十、pygame做一个简单的俄罗斯方块游戏（AI篇2）_pygame俄罗斯方块ai篇

作者：weixin_40725706 | 2024-07-16 06:00:25

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pygame俄罗斯方块ai篇

继续https://blog.csdn.net/zhangenter/article/details/89411389的代码更新

一、消除后才做评价

上一篇我们是对方块落下的位置和落下后出来的空洞进行了评价，但是这些评价都是没有计算消除的，以至于机器人现在不会考虑去进行那些完全不会留下空洞的消除，比如下面这种消除。
在这里插入图片描述
但我们知道这种消除是不会产生空洞的。
所以我们要在计算评价的时候最好计算消除以后的评价。
我们只要在Matrix的函数里加一个do_clear函数来进行消除

    def do_clear(self):
        for i in range(self.rows-1,-1,-1):
            if sum(self.cols*i:self.cols*(i+1))==self.cols:
                self.matrix[self.cols:self.cols*(i+1)]=self.matrix[0:self.cols*i]
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然后在clone_matrix.fill_block(center_shape, xdiff=xdiff, ydiff=max_yindex)之后加一行

clone_matrix.do_clear()
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在这里插入图片描述
现在机器人比以前聪明了一点，但是还有问题，只要有下面两个问题：
1.当有更好的消除方案时，机器人并没有选择更好的方案（比如可以消除两行，但是机器人选择了消除一行）。
2.人玩的时候会避免空的列两边堆叠太高，而是优先在远离空的列附近填。
下面我们进行这些修改。

二、消除时考虑获得更高分

我们在Matrix的do_clear函数里增加一个clear_num来计算消除了多少行

    def do_clear(self):
        clear_num = 0
        for i in range(self.rows-1,-1,-1):
            if sum(self.data[self.cols*i:self.cols*(i+1)])==self.cols:
                self.data[self.cols:self.cols*(i+1)]=self.data[0:self.cols*i]
                clear_num+=1
        return clear_num
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在计算的地方加这样两行

clear_num=clone_matrix.do_clear()
score += clear_num * 5
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这样每多消除一行会多得到5分，会激励机器人在单次消除中去寻找更好的消除方案。

三、避免空列附近的填塞

首先空列的定义，我们可以认为像下面的图中，1的位置还不能算完全的空列，因为列右侧高起的是两格，拯救的机会比2处大很多，2处两边都已经高起3格，再这样下去只有等长条了。
在这里插入图片描述
所以我们在Matrix里加一个空列的获取函数

    def get_empty_col(self):
        miny_arr=[]
        for x in range(self.cols):
            miny=19
            for y in range(self.rows):
                miny=y
                if self.get_val(x,y) == 1:break
            miny_arr.append(miny)
        empty_arr=[]
        if miny_arr[1] - miny_arr[0] > 2: empty_arr.append((self.cols,miny_arr[1] - miny_arr[0]))
        if miny_arr[self.cols-2] - miny_arr[self.cols-1] > 2: empty_arr.append((miny_arr[self.cols-2] - miny_arr[self.cols-1],self.cols))
        for x in range(1,self.cols-1):
            if miny_arr[x-1]-miny_arr[x]>2 or miny_arr[x+1]-miny_arr[x]>2: empty_arr.append((miny_arr[x-1]-miny_arr[x],miny_arr[x+1]-miny_arr[x]))
        return empty_arr
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在AIPlayer里增加一个get_cost_of_emptycol函数

    def get_cost_of_emptycol(self, empty_arr):
        cost = 0
        for l,r in empty_arr:
            if l>2 and r>2: cost += (l+r)*2
            elif l>2: cost += l
            else: cost += r
        return cost
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在计算分数的地方增加两行程序

empty_arr = clone_matrix.get_empty_col()
score -= self.get_cost_of_emptycol(empty_arr)
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现在机器人又厉害了一些，基本上没有比较糟糕的情况下，机器人已经不会gameover了
在这里插入图片描述

