devbox
weixin_40725706
这个屌丝很懒，什么也没留下！
关注作者
热门标签
热门文章
当前位置:   article > 正文

30.HarmonyOS App(JAVA)鸿蒙系统app多线程任务分发器

作者：weixin_40725706 | 2024-03-18 10:46:12

赞

踩

30.HarmonyOS App(JAVA)鸿蒙系统app多线程任务分发器

HarmonyOS App(JAVA)多线程任务分发器

打印时间，记录到编辑框textfield信息显示

同步分发，异步分发，异步延迟分发，分组任务分发，屏蔽任务分发，多次任务分发

参考代码注释

场景介绍

如果应用的业务逻辑比较复杂，可能需要创建多个线程来执行多个任务。这种情况下，代码复杂难以维护，任务与线程的交互也会更加繁杂。要解决此问题，开发者可以使用“TaskDispatcher”来分发不同的任务。

接口说明

TaskDispatcher是一个任务分发器，它是Ability分发任务的基本接口，隐藏任务所在线程的实现细节。

为保证应用有更好的响应性，我们需要设计任务的优先级。在UI线程上运行的任务默认以高优先级运行，如果某个任务无需等待结果，则可以用低优先级。

表1 线程优先级介绍

优先级

详细描述

HIGH

最高任务优先级，比默认优先级、低优先级的任务有更高的几率得到执行。

DEFAULT

默认任务优先级， 比低优先级的任务有更高的几率得到执行。

LOW

低任务优先级，比高优先级、默认优先级的任务有更低的几率得到执行。

TaskDispatcher具有多种实现，每种实现对应不同的任务分发器。在分发任务时可以指定任务的优先级，由同一个任务分发器分发出的任务具有相同的优先级。系统提供的任务分发器有GlobalTaskDispatcher、ParallelTaskDispatcher、SerialTaskDispatcher 、SpecTaskDispatcher。

  • GlobalTaskDispatcher

    全局并发任务分发器，由Ability执行getGlobalTaskDispatcher()获取。适用于任务之间没有联系的情况。一个应用只有一个GlobalTaskDispatcher，它在程序结束时才被销毁。

     
  
    1. TaskDispatcher globalTaskDispatcher = getGlobalTaskDispatcher(TaskPriority.DEFAULT);
  • ParallelTaskDispatcher 
    并发任务分发器，由Ability执行createParallelTaskDispatcher()创建并返回。与GlobalTaskDispatcher不同的是，ParallelTaskDispatcher不具有全局唯一性，可以创建多个。开发者在创建或销毁dispatcher时，需要持有对应的对象引用 。
     
     
  
    1. String dispatcherName = "parallelTaskDispatcher";
    2. TaskDispatcher parallelTaskDispatcher = createParallelTaskDispatcher(dispatcherName, TaskPriority.DEFAULT);
  • SerialTaskDispatcher 
    串行任务分发器，由Ability执行createSerialTaskDispatcher()创建并返回。由该分发器分发的所有的任务都是按顺序执行，但是执行这些任务的线程并不是固定的。如果要执行并行任务，应使用ParallelTaskDispatcher或者GlobalTaskDispatcher，而不是创建多个SerialTaskDispatcher。如果任务之间没有依赖，应使用GlobalTaskDispatcher来实现。它的创建和销毁由开发者自己管理，开发者在使用期间需要持有该对象引用。
     
     
  
    1. String dispatcherName = "serialTaskDispatcher";
    2. TaskDispatcher serialTaskDispatcher = createSerialTaskDispatcher(dispatcherName, TaskPriority.DEFAULT);
  • SpecTaskDispatcher 
    专有任务分发器，绑定到专有线程上的任务分发器。目前已有的专有线程为UI线程，通过UITaskDispatcher进行任务分发。
     
    UITaskDispatcher：绑定到应用主线程的专有任务分发器， 由Ability执行getUITaskDispatcher()创建并返回。 由该分发器分发的所有的任务都是在主线程上按顺序执行，它在应用程序结束时被销毁。
     
     
  
