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现象:线上机器开启的线程数大于 1W5,触发报警规则。
jps -l
134195 com.sankuai.mms.boot.Bootstrap
164792 sun.tools.jps.Jps
查看线程数
ps -T -p 134195 | wc -l
14345
出问题时,使用 jstack 保存了当时的堆栈信息,然后重启机器了。
cat jstack.txt | grep java.lang.Thread.State | awk '{print $2}' | sort | uniq -c
70 RUNNABLE
14064 TIMED_WAITING
211 WAITING
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-BFBjOlQW-1648521435498)(https://raw.githubusercontent.com/N3verL4nd/pic/main/20220329103017.png)]可以看到大部分线程都是TIMED_WAITING
状态,其中pool-
开头的占绝大部分。
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-JL9p30EN-1648521435498)(https://raw.githubusercontent.com/N3verL4nd/pic/main/20220329103042.png)]
"pool-1664-thread-1" #85745 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x00007f05083d9800 nid=0x21c8 waiting on condition [0x00007f04bc91b000]
java.lang.Thread.State: TIMED_WAITING (parking)
at sun.misc.Unsafe.park(Native Method)
- parking to wait for <0x00000006c55a3e20> (a java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer$ConditionObject)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport.parkNanos(LockSupport.java:215)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer$ConditionObject.awaitNanos(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:2078)
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$DelayedWorkQueue.take(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:1093)
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$DelayedWorkQueue.take(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:809)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.getTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1067)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1127)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
或者使用下面的方法:
查看线程占用情况
top -Hp 进程 id
获取线程 nid,也就是 16 进制表示
printf "%x\n" 142405
22c45
#!/bin/sh ts=$(date +"%s") jvmPid=$1 defaultLines=100 defaultTop=20 threadStackLines=${2:-$defaultLines} topThreads=${3:-$defaultTop} jvmCapture=$(top -b -n1 | grep java ) threadsTopCapture=$(top -b -n1 -H | grep java ) jstackOutput=$(echo "$(jstack $jvmPid )" ) topOutput=$(echo "$(echo "$threadsTopCapture" | head -n $topThreads | perl -pe 's/\e\[?.*?[\@-~] ?//g' | awk '{gsub(/^ +/,"");print}' | awk '{gsub(/ +|[+-]/," ");print}' | cut -d " " -f 1,9 )\n ") echo "*************************************************************************************************************" uptime echo "Analyzing top $topThreads threads" echo "*************************************************************************************************************" printf %s "$topOutput" | while IFS= read line do pid=$(echo $line | cut -d " " -f 1) hexapid=$(printf "%x" $pid) cpu=$(echo $line | cut -d " " -f 2) echo -n $cpu"% [$pid] " echo "$jstackOutput" | grep "tid.*0x$hexapid " -A $threadStackLines | sed -n -e '/0x'$hexapid'/,/tid/ p' | head -n -1 echo -e "\n" done echo -e "\n"
#!/bin/bash # @Function # Find out the highest cpu consumed threads of java processes, and print the stack of these threads. # # @Usage # $ ./show-busy-java-threads # # @online-doc https://github.com/oldratlee/useful-scripts/blob/dev-2.x/docs/java.md#-show-busy-java-threads # @author Jerry Lee (oldratlee at gmail dot com) # @author superhj1987 (superhj1987 at 126 dot com) # # NOTE about Bash Traps and Pitfalls: # # 1. DO NOT combine var declaration and assignment which value supplied by subshell in ONE line! # for example: readonly var1=$(echo value1) # local var2=$(echo value1) # # Because the combination make exit code of assignment to be always 0, # aka. the exit code of command in subshell is discarded. # tested on bash 3.2.57/4.2.46 # # solution is separation of var declaration and assignment: # var1=$(echo value1) # readonly var1 # local var2 # var2=$(echo value1) # NOTE: DO NOT declare var PROG as readonly in ONE line! PROG="$(basename "$0")" readonly PROG readonly PROG_VERSION='2.5.0-dev' # choosing between $0 and BASH_SOURCE # https://stackoverflow.com/a/35006505/922688 # How can I get the source directory of a Bash script from within the script itself? # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59895 # Will $0 always include the path to the script? # https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/119929 readonly -a COMMAND_LINE=("${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" "$@") # Get current user name via whoami command # See https://www.lifewire.com/current-linux-user-whoami-command-3867579 # Because if run command by `sudo -u`, env var $USER is not rewritten/correct, just inherited from outside! # # NOTE: DO NOT declare var USER as readonly in ONE line! USER="$(whoami)" readonly USER ################################################################################ # util functions ################################################################################ # NOTE: $'foo' is the escape sequence syntax of bash readonly ec=$'\033' # escape char readonly eend=$'\033[0m' # escape end readonly nl=$'\n' # new line colorEcho() { local color=$1 shift # if stdout is console, turn on color output. [ -t 1 ] && echo "${ec}[1;${color}m$*$eend" || echo "$@" } colorPrint() { local color=$1 shift colorEcho "$color" "$@" [[ -n "$append_file" && -w "$append_file" ]] && echo "$@" >>"$append_file" [[ -n "$store_dir" && -w "$store_dir" ]] && echo "$@" >>"${store_file_prefix}$PROG" } # shellcheck disable=SC2120 normalPrint() { echo "$@" [[ -n "$append_file" && -w "$append_file" ]] && echo "$@" >>"$append_file" [[ -n "$store_dir" && -w "$store_dir" ]] && echo "$@" >>"${store_file_prefix}$PROG" } redPrint() { colorPrint 31 "$@" } greenPrint() { colorPrint 32 "$@" } yellowPrint() { colorPrint 33 "$@" } bluePrint() { colorPrint 36 "$@" } die() { redPrint "Error: $*" 1>&2 exit 1 } logAndRun() { echo "$@" echo "$@" } logAndCat() { echo "$@" echo cat } # Bash RegEx to check floating point numbers from user input # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13790763 isNonNegativeFloatNumber() { [[ "$1" =~ ^[+]?[0-9]+\.?[0-9]*$ ]] } isNaturalNumber() { [[ "$1" =~ ^[+]?[0-9]+$ ]] } isNaturalNumberList() { [[ "$1" =~ ^([0-9]+)(,[0-9]+)*$ ]] } # print calling(quoted) command line which is able to copy and paste to rerun safely # # How to get the complete calling command of a BASH script from inside the script (not just the arguments) # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36625593 printCallingCommandLine() { local arg isFirst=true for arg in "${COMMAND_LINE[@]}"; do if $isFirst; then isFirst=false else printf ' ' fi printf '%q' "$arg" done echo } usage() { local -r exit_code="${1:-0}" (($# > 0)) && shift # shellcheck disable=SC2015 [ "$exit_code" != 0 ] && local -r out=/dev/stderr || local -r out=/dev/stdout (($# > 0)) && colorEcho 31 "$*$nl" >$out cat >$out <<EOF Usage: ${PROG} [OPTION]... [delay [count]] Find out the highest cpu consumed threads of java processes, and print the stack of these threads. Example: ${PROG} # show busy java threads info ${PROG} 1 # update every 1 second, (stop by eg: CTRL+C) ${PROG} 3 10 # update every 3 seconds, update 10 times Output control: -p, --pid <java pid(s)> find out the highest cpu consumed threads from the specified java process. support pid list(eg: 42,47). default from all java process. -c, --count <num> set the thread count to show, default is 5. set count 0 to show all threads. -a, --append-file <file> specifies the file to append output as log. -S, --store-dir <dir> specifies the directory for storing the intermediate files, and keep files. default store intermediate files at tmp dir, and auto remove after run. use this option to keep files so as to review jstack/top/ps output later. delay the delay between updates in seconds. count the number of updates. delay/count arguments imitates the style of vmstat command. jstack control: -s, --jstack-path <path> specifies the path of jstack command. -F, --force set jstack to force a thread dump. use when jstack does not respond (process is hung). -m, --mix-native-frames set jstack to print both java and native frames (mixed mode). -l, --lock-info set jstack with long listing. prints additional information about locks. CPU usage calculation control: -i, --cpu-sample-interval specifies the delay between cpu samples to get thread cpu usage percentage during this interval. default is 0.5 (second). set interval 0 to get the percentage of time spent running during the *entire lifetime* of a process. Miscellaneous: -h, --help display this help and exit. -V, --version display version information and exit. EOF exit "$exit_code" } progVersion() { echo "$PROG $PROG_VERSION" exit } ################################################################################ # Check os support ################################################################################ uname | grep '^Linux' -q || die "$PROG only support Linux, not support $(uname) yet!" ################################################################################ # parse options ################################################################################ # DO NOT declare var ARGS as readonly in ONE line! ARGS=$( getopt -n "$PROG" -a -o c:p:a:s:S:i:Pd:FmlhV \ -l count:,pid:,append-file:,jstack-path:,store-dir:,cpu-sample-interval:,use-ps,top-delay:,force,mix-native-frames,lock-info,help,version \ -- "$@" ) || { echo usage 1 } readonly ARGS eval set -- "${ARGS}" count=5 cpu_sample_interval=0.5 while true; do case "$1" in -c | --count) count="$2" shift 2 ;; -p | --pid) pid_list="$2" shift 2 ;; -a | --append-file) append_file="$2" shift 2 ;; -s | --jstack-path) jstack_path="$2" shift 2 ;; -S | --store-dir) store_dir="$2" shift 2 ;; # support the legacy option name -P,--use-ps for compatibility -P | --use-ps) cpu_sample_interval=0 shift ;; # support the legacy option name -d,--top-delay for compatibility -i | --cpu-sample-interval | -d | --top-delay) cpu_sample_interval="$2" shift 2 ;; -F | --force) force=-F shift ;; -m | --mix-native-frames) mix_native_frames=-m shift ;; -l | --lock-info) lock_info=-l shift ;; -h | --help) usage ;; -V | --version) progVersion ;; --) shift break ;; esac done readonly count cpu_sample_interval force mix_native_frames lock_info readonly update_delay=${1:-0} isNonNegativeFloatNumber "$update_delay" || die "update delay($update_delay) is not a non-negative float number!" [ -z "$1" ] && update_count=1 || update_count=${2:-0} isNaturalNumber "$update_count" || die "update count($update_count) is not a natural number!" readonly update_count if [ -n "$pid_list" ]; then pid_list="${pid_list//[[:space:]]/}" # delete white space isNaturalNumberList "$pid_list" || die "pid(s)($pid_list) is illegal! example: 42 or 42,99,67" fi readonly pid_list # check the directory of append-file(-a) mode, create if not exist. if [ -n "$append_file" ]; then if [ -e "$append_file" ]; then [ -f "$append_file" ] || die "$append_file(specified by option -a, for storing run output files) exists but is not a file!" [ -w "$append_file" ] || die "file $append_file(specified by option -a, for storing run output files) exists but is not writable!" else append_file_dir="$(dirname "$append_file")" if [ -e "$append_file_dir" ]; then [ -d "$append_file_dir" ] || die "directory $append_file_dir(specified by option -a, for storing run output files) exists but is not a directory!" [ -w "$append_file_dir" ] || die "directory $append_file_dir(specified by option -a, for storing run output files) exists but is not writable!" else mkdir -p "$append_file_dir" || die "fail to create directory $append_file_dir(specified by option -a, for storing run output files)!" fi fi fi readonly append_file # check store directory(-S) mode, create directory if not exist. if [ -n "$store_dir" ]; then if [ -e "$store_dir" ]; then [ -d "$store_dir" ] || die "$store_dir(specified by option -S, for storing output files) exists but is not a directory!" [ -w "$store_dir" ] || die "directory $store_dir(specified by option -S, for storing output files) exists but is not writable!" else mkdir -p "$store_dir" || die "fail to create directory $store_dir(specified by option -S, for storing output files)!" fi fi readonly store_dir isNonNegativeFloatNumber "$cpu_sample_interval" || die "cpu sample interval($cpu_sample_interval) is not a non-negative float number!" ################################################################################ # search/check the existence of jstack command # # search order/priority: # 1. from -s option # 2. from under env var JAVA_HOME # 3. from under env var PATH ################################################################################ if [ -n "$jstack_path" ]; then # 1. check jstack_path set by -s option [ -f "$jstack_path" ] || die "$jstack_path (set by -s option) is NOT found!" [ -x "$jstack_path" ] || die "$jstack_path (set by -s option) is NOT executable!" elif [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ]; then # 2. search jstack under JAVA_HOME if [ -f "$JAVA_HOME/bin/jstack" ]; then [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/bin/jstack" ] || die "found \$JAVA_HOME/bin/jstack($JAVA_HOME/bin/jstack) is NOT executable!${nl}Use -s option set jstack path manually." jstack_path="$JAVA_HOME/bin/jstack" elif [ -f "$JAVA_HOME/../bin/jstack" ]; then [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/../bin/jstack" ] || die "found \$JAVA_HOME/../bin/jstack($JAVA_HOME/../bin/jstack) is NOT executable!