四、已成空洞上方位置的避免

比如下图在这里插入图片描述
我们一定会尽可能避免在红框的位置堆叠，因为这样有助于我们消除空洞上方的方块后可以尽快进入空洞进行新的消除，但是机器人现在还没有这个考虑，所以我们在Matrix里继续增加一个空洞上方方块数的计算。
函数实现如下：

    def get_block_above_hole(self):
        blocks=0
        for x in range(0,self.cols):
            for y in range(1,self.rows):
                if self.get_val(x,y) == 0 and self.get_val(x,y-1) == 1: 
                    blocks += sum(self.data[x:(y*self.cols+x):self.cols])

        return blocks
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在计算分数的地方我们再加一行

score -= clone_matrix.get_block_above_hole()
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这样机器人就会考虑让空洞上方的方块尽可能少。
附下目前的完整程序。

# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
import random
import pygame
from pygame.locals import KEYDOWN,K_LEFT,K_RIGHT,K_UP,K_DOWN,K_SPACE
import pickle,os

ROW_COUNT=20
COL_COUNT=10
SCORE_MAP=(100,300,800,1600)

class Matrix(object):
    rows = 0
    cols = 0
    data = []
    def __init__(self, rows, cols, data=None):
        self.rows = rows
        self.cols = cols 
        if data is None: data = [0 for i in range(rows*cols)]
        self.data = data

    def set_val(self, x, y, val):
        self.data[y*self.cols+x] = val

    def get_val(self, x, y):
        return self.data[y*self.cols+x]
    
    def cross_block(self, rect_arr, xdiff=0, ydiff=0):
        for x,y in rect_arr:
            #if x+xdiff>=0 and x+xdiff<self.cols and y+ydiff>=0 and y+ydiff<self.rows:
            if self.get_val(x+xdiff,y+ydiff) == 1: return True
        return False

    def get_block_above_hole(self):
        blocks=0
        for x in range(0,self.cols):
            for y in range(1,self.rows):
                if self.get_val(x,y) == 0 and self.get_val(x,y-1) == 1: 
                    blocks += sum(self.data[x:(y*self.cols+x):self.cols])

        return blocks

    def get_hole_number(self):
        hole_num=0
        for x in range(0,self.cols):
            for y in range(1,self.rows):
                if self.get_val(x,y) == 0 and self.get_val(x,y-1) == 1: 
                    hole_num+=1
        return hole_num

    def clone(self):
        clone_matrix=Matrix(self.rows, self.cols, list(self.data))
        return clone_matrix

    def fill_block(self, rect_arr, xdiff=0, ydiff=0):
        for x,y in rect_arr:
            self.set_val(x+xdiff,y+ydiff, 1)

    def do_clear(self):
        clear_num = 0
        for i in range(self.rows-1,-1,-1):
            if sum(self.data[self.cols*i:self.cols*(i+1)])==self.cols:
                self.data[self.cols:self.cols*(i+1)]=self.data[0:self.cols*i]
                clear_num+=1
        return clear_num

    def get_empty_col(self):
        miny_arr=[]
        for x in range(self.cols):
            miny=19
            for y in range(self.rows):
                miny=y
                if self.get_val(x,y) == 1:break
            miny_arr.append(miny)
        empty_arr=[]
        if miny_arr[1] - miny_arr[0] > 2: empty_arr.append((self.cols,miny_arr[1] - miny_arr[0]))
        if miny_arr[self.cols-2] - miny_arr[self.cols-1] > 2: empty_arr.append((miny_arr[self.cols-2] - miny_arr[self.cols-1],self.cols))
        for x in range(1,self.cols-1):
            if miny_arr[x-1]-miny_arr[x]>2 or miny_arr[x+1]-miny_arr[x]>2: empty_arr.append((miny_arr[x-1]-miny_arr[x],miny_arr[x+1]-miny_arr[x]))
        return empty_arr

    def print_matrix(self):
        for i in range(self.rows):
            print self.data[self.cols*i:self.cols*(i+1)]

class Player(object):
    auto_mode=False
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def run(self, panel): 
        pass

class HumanPlayer(Player):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Player, self).__init__()

class AIPlayer(Player):
    cal_block_id=-1 
    ctl_arr=[] # control arr, 1＝change、2＝left、3＝right、4＝down
    auto_mode=True
    ai_diff_ticks = 100 #timespan between two controls
    
    def __init__(self):
        super(Player, self).__init__()
        self.ctl_ticks = pygame.time.get_ticks() + self.ai_diff_ticks