    1. TaskDispatcher uiTaskDispatcher = getUITaskDispatcher();
 

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  2. <DirectionalLayout
  3.     xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
  4.     ohos:height="match_parent"
  5.     ohos:width="match_parent"
  6.     ohos:alignment="center"
  7.     ohos:orientation="vertical">
  8.  
  9.     <Text
  10.         ohos:id="$+id:text_helloworld"
  11.         ohos:height="match_content"
  12.         ohos:width="match_content"
  13.         ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_ability_main"
  14.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  15.         ohos:text="$string:mainability_HelloWorld"
  16.         ohos:text_size="40vp"
  17.         />
  18.     <Button
  19.         ohos:id="$+id:btn_tongbu"
  20.         ohos:height="match_content"
  21.         ohos:width="match_content"
  22.         ohos:background_element="#EB0BF647"
  23.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  24.         ohos:text="同步分发"
  25.         ohos:text_size="40vp"
  26.         />
  27.     <Button
  28.         ohos:id="$+id:btn_yibu"
  29.         ohos:height="match_content"
  30.         ohos:width="match_content"
  31.         ohos:background_element="#EB3D5DFC"
  32.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  33.         ohos:text="异步分发"
  34.         ohos:text_size="40vp"
  35.         />
  36.     <Button
  37.         ohos:id="$+id:btn_yibu_yanchi"
  38.         ohos:height="match_content"
  39.         ohos:width="match_content"
  40.         ohos:background_element="#EB0BF647"
  41.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  42.         ohos:text="异步延迟分发"
  43.         ohos:text_size="40vp"
  44.         />
  45.     <Button
  46.         ohos:id="$+id:btn_fenzhu_task"
  47.         ohos:height="match_content"
  48.         ohos:width="match_content"
  49.         ohos:background_element="#EB3D5DFC"
  50.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  51.         ohos:text="分组任务分发"
  52.         ohos:text_size="40vp"
  53.         />
  54.     <Button
  55.         ohos:id="$+id:btn_pingbi_task"
  56.         ohos:height="match_content"
  57.         ohos:width="match_content"
  58.         ohos:background_element="#EB0BF647"
  59.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  60.         ohos:text="屏蔽任务分发"
  61.         ohos:text_size="40vp"
  62.         />
  63.     <Button
  64.         ohos:id="$+id:btn_duoci_task"
  65.         ohos:height="match_content"
  66.         ohos:width="match_content"
  67.         ohos:background_element="#EB3D5DFC"
  68.         ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
  69.         ohos:text="多次任务分发"
  70.         ohos:text_size="40vp"
  71.         />
  72.  
  73.     <Text
  74.         ohos:id="$+id:text_label"
  75.         ohos:height="match_content"
  76.         ohos:width="match_content"
  77.         ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_ability_main"
  78.         ohos:layout_alignment="left"
  79.         ohos:text="信息显示："
  80.         ohos:multiple_lines="true"
  81.         ohos:text_size="20vp"
  82.         />
  83.     <TextField
  84.         ohos:id="$+id:text_filed_info"
  85.         ohos:height="300vp"
  86.         ohos:background_element="#FC0A84EF"
  87.         ohos:text="信息显示区域"
  88.         ohos:width="350vp"
  89.         ohos:hint=""
  90.         ohos:margin="2vp"
  91.         ohos:text_size="20vp"/>
  92.     <Clock
  93.         ohos:id="$+id:clock"
  94.         ohos:height="match_content"
  95.         ohos:width="match_content"
  96.         ohos:background_element="#FF80EF66"
  97.         ohos:layout_alignment="left"
  98.  
  99.         ohos:text_size="20vp"
  100.         />
  101.  
  102.  
  103.  
  104.  
  105.  
  106.  
  107. </DirectionalLayout>
 

