SSL基础：26:nginx配置https服务_8443 映射 443

使用nginx可以快速搭建http的服务，结合自签名证书则能很容易地提供https服务，这篇文章以容器方式介绍如何快速搭建nginx的https服务。

服务器端设定

步骤1: 启动nginx容器

启动nginx服务，在8443端口映射443的https服务，启动容器提供服务。

liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ docker run -d -p 8443:443 --name=nginx nginx:latest
db67c95583d6b4e889680d08d9e4473bb3b961a1a01cdde5fb39f5967a27b808
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ docker ps |grep nginx
db67c95583d6        nginx:latest        "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   9 seconds ago       Up 8 seconds        80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8443->443/tcp   nginx
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ 
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步骤2: 配置nginx

进入到镜像之中，进行如下nginx配置

配置操作1: 修改default.conf文件

nginx缺省配置文件路径：/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ docker exec -it nginx sh
# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d
# ls
default.conf
# 
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• 执行命令

cat >>default.conf <<EOF
server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name  localhost;

    ssl_certificate          /etc/nginx/ssl/server.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key      /etc/nginx/ssl/server.key;

    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
}
EOF
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执行日志如下所示：

# cat >>default.conf <<EOF
server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name  localhost;

    ssl_certificate          /etc/nginx/ssl/server.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key      /etc/nginx/ssl/server.key;

    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    ssl_> ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
>         index  index.html index.htm;
    }
}
EOF> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > 
# cat default.conf
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
}

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name  localhost;

    ssl_certificate          /etc/nginx/ssl/server.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key      /etc/nginx/ssl/server.key;

    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
}
# 
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配置操作2: 创建ssl目录

# pwd
/etc/nginx/conf.d
# cd ..
# mkdir ssl
# 
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其实非常简单，就是在nginx中添加ssl的配置，然后创建配置内容中指定的目录/etc/nginx/ssl

步骤3: 生成证书

使用easypack上提供的一键证书生成，只需要提供CN即可生成所需要的服务器端私钥（server.key）和服务器端证书文件(server.crt)。使用如下脚本即可

• https://github.com/liumiaocn/easypack/blob/master/containers/alpine/nginx/create_https_certs.sh

这里假设CN为www.hellohttps.com为例进行生成

liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ export ENV_NAME_DN_CN=www.hellohttps.com
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ ls
create_https_certs.sh
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ sh create_https_certs.sh 
## Prepare for DN and v3 extension setting files
## Create CA private key with name : ca.key
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.............................................+++
...............+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
## Create CA certificate with name : ca.crt
## Create server private key with name : server.key
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
..+++
.................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
## Create server CSR file with name    : server.csr
## Create server certificate with name : server.crt
Signature ok
subject=/C=CN/ST=LiaoNing/L=DaLian/O=devops/OU=unicorn/CN=www.hellohttps.com
Getting CA Private Key
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ ls
ca.crt			ca.srl			server.crt		server.key
ca.key			create_https_certs.sh	server.csr		v3_extfile.conf
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$
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步骤4: 设置证书

设置指定名称的证书与私钥拷贝至配置文件中指定的目录/etc/nginx/ssl下

liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ docker cp server.key nginx:/etc/nginx/ssl
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ docker cp server.crt nginx:/etc/nginx/ssl
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ docker exec nginx ls /etc/nginx/ssl
server.crt
server.key
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ 
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步骤5: 重启nginx服务

liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ docker restart nginx
nginx
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ docker ps |grep nginx
db67c95583d6        nginx:latest        "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   20 minutes ago      Up 4 seconds        80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8443->443/tcp   nginx
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ 
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客户端设定

步骤1: /etc/hosts设定

本文使用容器进行示例，直接在本机验证，此处设定/etc/hosts即可，添加如下内容

liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ sudo vi /etc/hosts
Password:
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ grep hello /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1      www.hellohttps.com
liumiaocn:nginx liumiao$ 
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步骤2: 添加证书至KeyChain Access

添加证书之后并设定Trust

保存之后即可显示正常

结果确认

使用https://www.hellohttps.com:8443/访问，可以看到如下页面信息，说明nginx的https服务已经正常可用。