    def get_cost_of_emptycol(self, empty_arr):
        cost = 0
        for l,r in empty_arr:
            if l>2 and r>2: cost += (l+r)*2
            elif l>2: cost += l
            else: cost += r
        return cost

    def cal_best_arr(self, panel):
        matrix = panel.get_rect_matrix()
        cur_shape_id = panel.moving_block.shape_id
        shape_num = panel.moving_block.shape_num
        max_score = -10000
        best_arr = []
        for i in range(shape_num):
            tmp_shape_id = cur_shape_id + i
            if tmp_shape_id >= shape_num: tmp_shape_id = tmp_shape_id % shape_num
            tmp_shape = panel.moving_block.get_shape(sid=tmp_shape_id)
            center_shape = []
            for x,y in tmp_shape: center_shape.append((x+COL_COUNT/2-2,y-2))
            minx = COL_COUNT
            maxx = 0
            miny = ROW_COUNT
            maxy = -2
            for x,y in center_shape:
                if x<minx: minx = x
                if x>maxx: maxx = x
                if y<miny: miny = y
                if y>maxy: maxy = y

            for xdiff in range(-minx,COL_COUNT-maxx): 
                arr = [1 for _ in range(i)] 
                if xdiff < 0: [arr.append(2) for _ in range(-xdiff)]
                if xdiff > 0: [arr.append(3) for _ in range(xdiff)]

                max_yindex = -miny
                for yindex in range(-miny, ROW_COUNT-maxy):
                    if matrix.cross_block(center_shape, xdiff=xdiff, ydiff=yindex):
                        break
                    max_yindex = yindex
                score = sum([y+max_yindex for x,y in center_shape])

                # clone matrix and fill new block to calculate holes
                clone_matrix = matrix.clone()
                clone_matrix.fill_block(center_shape, xdiff=xdiff, ydiff=max_yindex)
                clear_num = clone_matrix.do_clear()
                score -= clone_matrix.get_block_above_hole()
                empty_arr = clone_matrix.get_empty_col()
                score -= self.get_cost_of_emptycol(empty_arr)
                score += clear_num * 5
                score -= clone_matrix.get_hole_number() * COL_COUNT

                if score > max_score: 
                    max_score = score
                    best_arr = arr
        self.ctl_arr = best_arr+[4]

    def run(self, panel):
        if pygame.time.get_ticks() < self.ctl_ticks: return
        self.ctl_ticks += self.ai_diff_ticks
        if panel.block_id == self.cal_block_id: # block_id not change
            if len(self.ctl_arr)>0:
                ctl = self.ctl_arr.pop(0)
                if ctl == 1: panel.change_block()
                if ctl == 2: panel.control_block(-1,0)
                if ctl == 3: panel.control_block(1,0)
                if ctl == 4:
                    flag = panel.move_block()
                    while flag==1: 
                        flag = panel.move_block()

        else: # block_id is new
            self.cal_block_id = panel.block_id
            self.cal_best_arr(panel)
            

class RectInfo(object):
    def __init__(self, x, y, color):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.color = color

class HintBox(object):
    next_block=None
    def __init__(self, bg, block_size, position):
        self._bg=bg;
        self._x,self._y,self._width,self._height=position
        self._block_size=block_size
        self._bgcolor=[0,0,0]

    def take_block(self):
        block = self.next_block
        if block is None: # make first block
            block = create_block()
    
        self.next_block = create_block()
        return block

    def paint(self):
        mid_x=self._x+self._width/2
        pygame.draw.line(self._bg,self._bgcolor,[mid_x,self._y],[mid_x,self._y+self._height],self._width) 
        bz=self._block_size
        
        if self.next_block:
            arr = self.next_block.get_rect_arr()
            minx,miny=arr[0]
            maxx,maxy=arr[0]
            for x,y in arr:
                if x<minx: minx=x
                if x>maxx: maxx=x
                if y<miny: miny=y
                if y>maxy: maxy=y
            w=(maxx-minx)*bz
            h=(maxy-miny)*bz
            
            cx=self._width/2-w/2-minx*bz-bz/2 
            cy=self._height/2-h/2-miny*bz-bz/2