  1. package com.example.myapplication.slice;
  2.  
  3. import com.example.myapplication.ResourceTable;
  4. import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice;
  5. import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
  6. import ohos.agp.components.*;
  7. import ohos.app.dispatcher.Group;
  8. import ohos.app.dispatcher.TaskDispatcher;
  9. import ohos.app.dispatcher.task.TaskPriority;
  10. import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLog;
  11. import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLogLabel;
  12.  
  13. import java.util.function.Consumer;
  14.  
  15.  
  16. public class MainAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {
  17.     static final HiLogLabel label = new HiLogLabel(HiLog.INFO,0x00101,"shanshui");
  18.     TextField textField;
  19.     Clock clock2;
  20.     @Override
  21.     public void onStart(Intent intent) {
  22.         super.onStart(intent);
  23.         super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);
  24.  
  25.         HiLog.info(label,  "hellocdtxw");
  26.         HiLog.info(label,  "%{public}s World %d", "hellocdtxw", 3);
  27.         HiLog.info(label,  "%{public}s World %d", "hellocdtxw", 3);
  28.         System.out.println("hellocdtxw");
  29.  
  30.         Button btn_tongbu = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_tongbu);
  31.          textField = (TextField) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text_filed_info);
  32.          clock2 = (Clock) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_clock);
  33.         clock2.setFormatIn24HourMode("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
  34.         Button btn_yibu = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_yibu);
  35.         Button btn_delay = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_yibu_yanchi);
  36.         Button btn_group = (Button ) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_fenzhu_task);
  37.         Button btn_pingbi = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_pingbi_task);
  38.         Button btn_more_time = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_btn_duoci_task);
  39.         btn_more_time.setClickedListener(new Component.ClickedListener() {
  40.             @Override
  41.             public void onClick(Component component) {
  42.                 MoreTimesTask();
  43.             }
  44.         });
  45.         btn_delay.setClickedListener(new Component.ClickedListener() {
  46.             @Override
  47.             public void onClick(Component component) {
  48.                 YibuDealyTask();
  49.             }
  50.         });
  51.         btn_group.setClickedListener(new Component.ClickedListener() {
  52.             @Override
  53.             public void onClick(Component component) {
  54.                 YibuGroupTask();
  55.             }
  56.         });
  57.         btn_pingbi.setClickedListener(new Component.ClickedListener() {
  58.             @Override
  59.             public void onClick(Component component) {
  60.                 PingBiTask();
  61.             }
  62.         });
  63.         btn_yibu.setClickedListener(new Component.ClickedListener() {
  64.             @Override
  65.             public void onClick(Component component) {
  66.                 YibuTask();
  67.             }
  68.         });
  69.         btn_tongbu.setClickedListener(new Component.ClickedListener() {
  70.             @Override
  71.             public void onClick(Component component) {
  72.                 HiLog.info(label,  "hellocdtxw");
  73.                 HiLog.info(label,  "%{public}s World %d", "hellocdtxw", 3);
  74.                 HiLog.info(label,  "%{public}s World %d", "hellocdtxw", 3);
  75.                 System.out.println("hellocdtxw");
  76.                 TongBuTask();
  77.             }
  78.         });
  79.  
  80.     }
  81.     /*
  82.     同步分发任务,多线程，阻塞模式，会卡主界面，不常用
  83.      */
  84.     public void TongBuTask()
  85.     {
  86.         TaskDispatcher dispatcher =
  87.                 getGlobalTaskDispatcher(TaskPriority.DEFAULT);
  88.          String time_str = clock2.getText();
  89.         textField.append(time_str+":同步线程启动\n");
  90.         dispatcher.syncDispatch(new Runnable() {
  91.             @Override
  92.             public void run() {
  93.                 try
  94.                 {
  95.                    //getUITaskDispatcher().syncDispatch(()->{
  96.                    // textField.append(clock2.getText()+":task1:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
  97.                    //});
  98.  
  99.                    Thread.sleep(1000);
  100.                 }
  101.                 catch (InterruptedException e)
  102.                 {
  103.                     //getUITaskDispatcher().syncDispatch(()->{
  104.                        //  textField.append(clock2.getText()+"任务失败");
  105.                    // });