${nl}Use -s option set jstack path manually." jstack_path="$JAVA_HOME/../bin/jstack" fi elif command -v jstack &>/dev/null; then # 3. search jstack under PATH jstack_path="$(command -v jstack)" [ -x "$jstack_path" ] || die "found $jstack_path from PATH is NOT executable!${nl}Use -s option set jstack path manually." else die "jstack NOT found by JAVA_HOME(${JAVA_HOME:-not set}) setting and PATH!${nl}Use -s option set jstack path manually." fi readonly jstack_path ################################################################################ # biz logic ################################################################################ # NOTE: DO NOT declare var run_timestamp as readonly in ONE line! run_timestamp="$(date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S.%N")" readonly run_timestamp readonly uuid="${PROG}_${run_timestamp}_${$}_${RANDOM}" readonly tmp_store_dir="/tmp/${uuid}" if [ -n "$store_dir" ]; then readonly store_file_prefix="$store_dir/${run_timestamp}_" else readonly store_file_prefix="$tmp_store_dir/${run_timestamp}_" fi mkdir -p "$tmp_store_dir" cleanupWhenExit() { rm -rf "$tmp_store_dir" &>/dev/null } trap cleanupWhenExit EXIT headInfo() { colorEcho "0;34;42" ================================================================================ echo "$(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%N") [$((update_round_num + 1))/$update_count]: $(printCallingCommandLine)" colorEcho "0;34;42" ================================================================================ echo } if [ -n "${pid_list}" ]; then readonly ps_process_select_options="-p $pid_list" else readonly ps_process_select_options="-C java -C jsvc" fi __die_when_no_java_process_found() { if [ -n "${pid_list}" ]; then die "process($pid_list) is not running, or not java process!" else die 'No java process found!' fi } # output field: pid, thread id(lwp), pcpu, user # order by pcpu(percentage of cpu usage) # # NOTE: # use ps command to find busy thread(cpu usage) # cpu usage of ps command is expressed as # the percentage of time spent running during the *entire lifetime* of a process, # this is not ideal in general. findBusyJavaThreadsByPs() { # 1. sort by %cpu by ps option `--sort -pcpu` # unfortunately, ps from `procps-ng 3.3.12`, `--sort` does not work properly with other options, # use # ps <other options> # combined # sort -k3,3nr # instead of # ps <other options> --sort -pcpu # 2. use wide output(unlimited width) by ps option `-ww` # avoid trunk user column to username_fo+ or $uid alike # shellcheck disable=SC2206 local -a ps_cmd_line=(ps $ps_process_select_options -wwLo 'pid,lwp,pcpu,user' --no-headers) # DO NOT combine var ps_out declaration and assignment in ONE line! local ps_out ps_out="$("${ps_cmd_line[@]}" | sort -k3,3nr)" [ -n "$ps_out" ] || __die_when_no_java_process_found if [ -n "$store_dir" ]; then echo "$ps_out" | logAndCat "${ps_cmd_line[*]} | sort -k3,3nr" >"${store_file_prefix}$((update_round_num + 1))_ps" fi if ((count > 0)); then echo "$ps_out" | head -n "${count}" else echo "$ps_out" fi } # top with output field: thread id, %cpu __top_threadId_cpu() { # DO NOT combine var java_pid_list declaration and assignment in ONE line! local java_pid_list # shellcheck disable=SC2086 java_pid_list="$(ps $ps_process_select_options -o pid --no-headers)" [ -n "$java_pid_list" ] || __die_when_no_java_process_found # shellcheck disable=SC2086 java_pid_list="$(echo $java_pid_list | tr ' ' ,)" # join with , # 1. sort by %cpu by top option `-o %CPU` # unfortunately, top version 3.2 does not support -o option(supports from top version 3.3+), # use # HOME="$tmp_store_dir" top -H -b -n 1 # combined # sort # instead of # HOME="$tmp_store_dir" top -H -b -n 1 -o '%CPU' # 2. change HOME env var when run top, # so as to prevent top command output format being change by .toprc user config file unexpectedly # 3. use option `-d 0.5`(update interval 0.5 second) and `-n 2`(update 2 times), # and use second time update data to get cpu percentage of thread in 0.5 second interval # 4. top v3.3, there is 1 black line between 2 update; # but top v3.2, there is 2 blank lines between 2 update! local -a top_cmd_line=(top -H -b -d "$cpu_sample_interval" -n 2 -p "$java_pid_list") # DO NOT combine var ps_out declaration and assignment in ONE line! local top_out top_out=$(HOME="$tmp_store_dir" "${top_cmd_line[@]}") if [ -n "$store_dir" ]; then echo "$top_out" | logAndCat "${top_cmd_line[@]}" >"${store_file_prefix}$((update_round_num + 1))_top" fi # DO NOT combine var result_threads_top_info declaration and assignment in ONE line! local result_threads_top_info result_threads_top_info=$( echo "$top_out" | awk '{ # from text line to empty line, increase block index if (previousLine && !