            for rect in arr:
                x,y=rect
                pygame.draw.line(self._bg,self.next_block.color,[self._x+x*bz+cx+bz/2,self._y+cy+y*bz],[self._x+x*bz+cx+bz/2,self._y+cy+(y+1)*bz],bz)
                pygame.draw.rect(self._bg,[255,255,255],[self._x+x*bz+cx,self._y+y*bz+cy,bz+1,bz+1],1)

class ScoreBox(object):
    total_score = 0
    high_score = 0
    db_file = 'tetris.db'
    def __init__(self, bg, block_size, position):
        self._bg=bg;
        self._x,self._y,self._width,self._height=position
        self._block_size=block_size
        self._bgcolor=[0,0,0]
        
        if os.path.exists(self.db_file): self.high_score = pickle.load(open(self.db_file,'rb'))

    def paint(self):
        myfont = pygame.font.Font(None,36)
        white = 255,255,255
        textImage = myfont.render('High: %06d'%(self.high_score), True, white)
        self._bg.blit(textImage, (self._x,self._y))
        textImage = myfont.render('Score:%06d'%(self.total_score), True, white)
        self._bg.blit(textImage, (self._x,self._y+40))

    def add_score(self, score):
        self.total_score += score
        if self.total_score > self.high_score:
            self.high_score=self.total_score
            pickle.dump(self.high_score, open(self.db_file,'wb+'))

class Panel(object): 
    block_id=0
    rect_arr=[] 
    moving_block=None 
    hint_box=None
    score_box=None
    def __init__(self,bg, block_size, position):
        self._bg=bg;
        self._x,self._y,self._width,self._height=position
        self._block_size=block_size
        self._bgcolor=[0,0,0]
    
    def get_rect_matrix(self):
        matrix = Matrix(ROW_COUNT, COL_COUNT)
        for rect_info in self.rect_arr:
            matrix.set_val(rect_info.x, rect_info.y, 1)
        return matrix

    def add_block(self,block):
        for x,y in block.get_rect_arr():
            self.rect_arr.append(RectInfo(x,y, block.color))

    def create_move_block(self):
        self.block_id+=1
        block = self.hint_box.take_block()
        #block = create_block()
        block.move(COL_COUNT/2-2,-2) # move block to top center
        self.moving_block=block

    def check_overlap(self, diffx, diffy, check_arr=None):
        if check_arr is None: check_arr = self.moving_block.get_rect_arr()
        for x,y in check_arr:
            for rect_info in self.rect_arr:
                if x+diffx==rect_info.x and y+diffy==rect_info.y:
                    return True
        return False

    def control_block(self, diffx, diffy):
        if self.moving_block.can_move(diffx,diffy) and not self.check_overlap(diffx, diffy):
            self.moving_block.move(diffx,diffy)

    def change_block(self):
        if self.moving_block:
            new_arr = self.moving_block.change()
            if new_arr and not self.check_overlap(0, 0, check_arr=new_arr): 
                self.moving_block.rect_arr=new_arr


    def move_block(self):
        if self.moving_block is None: create_move_block()
        if self.moving_block.can_move(0,1) and not self.check_overlap(0,1): 
            self.moving_block.move(0,1)
            return 1
        else:
            self.add_block(self.moving_block)
            self.check_clear()

            for rect_info in self.rect_arr:
                if rect_info.y<0: return 9 # gameover
            self.create_move_block()
            return 2

    def check_clear(self):
        tmp_arr = [[] for i in range(20)]
       
        for rect_info in self.rect_arr:
            if rect_info.y<0: return
            tmp_arr[rect_info.y].append(rect_info)

        clear_num=0
        clear_lines=set([])
        y_clear_diff_arr=[[] for i in range(20)]
        
        for y in range(19,-1,-1):
            if len(tmp_arr[y])==10:
                clear_lines.add(y)
                clear_num += 1
            y_clear_diff_arr[y] = clear_num

        if clear_num>0:
            new_arr=[]
            
            for y in range(19,-1,-1):
                if y in clear_lines: continue
                tmp_row = tmp_arr[y]
                y_clear_diff=y_clear_diff_arr[y]
                for rect_info in tmp_row:
                    #new_arr.append([x,y+y_clear_diff])
                    new_arr.append(RectInfo(rect_info.x, rect_info.y+y_clear_diff, rect_info.color))
            