  106.  
  107.                 }
  108.  
  109.             }
  110.         });
  111.         dispatcher.syncDispatch(new Runnable() {
  112.             @Override
  113.             public void run() {
  114.                 try
  115.                 {
  116.                     //getUITaskDispatcher().syncDispatch(()->{
  117.                     // textField.append(clock2.getText()+":task1:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
  118.                     //});
  119.  
  120.                     Thread.sleep(1000);
  121.                 }
  122.                 catch (InterruptedException e)
  123.                 {
  124.                     //getUITaskDispatcher().syncDispatch(()->{
  125.                     //  textField.append(clock2.getText()+"任务失败");
  126.                     // });
  127.  
  128.                 }
  129.  
  130.             }
  131.         });
  132.         dispatcher.syncDispatch(new Runnable() {
  133.             @Override
  134.             public void run() {
  135.                 try
  136.                 {
  137.                     //getUITaskDispatcher().syncDispatch(()->{
  138.                     // textField.append(clock2.getText()+":task1:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
  139.                     //});
  140.  
  141.                     Thread.sleep(1000);
  142.                 }
  143.                 catch (InterruptedException e)
  144.                 {
  145.                     //getUITaskDispatcher().syncDispatch(()->{
  146.                     //  textField.append(clock2.getText()+"任务失败");
  147.                     // });
  148.  
  149.                 }
  150.  
  151.             }
  152.         });
  153.  
  154.     }
  155.    //异步模式，鸿蒙系统app多线程
  156.     public  void YibuTask()
  157.     {
  158.         TaskDispatcher dispatcher =
  159.                 getGlobalTaskDispatcher(TaskPriority.DEFAULT);
  160.         String time_str = clock2.getText();
  161.         textField.append(time_str+":异步线程启动\n");
  162.         dispatcher.asyncDispatch(new Runnable() {
  163.             @Override
  164.             public void run() {
  165.                 try
  166.                 {
  167.                     getUITaskDispatcher().asyncDispatch(()->{
  168.                      textField.append(clock2.getText()+":task1:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\n");
  169.                     });
  170.  
  171.                     Thread.sleep(1000);
  172.                 }
  173.                 catch (InterruptedException e)
  174.                 {
  175.                     getUITaskDispatcher().asyncDispatch(()->{
  176.                       textField.append(clock2.getText()+"任务失败");
  177.                      });
  178.  
  179.                 }
  180.  
  181.             }
  182.         });
  183.         dispatcher.asyncDispatch(new Runnable() {
  184.             @Override
  185.             public void run() {
  186.                 try
  187.                 {
  188.                     getUITaskDispatcher().asyncDispatch(()->{
  189.                         textField.append(clock2.getText()+":task2:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\n");
  190.                     });
  191.  
  192.                     Thread.sleep(1000);
  193.                 }
  194.                 catch (InterruptedException e)
  195.                 {
  196.                     getUITaskDispatcher().asyncDispatch(()->{
  197.                         textField.append(clock2.getText()+"任务失败");
  198.                     });
  199.  
  200.                 }
  201.  
  202.             }
  203.         });
  204.         dispatcher.asyncDispatch(new Runnable() {
  205.             @Override
  206.             public void run() {
  207.                 try
  208.                 {
  209.                     getUITaskDispatcher().asyncDispatch(()->{
  210.                         textField.append(clock2.getText()+":task3:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\n");
  211.                     });
  212.  
  213.                     Thread.sleep(1000);
  214.                 }
  215.                 catch (InterruptedException e)
  216.                 {
  217.                     getUITaskDispatcher().asyncDispatch(()->{
  218.                         textField.append(clock2.getText()+"任务失败");
  219.                     });
  220.  
  221.                 }
  222.  
  223.             }
  224.         });
  225.     }
  226.     //异步延迟任务分发
  227.     public  void YibuDealyTask()
  228.     {
  229.         TaskDispatcher dispatcher =
  230.                 getGlobalTaskDispatcher(TaskPriority.DEFAULT);
  231.         String time_str = clock2.getText();
  232.  
  233.         dispatcher.delayDispatch(()-> {
  234.             getUITaskDispatcher().asyncDispatch(()->{
  235.                 textField.append(time_str+":异步延迟任务分发线程启动\n");
  236.             });