$0) blockIndex++ # only print 4th text block(blockIndex == 3), aka. process info of second top update if (blockIndex == 3 && $1 ~ /^[0-9]+$/) print $1, $9 # $1 is thread id field, $9 is %cpu field previousLine = $0 }' ) [ -n "$result_threads_top_info" ] || __die_when_no_java_process_found echo "$result_threads_top_info" | sort -k2,2nr } __complete_pid_user_by_ps() { # ps output field: pid, thread id(lwp), user # shellcheck disable=SC2206 local -a ps_cmd_line=(ps $ps_process_select_options -wwLo 'pid,lwp,user' --no-headers) # DO NOT combine var ps_out declaration and assignment in ONE line! local ps_out ps_out="$("${ps_cmd_line[@]}")" if [ -n "$store_dir" ]; then echo "$ps_out" | logAndCat "${ps_cmd_line[@]}" >"${store_file_prefix}$((update_round_num + 1))_ps" fi local idx=0 threadId pcpu output_fields while read -r threadId pcpu; do ((count <= 0 || idx < count)) || break # output field: pid, threadId, pcpu, user output_fields="$(echo "$ps_out" | awk -v "threadId=$threadId" -v "pcpu=$pcpu" '$2==threadId { print $1, threadId, pcpu, $3; exit }')" if [ -n "$output_fields" ]; then ((idx++)) echo "$output_fields" fi done } # output format is same as function findBusyJavaThreadsByPs findBusyJavaThreadsByTop() { __top_threadId_cpu | __complete_pid_user_by_ps } printStackOfThreads() { local idx=0 pid threadId pcpu user threadId0x while read -r pid threadId pcpu user; do threadId0x="0x$(printf %x "${threadId}")" ((idx++)) local jstackFile="${store_file_prefix}$((update_round_num + 1))_jstack_${pid}" [ -f "${jstackFile}" ] || { # shellcheck disable=SC2206 local -a jstack_cmd_line=("$jstack_path" ${force} $mix_native_frames $lock_info ${pid}) if [ "${user}" == "${USER}" ]; then # run without sudo, when java process user is current user logAndRun "${jstack_cmd_line[@]}" >"${jstackFile}" elif [ $UID == 0 ]; then # if java process user is not current user, must run jstack with sudo logAndRun sudo -u "${user}" "${jstack_cmd_line[@]}" >"${jstackFile}" else # current user is not root user, so can not run with sudo; print error message and rerun suggestion redPrint "[$idx] Fail to jstack busy(${pcpu}%) thread(${threadId}/${threadId0x}) stack of java process(${pid}) under user(${user})." redPrint "User of java process($user) is not current user($USER), need sudo to rerun:" yellowPrint " sudo $(printCallingCommandLine)" normalPrint continue fi || { redPrint "[$idx] Fail to jstack busy(${pcpu}%) thread(${threadId}/${threadId0x}) stack of java process(${pid}) under user(${user})." normalPrint rm "${jstackFile}" &>/dev/null continue } } bluePrint "[$idx] Busy(${pcpu}%) thread(${threadId}/${threadId0x}) stack of java process(${pid}) under user(${user}):" if [ -n "$mix_native_frames" ]; then local sed_script="/--------------- $threadId ---------------/,/^---------------/ { /--------------- $threadId ---------------/b # skip first separator line /^---------------/d # delete second separator line p }" elif [ -n "$force" ]; then local sed_script="/^Thread ${threadId}:/,/^$/ { /^$/d; p # delete end separator line }" else local sed_script="/ nid=${threadId0x} /,/^$/ { /^$/d; p # delete end separator line }" fi { sed "$sed_script" -n "${jstackFile}" echo } | tee ${append_file:+-a "$append_file"} ${store_dir:+-a "${store_file_prefix}$PROG"} done } ################################################################################ # Main ################################################################################ main() { local update_round_num # if update_count <= 0, infinite loop till user interrupted (eg: CTRL+C) for ((update_round_num = 0; update_count <= 0 || update_round_num < update_count; ++update_round_num)); do ((update_round_num > 0)) && sleep "$update_delay" [[ -n "$append_file" || -n "$store_dir" ]] && headInfo | tee ${append_file:+-a "$append_file"} ${store_dir:+-a "${store_file_prefix}$PROG"} >/dev/null ((update_count != 1)) && headInfo if [ "$cpu_sample_interval" == 0 ]; then findBusyJavaThreadsByPs else findBusyJavaThreadsByTop fi | printStackOfThreads done } main
https://jstack.review/#about
https://fastthread.io/
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/ibm-thread-and-monitor-dump-analyzer-java-tmda
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