            self.rect_arr = new_arr
            score = SCORE_MAP[clear_num-1]
            self.score_box.add_score(score)


    def paint(self):
        mid_x=self._x+self._width/2
        pygame.draw.line(self._bg,self._bgcolor,[mid_x,self._y],[mid_x,self._y+self._height],self._width) # 用一个粗线段来填充背景
        
        bz=self._block_size
        for rect_info in self.rect_arr:
            x=rect_info.x
            y=rect_info.y
            pygame.draw.line(self._bg,rect_info.color,[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+y*bz],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+(y+1)*bz],bz)
            pygame.draw.rect(self._bg,[255,255,255],[self._x+x*bz,self._y+y*bz,bz+1,bz+1],1)
       
        if self.move_block:
            for rect in self.moving_block.get_rect_arr():
                x,y=rect
                pygame.draw.line(self._bg,self.moving_block.color,[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+y*bz],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+(y+1)*bz],bz)
                pygame.draw.rect(self._bg,[255,255,255],[self._x+x*bz,self._y+y*bz,bz+1,bz+1],1)

class Block(object):
    sx=0
    sy=0
    def __init__(self):
        self.rect_arr=[]

    def get_rect_arr(self): 
        return self.rect_arr

    def move(self,xdiff,ydiff):
        self.sx+=xdiff
        self.sy+=ydiff
        self.new_rect_arr=[]
        for x,y in self.rect_arr:
            self.new_rect_arr.append((x+xdiff,y+ydiff))
        self.rect_arr=self.new_rect_arr

    def can_move(self,xdiff,ydiff):
        for x,y in self.rect_arr:
            if y+ydiff>=20: return False
            if x+xdiff<0 or x+xdiff>=10: return False
        return True

    def change(self):
        self.shape_id+=1 
        if self.shape_id >= self.shape_num: 
            self.shape_id=0

        arr = self.get_shape()
        new_arr = []
        for x,y in arr:
            if x+self.sx<0 or x+self.sx>=10: 
                self.shape_id -= 1
                if self.shape_id < 0: self.shape_id = self.shape_num - 1
                return None 

            new_arr.append([x+self.sx,y+self.sy])

        return new_arr

class LongBlock(Block):
    shape_id=0
    shape_num=2
    def __init__(self, n=None): 
        super(LongBlock, self).__init__()
        if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
        self.shape_id=n
        self.rect_arr=self.get_shape()
        self.color=(50,180,50)

    def get_shape(self, sid=None):
        if sid is None: sid = self.shape_id
        return [(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(1,3)] if sid==0 else [(0,2),(1,2),(2,2),(3,2)]

class SquareBlock(Block): 
    shape_id=0
    shape_num=1
    def __init__(self, n=None):
        super(SquareBlock, self).__init__()
        self.rect_arr=self.get_shape()
        self.color=(0,0,255)

    def get_shape(self, sid=None):
        if sid is None: sid = self.shape_id
        return [(1,1),(1,2),(2,1),(2,2)]

class ZBlock(Block): 
    shape_id=0
    shape_num=2
    def __init__(self, n=None):
        super(ZBlock, self).__init__()
        if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
        self.shape_id=n
        self.rect_arr=self.get_shape()
        self.color=(30,200,200)

    def get_shape(self, sid=None):
        if sid is None: sid = self.shape_id
        return [(2,0),(2,1),(1,1),(1,2)] if sid==0 else [(0,1),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)]

class SBlock(Block):
    shape_id=0
    shape_num=2
    def __init__(self, n=None):
        super(SBlock, self).__init__()
        if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
        self.shape_id=n
        self.rect_arr=self.get_shape()
        self.color=(255,30,255)

    def get_shape(self, sid=None):
        if sid is None: sid = self.shape_id
        return [(1,0),(1,1),(2,1),(2,2)] if sid==0 else [(0,2),(1,2),(1,1),(2,1)]

class LBlock(Block): 
    shape_id=0
    shape_num=4
    def __init__(self, n=None):
        super(LBlock, self).__init__()
        if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
        self.shape_id=n
        self.rect_arr=self.get_shape()
        self.color=(200,200,30)