  237.  
  238.  
  239.         },1000);
  240.  
  241.  
  242.     }
  243.     //异步分组任务分发
  244.     public  void YibuGroupTask()
  245.     {
  246.         TaskDispatcher dispatcher =
  247.                 getGlobalTaskDispatcher(TaskPriority.DEFAULT);
  248.         String time_str = clock2.getText();
  249.         Group group = dispatcher.createDispatchGroup();
  250.  
  251.         dispatcher.asyncGroupDispatch(group, new Runnable() {
  252.             @Override
  253.             public void run() {
  254.  
  255.                 HiLog.info(label,  "%{public}s World %d", "hellocdtxw", 3);
  256.             }
  257.  
  258.         });
  259.         dispatcher.asyncGroupDispatch(group, new Runnable() {
  260.             @Override
  261.             public void run() {
  262.                 HiLog.info(label,  "%{public}s World %d", "hellocdtxw", 3);
  263.             }
  264.  
  265.         });
  266.         dispatcher.asyncGroupDispatch(group, new Runnable() {
  267.             @Override
  268.             public void run() {
  269.                 HiLog.info(label,  "%{public}s World %d", "hellocdtxw", 3);
  270.             }
  271.  
  272.         });
  273.  
  274.  
  275.     }
  276.     //屏蔽任务分发
  277.     public void PingBiTask()
  278.     {
  279.         TaskDispatcher dispatcher =
  280.                 createParallelTaskDispatcher("Dispatcher",
  281.                         TaskPriority.DEFAULT);
  282.         Group group = dispatcher.createDispatchGroup();
  283.         dispatcher.asyncGroupDispatch(group,()->{
  284.             try
  285.             {
  286.                 Thread.sleep(1000);
  287.                 HiLog.info(label,  "%{public}s World %d", "hellocdtxw", 3);
  288.             }
  289.             catch (InterruptedException ex)
  290.             {
  291.  
  292.             }
  293.  
  294.         });
  295.         dispatcher.asyncGroupDispatch(group,()->{
  296.             try
  297.             {
  298.                 Thread.sleep(1000);
  299.                 HiLog.info(label,  "%{public}s World %d", "hellocdtxw", 3);
  300.             }
  301.             catch (InterruptedException ex)
  302.             {
  303.  
  304.             }
  305.  
  306.         });
  307.         dispatcher.asyncDispatchBarrier(()->{
  308.             try
  309.             {
  310.                 Thread.sleep(1000);
  311.                 getUITaskDispatcher().asyncDispatch(()->{
  312.                     textField.append(clock2.getText()+":屏蔽任务分发线程启动\n");
  313.                 });
  314.             }
  315.             catch (InterruptedException ex)
  316.             {
  317.  
  318.             }
  319.         });
  320.         dispatcher.asyncGroupDispatch(group,()->{
  321.             try
  322.             {
  323.                 Thread.sleep(1000);
  324.                 HiLog.info(label,  "%{public}s World %d", "hellocdtxw", 3);
  325.             }
  326.             catch (InterruptedException ex)
  327.             {
  328.  
  329.             }
  330.  
  331.         });
  332.         dispatcher.asyncGroupDispatch(group,()->{
  333.             try
  334.             {
  335.                 Thread.sleep(1000);
  336.                 HiLog.info(label,  "%{public}s World %d", "hellocdtxw", 3);
  337.             }
  338.             catch (InterruptedException ex)
  339.             {
  340.  
  341.             }
  342.  
  343.         });
  344.         dispatcher.asyncDispatchBarrier(()->{
  345.             try
  346.             {
  347.                 Thread.sleep(1000);
  348.                 getUITaskDispatcher().asyncDispatch(()->{
  349.                     textField.append(clock2.getText()+":屏蔽任务分发线程启动\n");
  350.                 });
  351.             }
  352.             catch (InterruptedException ex)
  353.             {
  354.  
  355.             }
  356.         });
  357.  
  358.     }
  359.     public void MoreTimesTask()
  360.     {
  361.         getGlobalTaskDispatcher(TaskPriority.DEFAULT).applyDispatch(new Consumer<Long>() {
  362.             @Override
  363.             public void accept(Long aLong) {
  364.                 getUITaskDispatcher().asyncDispatch(()->{
  365.                     textField.append(clock2.getText()+":多次任务分发线程启动"+aLong.toString()+"\n");
  366.                 });
  367.             }
  368.         },10); //执行10次
  369.     }
  370.  
  371.     @Override
  372.     public void onActive() {
  373.         super.onActive();
  374.     }
  375.  
  376.     @Override
  377.     public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
  378.         super.onForeground(intent);
  379.     }
  380. }
 

 
 

 

                

        
声明：本文内容由网友自发贡献，不代表【wpsshop博客】立场，版权归原作者所有，本站不承担相应法律责任。如您发现有侵权的内容，请联系我们。转载请注明出处：https://www.wpsshop.cn/w/weixin_40725706/article/detail/262471
推荐阅读
相关标签
Copyright ©  2003-2013 www.wpsshop.cn  版权所有，并保留所有权利。

  
闽ICP备14008679号