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来源 | blog.csdn.net/weixin_44912855
学过 Netty 的都知道,Netty 对 NIO 进行了很好的封装,简单的 API,庞大的开源社区。深受广大程序员喜爱。基于此本文分享一下基础的 netty 使用。实战制作一个 Netty + websocket 的消息推送小栗子。
- @Component
- public class NettyServer {
-
- static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NettyServer.class);
-
- /**
- * 端口号
- */
- @Value("${webSocket.netty.port:8888}")
- int port;
-
- EventLoopGroup bossGroup;
- EventLoopGroup workGroup;
-
- @Autowired
- ProjectInitializer nettyInitializer;
-
- @PostConstruct
- public void start() throws InterruptedException {
- new Thread(() -> {
- bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
- workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
- ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
- // bossGroup辅助客户端的tcp连接请求, workGroup负责与客户端之前的读写操作
- bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workGroup);
- // 设置NIO类型的channel
- bootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);
- // 设置监听端口
- bootstrap.localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(port));
- // 设置管道
- bootstrap.childHandler(nettyInitializer);
-
- // 配置完成,开始绑定server,通过调用sync同步方法阻塞直到绑定成功
- ChannelFuture channelFuture = null;
- try {
- channelFuture = bootstrap.bind().sync();
- log.info("Server started and listen on:{}", channelFuture.channel().localAddress());
- // 对关闭通道进行监听
- channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }).start();
- }
-
- /**
- * 释放资源
- */
- @PreDestroy
- public void destroy() throws InterruptedException {
- if (bossGroup != null) {
- bossGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();
- }
- if (workGroup != null) {
- workGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();
- }
- }
- }
管理全局Channel以及用户对应的channel(推送消息)
- public class NettyConfig {
-
- /**
- * 定义全局单利channel组 管理所有channel
- */
- private static volatile ChannelGroup channelGroup = null;
-
- /**
- * 存放请求ID与channel的对应关系
- */
- private static volatile ConcurrentHashMap<String, Channel> channelMap = null;
-
- /**
- * 定义两把锁
- */
- private static final Object lock1 = new Object();
- private static final Object lock2 = new Object();
-
-
- public static ChannelGroup getChannelGroup() {
- if (null == channelGroup) {
- synchronized (lock1) {
- if (null == channelGroup) {
- channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
- }
- }
- }
- return channelGroup;
- }
-
- public static ConcurrentHashMap<String, Channel> getChannelMap() {
- if (null == channelMap) {
- synchronized (lock2) {
- if (null == channelMap) {
- channelMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
- }
- }
- }
- return channelMap;
- }
-
- public static Channel getChannel(String userId) {
- if (null == channelMap) {
- return getChannelMap().get(userId);
- }
- return channelMap.get(userId);
- }
- }
- @Component
- public class ProjectInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
-
- /**
- * webSocket协议名
- */
- static final String WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL = "WebSocket";
-
- /**
- * webSocket路径
- */
- @Value("${webSocket.netty.path:/webSocket}")
- String webSocketPath;
- @Autowired
- WebSocketHandler webSocketHandler;
-
- @Override
- protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
- // 设置管道
- ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();
- // 流水线管理通道中的处理程序(Handler),用来处理业务
- // webSocket协议本身是基于http协议的,所以这边也要使用http编解码器
- pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
- pipeline.addLast(new ObjectEncoder());
- // 以块的方式来写的处理器
- pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
- pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192));
- pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler(webSocketPath, WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL, true, 65536 * 10));
- // 自定义的handler,处理业务逻辑
- pipeline.addLast(webSocketHandler);
- }
- }
- @Component
- @ChannelHandler.Sharable
- public class WebSocketHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {
- private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NettyServer.class);
-
- /**
- * 一旦连接,第一个被执行
- */
- @Override
- public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
- log.info("有新的客户端链接:[{}]", ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
- // 添加到channelGroup 通道组
- NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().add(ctx.channel());
- }
-
- /**
- * 读取数据
- */
- @Override
- protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception {
- log.info("服务器收到消息:{}", msg.text());
-
- // 获取用户ID,关联channel
- JSONObject jsonObject = JSONUtil.parseObj(msg.text());
- String uid = jsonObject.getStr("uid");
- NettyConfig.getChannelMap().put(uid, ctx.channel());
-
- // 将用户ID作为自定义属性加入到channel中,方便随时channel中获取用户ID
- AttributeKey<String> key = AttributeKey.valueOf("userId");
- ctx.channel().attr(key).setIfAbsent(uid);
-
- // 回复消息
- ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("服务器收到消息啦"));
- }
-
- @Override
- public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
- log.info("用户下线了:{}", ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
- // 删除通道
- NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().remove(ctx.channel());
- removeUserId(ctx);
- }
-
- @Override
- public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
- log.info("异常:{}", cause.getMessage());
- // 删除通道
- NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().remove(ctx.channel());
- removeUserId(ctx);
- ctx.close();
- }
-
- /**
- * 删除用户与channel的对应关系
- */
- private void removeUserId(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
- AttributeKey<String> key = AttributeKey.valueOf("userId");
- String userId = ctx.channel().attr(key).get();
- NettyConfig.getChannelMap().remove(userId);
- }
- }
- public interface PushMsgService {
-
- /**
- * 推送给指定用户
- */
- void pushMsgToOne(String userId, String msg);
-
- /**
- * 推送给所有用户
- */
- void pushMsgToAll(String msg);
-
- }
- @Service
- public class PushMsgServiceImpl implements PushMsgService {
-
- @Override
- public void pushMsgToOne(String userId, String msg) {
- Channel channel = NettyConfig.getChannel(userId);
- if (Objects.isNull(channel)) {
- throw new RuntimeException("未连接socket服务器");
- }
-
- channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(msg));
- }
-
- @Override
- public void pushMsgToAll(String msg) {
- NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(msg));
- }
- }
链接服务器
发送消息
调用接口,往前端推送消息!
OK!
一个简单的 netty 小栗子就完成了。
源码地址:https://gitee.com/dugt/springboot-netty-demo
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开 发 者 : KaiFaX面向全栈工程师的开发者
专注于前端、Java/Python/Go/PHP的技术社区
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