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Android studio实现简单的计算器_androidstudio写一个计算器
作者：Monodyee | 2024-03-27 15:55:08
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androidstudio写一个计算器
需求分析及概要设计
目的
开发一个简单的计算器App,使之能够完成加减乘除混合运算
工具及环境
使用java语言，在Android studio平台上进行开发
功能设计
- “+”:实现两数相加
- “-”:实现两数相减
- “*”:实现两数相乘
- “/”:实现两数相除
- “=”:计算并得出正确结果
- “C”:清屏
- “Backspace”:倒退
设计思路
- 首先设计一个可视化的界面，供用户输入数据并查看结果。
- 用户可通过点击相应按钮输入正确的表达式（注意：这里只实现对正确表达式的计算
处理），最后按"="得出正确结果。在计算过程中可以通过点击倒退键修改输入内容， - 在进行下一次的运算之前必须先进行清零操作。
- 设计好的计算器应可以进行加减乘除混合四则运算，且可以进行小数和整数运算
详细设计
当用户点击按钮时，用SringBuilder变量记录其输入的运算式，并显示到文本区中。
当用户点击"="时，把文本区的运算式拿出来，首先将它内部的一个一个字节拼接成独立的运算数和运算符，然后存储在一个ArrayList数组中，接着再新建两个ArrayList数组，用来分别存放运算数和运算符，然后遍历存储运算式的ArrayList数组，把其中的运算数和运算符分别放进不同的ArrayList中，每一次放置运算符时，都要先和已存在的运算符进行比较，若要放进的运算符优先级低于或等于运算符数组中的运算符，则弹出一个运算符，并从运算数数组中弹出两个运算数，然后进行运算，并把结果送入运算数数组中，直到遇到比自己优先级低的运算符或运算符数组为空时，则送入该运算符。当遍历到运算式末尾时，依次弹出运算符中的运算符，并对应弹出运算数进行运算直到运算符数组为空，此时运算数数组中只有一个数据就是最终的结果
代码
MainAcivity.java
package com.example.qw.calculator; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity{ private StringBuilder show_equation=new StringBuilder();//显示运算式 private ArrayList calculate_equation;//计算式 private int signal=0;//为0 时表示刚输入状态；为1 时表示当前在输出结果上继续输入 @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); //初始化 show_equation=new StringBuilder(); calculate_equation=new ArrayList<>(); Button zero=(Button)findViewById(R.id.zero); Button one=(Button)findViewById(R.id.one); Button two=(Button)findViewById(R.id.two); Button three=(Button)findViewById(R.id.three); Button four=(Button)findViewById(R.id.four); Button five=(Button)findViewById(R.id.five); Button six=(Button)findViewById(R.id.six); Button seven=(Button)findViewById(R.id.seven); Button eight=(Button)findViewById(R.id.eight); Button nine=(Button)findViewById(R.id.nine); Button cls=(Button)findViewById(R.id.cls); Button div=(Button)findViewById(R.id.div); Button mul=(Button)findViewById(R.id.mul); Button backspace=(Button)findViewById(R.id.Backspace); Button sub=(Button)findViewById(R.id.sub); Button add=(Button)findViewById(R.id.add); final Button equal=(Button)findViewById(R.id.equal); final Button point=(Button)findViewById(R.id.spot); final EditText result=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.result); result.setCursorVisible(true); disableShowInput(result); //点击文本框时光标始终在文本末尾 result.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View view) { result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); } }); zero.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v){ if(!(show_equation.toString().equals("0"))){ if(signal==0){ show_equation.append("0"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); show_equation.append("0"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); signal=0; } } } }); one.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(signal==0){ show_equation.append("1"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); show_equation.append("1"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); signal=0; } } }); two.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(signal==0){ show_equation.append("2"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); show_equation.append("2"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); signal=0; } } }); three.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(signal==0){ show_equation.append("3"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); show_equation.append("3"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); signal=0; } } }); four.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(signal==0){ show_equation.append("4"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); show_equation.append("4"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); signal=0; } } }); five.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(signal==0){ show_equation.append("5"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); show_equation.append("5"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); signal=0; } } }); six.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(signal==0){ show_equation.append("6"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); show_equation.append("6"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); signal=0; } } }); seven.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(signal==0){ show_equation.append("7"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); show_equation.append("7"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); signal=0; } } }); eight.