包的配置文件（若没有，则标准输出就为空）

#rpm -qpc rpm包

suse11sp3-1:~ # rpm -qpc rzsz-0.12.20-934.22.x86_64.rpm

查看软件包的依赖关系

#rpm -qpR rpm包


suse11sp3-1:~ # rpm -qpR rzsz-0.12.20-934.22.x86_64.rpm
rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1
rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1
libc.so.6()(64bit)  
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit)  
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3)(64bit)  
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3.4)(64bit)  
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.4)(64bit)  
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.7)(64bit)  
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.8)(64bit)  
libnsl.so.1()(64bit)  
rpmlib(PayloadIsLzma) <= 4.4.2-1

解压释放rpm包

rpm2cpio file.rpm |cpio -div

将未安装的 xxx.rpm 包，释放到本地目录

查看rpm包里的脚本

rpm -qp --scripts prd3_hdfs-1.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm

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