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1、缘由:我们在做项目中肯定都会遇到自定义业务异常 ,然后将业务异常信息跳转的统一的信息提示页面的情况,比如我们在struts的时候我们会用到struts的异常处理机制,我们在业务层会跑出我们遇到业务处理异常 ,然后交由struts处理将提示信息到一个页面进行显示,来提示用户的相关操作,这里我们会根据以上情景设计一下怎么来显示该功能。
2、解决方法:我们的业务异常通常都是抛出的,就是unchecked exception,所以最后总会到达调用该方法的最外层进行捕获,一般我们都会在action中调用我们的业务方法 ,而业务方法可能会跑出异常,此时我们就可以在此时做些文章了, 我们可以利用filter,来捕获我们抛出的异常,然后跳转到一个统一页面,进行信息提示了。
3、具体代码:
①自定义异常类,我想这个就不用多说了 ,大家都是会的:
BsException.java
- package com.ajun.exception;
-
-
- /**
- * 业务异常类
- * @author ajun
- * @http://blog.csdn.net/ajun_studio
- */
- public class BsException extends RuntimeException {
-
- //异常代码
- private String key;
-
- private Object[] values;//一些其他信息
-
- public BsException() {
- super();
- }
-
- public BsException(String message, Throwable throwable) {
- super(message, throwable);
- }
-
- public BsException(String message) {
- super(message);
- }
-
- public BsException(Throwable throwable) {
- super(throwable);
- }
-
- public BsException(String message,String key){
- super(message);
- this.key = key;
- }
-
- public BsException(String message,String key,Object value){
- super(message);
- this.key = key;
- this.values = new Object[]{value};
- }
-
- public BsException(String message,String key,Object[] values){
- super(message);
- this.key = key;
- this.values = values;
- }
-
- public String getKey() {
- return key;
- }
-
- public Object[] getValues() {
- return values;
- }
- }
既然要用到filter ,自然少不了实现Filter接口,拦截你想要的请求,然后,就可以捕获异常了,此时你可以对你的chain.doFilter进行try catch,然后判断你想捕获的异常,很简单 ,请看代码:
- package com.ajun.filter;
-
- import java.io.IOException;
-
- import javax.servlet.Filter;
- import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
- import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
-
- import com.ajun.exception.BsException;
-
- /**
- * 业务异常过滤器
- * @author ajun
- * @http://blog.csdn.net/ajun_studio
- */
- public class ExceptionFiler implements Filter {
-
- private String errorPage;//跳转的错误信息页面
-
-
- public void destroy() {
-
- }
-
- public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res,
- FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
-
- HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res;
- HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
- //捕获你抛出的业务异常
- try {
- chain.doFilter(req, res);
- } catch (RuntimeException e) {
- if(e instanceof BsException){//如果是你定义的业务异常
- request.setAttribute("BsException", e);//存储业务异常信息类
- request.getRequestDispatcher(errorPage).forward(request, response);//跳转到信息提示页面!!
- }
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- //初始化读取你配置的提示页面路径
- public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
- //读取错误信息提示页面路径
- errorPage = config.getInitParameter("errorPage");
- if(null==errorPage || "".equals(errorPage)){
- throw new RuntimeException("没有配置错误信息跳转页面,请再web.xml中进行配置\n<init-param>\n<param-name>errorPage</param-name>\n<param-value>/error.jsp</param-value>\n </init-param>\n路径可以是你自己设定的任何有效路径页面!!");
- //System.out.println("没有配置错误信息跳转页面");
- }
- }
-
- }
- <filter>
- <filter-name>ExceptionFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>com.ajun.filter.ExceptionFiler</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>errorPage</param-name>
- <param-value>/error.jsp</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>ExceptionFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- package com.ajun.servlet;
-
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.PrintWriter;
-
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
-
- public class ExServlet extends HttpServlet {
-
-
- public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
-
- this.doPost(request, response);
-
- }
-
-
- public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
-
- TestService t = new TestService();
- t.add();//模拟调用业务层方法,在此方法内抛出异常,此异常会在filter中进行捕获。
-
- }
-
- }
web.xml配置上述servlet
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>ExServlet</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>com.ajun.servlet.ExServlet</servlet-class>
- </servlet>
-
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>ExServlet</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
TestService.java
- package com.ajun.servlet;
-
- import com.ajun.exception.BsException;
-
- public class TestService {
-
- public void add(){
-
- System.out.println("add () was called!!");
- if(true){
- throw new BsException("in add() throws exception!!");//抛出异常,根据你的业务逻辑
- }
- }
- }
成功跳转到error.jsp:显示:in add() throws exception!!
在后台得到:
- add () was called!!
- com.ajun.exception.BsException: in add() throws exception!!
- at com.ajun.servlet.TestService.add(TestService.java:11)
- at com.ajun.servlet.ExServlet.doPost(ExServlet.java:26)
- at com.ajun.servlet.ExServlet.doGet(ExServlet.java:17)......
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