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(signal==0){ show_equation.append("8"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); show_equation.append("8"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); signal=0; } } }); nine.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(signal==0){ show_equation.append("9"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); show_equation.append("9"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); signal=0; } } }); cls.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); calculate_equation.clear(); signal=0; result.setText(""); } }); backspace.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(!(show_equation.toString().equals(""))) { if(signal==0){ show_equation.deleteCharAt(show_equation.length() - 1); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); result.setText(""); signal=0; } } } }); point.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(signal==0){ String a=show_equation.toString(); if(a.equals("")){ show_equation.append("."); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else{ int i; char t='0'; for(i=a.length();i>0;i--){ t=a.charAt(i-1); if(t=='.'||t=='+'||t=='-'||t=='*'||t=='/') break; } if(i==0){ show_equation.append("."); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); }else if(t=='+'||t=='-'||t=='*'||t=='/'){ show_equation.append("."); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); } } }else{ show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); show_equation.append("."); result.setText("."); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); signal=0; } } }); equal.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //判断用户是否输入了内容 if(!show_equation.toString().equals("")){ signal=1; char temp=show_equation.charAt(show_equation.length()-1); if(show_equation.charAt(0)=='-') show_equation.insert(0,"0"); if(temp=='+'||temp=='-') show_equation.append("0"); if(temp=='*'||temp=='/') show_equation.append("1"); StringBuilder temp1=new StringBuilder(); for(int i=0;i<show_equation.length();i++){ if(show_equation.charAt(i)>='0'&&show_equation.charAt(i)<='9'||show_equation.charAt(i)=='.'){ temp1.append(String.valueOf(show_equation.charAt(i))); }else if(show_equation.charAt(i)=='N'){ calculate_equation.add("NaN"); //跳过2个字符 i=i+2; }else if(show_equation.charAt(i)=='∞'){ calculate_equation.add("∞"); } else { if(temp1.length()!=0){ calculate_equation.add(temp1.toString()); temp1.delete(0,temp1.length()); } calculate_equation.add(String.valueOf(show_equation.charAt(i))); } } if(temp1.length()!=0){ calculate_equation.add(temp1.toString()); } calculate_equation.add("#"); String temp8=calculate(calculate_equation); result.setText(temp8); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); show_equation.delete(0,show_equation.length()); calculate_equation.clear(); show_equation.append(temp8); } } }); add.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //判断用户是否输入了内容 if(!(show_equation.toString().equals(""))) { signal=0; char temp=show_equation.charAt(show_equation.length()-1); if(temp=='+'||temp=='-'||temp=='*'||temp=='/') { show_equation.deleteCharAt(show_equation.length()-1); show_equation.append("+"); } else show_equation.append("+"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); } } }); sub.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //判断用户是否输入了内容 if(!(show_equation.toString().equals(""))) { signal=0; char temp=show_equation.charAt(show_equation.length()-1); if(temp=='+'||temp=='-'||temp=='*'||temp=='/') { show_equation.deleteCharAt(show_equation.length()-1); show_equation.append("-"); } else show_equation.append("-"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); } } }); mul.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //判断用户是否输入了内容 if(!(show_equation.toString().equals(""))) { signal=0; char temp=show_equation.charAt(show_equation.length()-1); if(temp=='+'||temp=='-'||temp=='*'||temp=='/') { show_equation.deleteCharAt(show_equation.length()-1); show_equation.append("*"); } else show_equation.append("*"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); } } }); div.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //判断用户是否输入了内容 if(!