    def get_shape(self, sid=None):
        if sid is None: sid = self.shape_id
        if sid==0: return [(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)]
        elif sid==1: return [(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(0,2)]
        elif sid==2: return [(0,0),(1,0),(1,1),(1,2)]
        else: return [(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(2,0)]

class JBlock(Block):
    shape_id=0
    shape_num=4
    def __init__(self, n=None):
        super(JBlock, self).__init__()
        if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
        self.shape_id=n
        self.rect_arr=self.get_shape()
        self.color=(200,100,0)

    def get_shape(self, sid=None):
        if sid is None: sid = self.shape_id
        if sid==0: return [(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(0,2)]
        elif sid==1: return [(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(0,0)]
        elif sid==2: return [(2,0),(1,0),(1,1),(1,2)]
        else: return [(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(2,2)]

class TBlock(Block):
    shape_id=0
    shape_num=4
    def __init__(self, n=None):
        super(TBlock, self).__init__()
        if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
        self.shape_id=n
        self.rect_arr=self.get_shape()
        self.color=(255,0,0)

    def get_shape(self, sid=None):
        if sid is None: sid = self.shape_id
        if sid==0: return [(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(1,2)]
        elif sid==1: return [(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(0,1)]
        elif sid==2: return [(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(1,0)]
        else: return [(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(2,1)]

def create_block():
    n = random.randint(0,18)
    if n==0: return SquareBlock(n=0)
    elif n==1 or n==2: return LongBlock(n=n-1)
    elif n==3 or n==4: return ZBlock(n=n-3)
    elif n==5 or n==6: return SBlock(n=n-5)
    elif n>=7 and n<=10: return LBlock(n=n-7)
    elif n>=11 and n<=14: return JBlock(n=n-11)
    else: return TBlock(n=n-15)

def run():
    pygame.init()
    space=30
    main_block_size=30
    main_panel_width=main_block_size*COL_COUNT
    main_panel_height=main_block_size*ROW_COUNT
    screencaption = pygame.display.set_caption('Tetris')
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((main_panel_width+160+space*3,main_panel_height+space*2)) 
    main_panel=Panel(screen,main_block_size,[space,space,main_panel_width,main_panel_height])
    hint_box=HintBox(screen,main_block_size,[main_panel_width+space+space,space,160,160])
    score_box=ScoreBox(screen,main_block_size,[main_panel_width+space+space,160+space*2,160,160])
    
    main_panel.hint_box=hint_box
    main_panel.score_box=score_box

    pygame.key.set_repeat(200, 30)
    main_panel.create_move_block()

    diff_ticks = 300 
    ticks = pygame.time.get_ticks() + diff_ticks

    player = AIPlayer()

    pause=0
    game_state = 1 # game status 1.normal 2.gameover
    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                 pygame.quit()
                 exit()
            if event.type == KEYDOWN:
                if event.key==97: pause=1-pause # press a to pause
                if event.key==112: # for debug where press p
                    main_panel.get_rect_matrix().print_matrix()
            if player.auto_mode:continue
            if event.type == KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == K_LEFT: main_panel.control_block(-1,0)
                if event.key == K_RIGHT: main_panel.control_block(1,0)
                if event.key == K_UP: main_panel.change_block()
                if event.key == K_DOWN: main_panel.control_block(0,1)
                if event.key == K_SPACE:
                    flag = main_panel.move_block()
                    while flag==1: 
                        flag = main_panel.move_block()
                    if flag == 9: game_state = 2
       
        screen.fill((100,100,100)) # make background gray
        main_panel.paint() 
        hint_box.paint() 
        score_box.paint() 

        if game_state == 2:
            myfont = pygame.font.Font(None,30)
            white = 255,255,255
            textImage = myfont.render("Game over", True, white)
            screen.blit(textImage, (160,190))

        pygame.display.update() 

        if pause==1: continue
        if game_state == 1: player.run(main_panel)
        if game_state == 1 and pygame.time.get_ticks() >= ticks:
            ticks+=diff_ticks
            if main_panel.move_block()==9: game_state = 2 # gameover

run()
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这篇先到这里，下篇继续优化。

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