(show_equation.toString().equals(""))) { signal=0; char temp=show_equation.charAt(show_equation.length()-1); if(temp=='+'||temp=='-'||temp=='*'||temp=='/') { show_equation.deleteCharAt(show_equation.length()-1); show_equation.append("/"); } else show_equation.append("/"); result.setText(show_equation); result.setSelection(result.getText().length()); } } }); } protected boolean operatorPriorityCompare(char operator1,char operator2) { int o1=0; int o2=0; switch (operator1){ case '+':{o1=0;break;} case '-':{o1=0;break;} case '*':{o1=1;break;} case '/':{o1=1;break;} } switch (operator2){ case '+':{o2=0;break;} case '-':{o2=0;break;} case '*':{o2=1;break;} case '/':{o2=1;break;} } if(o1<=o2) { return false; } else return true; } //相加 public static Double Add(Double d1,Double d2) { if(d1==Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY||d1==Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY||d2==Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY||d2==Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY){ return d1+d2; } if(String.valueOf(d1).equals("NaN")||String.valueOf(d1).equals("NaN")){ return d1+d2; } BigDecimal b1 = new BigDecimal(Double.toString(d1)); BigDecimal b2 = new BigDecimal(Double.toString(d2)); return b1.add(b2).doubleValue(); } //相减 public static Double Sub(Double d1,Double d2){ if(d1==Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY||d1==Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY||d2==Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY||d2==Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY){ return d1-d2; } if(String.valueOf(d1).equals("NaN")||String.valueOf(d1).equals("NaN")){ return d1-d2; } if(String.valueOf(d1).equals("NaN")||String.valueOf(d1).equals("NaN")){ return d1*d2; } BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal(Double.toString(d1)); BigDecimal b2=new BigDecimal(Double.toString(d2)); return b1.subtract(b2).doubleValue(); } //相乘 public static Double Mul(Double d1,Double d2){ if(d1==Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY||d1==Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY||d2==Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY||d2==Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY){ return d1*d2; } if(String.valueOf(d1).equals("NaN")||String.valueOf(d1).equals("NaN")){ return d1*d2; } BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal(Double.toString(d1)); BigDecimal b2=new BigDecimal(Double.toString(d2)); return b1.multiply(b2).setScale(8).doubleValue(); } //相除 public static Double Div(Double d1,Double d2){ if(d1==Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY||d1==Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY||d2==Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY||d2==Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY){ return d1/d2; } if(String.valueOf(d1).equals("NaN")||String.valueOf(d1).equals("NaN")){ return d1/d2; } if(d1==0.0&&d2==0.0){ return Double.NaN; } if(d2==0.0){ return d1/d2; } BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal(Double.toString(d1)); BigDecimal b2=new BigDecimal(Double.toString(d2)); return b1.divide(b2,8,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP).doubleValue(); } protected String calculate(ArrayList equation){ Double temp2; Double temp3; Double result; List operator=new ArrayList(); List<Double> operand=new ArrayList(); for(int i=0;i<equation.size();i++) { String temp4=(String) equation.get(i); if(temp4.equals("+")||temp4.equals("-")||temp4.equals("*")||temp4.equals("/")) { if(operator.size()>0) { String temp5=operator.get(operator.size()-1).toString(); while(!(operatorPriorityCompare(temp4.charAt(0),temp5.charAt(0)))&&operator.size()>0) { operator.remove(operator.size()-1); temp3=operand.get(operand.size()-1); operand.remove(operand.size()-1); temp2=operand.get(operand.size()-1); operand.remove(operand.size()-1); switch (temp5.charAt(0)){ case '+':{result=Add(temp2,temp3);operand.add(result);break;} case '-':{result=Sub(temp2,temp3);operand.add(result);break;} case '*':{result=Mul(temp2,temp3);operand.add(result);break;} case '/':{result=Div(temp2,temp3);operand.add(result);break;} } if(operator.size()>0) { temp5=operator.get(operator.size()-1).toString(); } else break; } operator.add(temp4); } else operator.add(temp4); } else if(temp4.equals("#")) { while(operator.size()>0) { String temp6=(String)operator.get(operator.size()-1); operator.remove(operator.size()-1); temp3=operand.get(operand.size()-1); operand.remove(operand.size()-1); temp2=operand.get(operand.size()-1); operand.remove(operand.size()-1); switch (temp6.charAt(0)){ case '+':{result=Add(temp2,temp3);operand.add(result);break;} case '-':{result=Sub(temp2,temp3);operand.add(result);break;} case '*':{result=Mul(temp2,temp3);operand.add(result);break;} case '/':{result=Div(temp2,temp3);operand.add(result);break;} } } } else { if(temp4.equals("NaN")){ operand.add(Double.NaN); }else if(temp4.equals("∞")){ operand.add(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY); }else{ operand.add(Double.parseDouble(temp4)); } } } if(operand.get(0)==Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY) return "-∞"; if(operand.get(0)==Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY) return "∞"; return operand.get(0).toString(); } //当API最低版小于21时使用这个函数实现点击文本框不弹出键盘 public void disableShowInput(EditText et) { Class<EditText> cls = EditText.class; Method method; try { method = cls.getMethod("setShowSoftInputOnFocus", boolean.class); method.setAccessible(true); method.invoke(et, false); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
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activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <EditText android:id="@+id/result" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textSize="40sp" android:enabled="false"/> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="horizontal"> <Button android:id="@+id/cls" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="C" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> <Button android:id="@+id/div" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="/" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> <Button android:id="@+id/mul" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="*" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> <Button android:id="@+id/Backspace" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="Backspace" android:textAllCaps="false" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="horizontal"> <Button android:id="@+id/seven" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="7" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> <Button android:id="@+id/eight" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="8" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> <Button android:id="@+id/nine" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="9" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> <Button android:id="@+id/sub" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="-" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="horizontal"> <Button android:id="@+id/four" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="4" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> <Button android:id="@+id/five" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="5" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> <Button android:id="@+id/six" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="6" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> <Button android:id="@+id/add" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="+" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="2" android:orientation="horizontal"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="vertical"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="horizontal"> <Button android:id="@+id/one" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="1" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> <Button android:id="@+id/two" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:textSize="20sp" android:text="2" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:layout_weight="1"> <Button android:id="@+id/zero" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="0" android:textSize="20sp" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="horizontal"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:orientation="vertical"> <Button android:id="@+id/three" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="3" android:textSize="20sp" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> <Button android:id="@+id/spot" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="." android:textSize="20sp" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1"> <Button android:id="@+id/equal" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="=" android:textSize="20sp" android:background="@drawable/buttonstytle" android:textColor="#ffffff"/> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout>
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buttonstytle.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<!-- 主体背景颜色值 -->
<solid android:color="#666666" />
<!-- 连框宽度和颜色值 -->
<stroke
android:width="0.01dp"
android:color="#FFFFFF" />
</shape>
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####结果分析
启动计算器并输入运算式“59.0-8/46+2”如下图：
结果如下图：
总结
这次做计算器收获很大，首先我对Android studio中的布局有了更深刻的认识，其次在这次编程中熟悉了怎么设置断点调试以快速的找出问题所在。当然，这次的作品也是不够成熟的，因为没有做有关错误表达式的相应处理，因为时间和精力有限，这次只能先做这么多了
注： 今天没事又看了一下这个代码，发现问题很多，简直是惨不忍睹（希望没坑到你们）。比如直接按加、减、乘、除和等号键及后退键会闪退，刚开始一直按 “0” 可以一直输入0，同一个数中可以输入多个小数点等等，我感到很惭愧哈，本人能力有限，不过还是抽时间又改了一下，修复了这些bug，另外也优化了一些东西，上面贴的代码我已经更新了，GitHub上的源码我很快也会更新的，哪里做的不好也希望大家不吝赐教哈 -2018/11/5
链接：源代码下载地址
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