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C语言/C++课程设计---学生管理系统_c++程序设计学习与管理系统

作者：weixin_40725706 | 2024-07-28 09:49:18

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c++程序设计学习与管理系统

        很多大一的同学刚接触C语言都有过被课设困扰的烦恼吧，别担心，幸好你刷到了我这篇文章，本人结合C语言的学习经验和对面向过程开发的理解，特意写了一个关于学生成绩管理系统的程序，希望给还在抓耳挠腮的你一丝丝的灵感。

        

   （一）项目需求：

学习成绩管理系统功能示意图

（二）成品 展示：

封面

录入界面

成绩排名

删除

删除后排名

新增

标题

查询

查询菜单

 注：背景颜色是窗口属性调节的，不是代码弄的!

（三）程序剖析

头文件：

  1. #include<iostream>        //引用c++的输入输出流，方便输入输出字符串
  2. #include<conio.h>        //引用控制台头文件，调用函数getch（）等待键盘输入
  3. #include<stdlib.h>        //C语言标准库头文件可调用多种基础函数
  4. #include<stdio.h>        //C语言的输入输出头文件
  5.  
  6. using namespace std;        //调用c++标准库，功能强大

 学生结构体：

  1. struct students
  2. {
  3.     string name;//姓名 
  4.     string num;//学号 
  5.     int chinese;//语文成绩 
  6.     int math;//数学成绩 
  7.     int english;//英语成绩        
  8.     int sum;//总分 
  9.     int rank;//排名 
  10. }stu[100];

中间学生结构体：

  1. //用于后续"删除”功能的使用，后面会详解。
  2.  
  3. struct student
  4. {
  5.     string name;//姓名 
  6.     string num;//学号 
  7.     int chinese;//语文成绩 
  8.     int math;//数学成绩 
  9.     int english;//英语成绩        
  10.     int sum;//总分 
  11.     int rank;//排名 
  12. }_stu[100];

函数声明：

  1. void cover();//封面函数声明 
  2. void menu_main();//主菜单函数声明
  3. void menu_search();//搜索菜单函数声明
  4. void menu_single();//单科成绩菜单函数声明

功能实现：

1、录入学生信息

  1. 	cout<<"Please enter the number of students:"<<endl;
  2. 	cin>>n;
  3. 	cout<<"Please enter student information:"<<endl;
  4. 	cout<<"INCLUDE:";
  5. 	for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  6. 	{
  7. 		cout<<endl<<"Name : "; cin>>stu[i].name;
  8. 		cout<<"Numbers : "; cin>>stu[i].num;
  9. 		cout<<"Chinese score : "; cin>>stu[i].chinese;
  10. 		cout<<"Math score    : "; cin>>stu[i].math;
  11. 		cout<<"English score : "; cin>>stu[i].english;
  12. 		stu[i].sum = stu[i].chinese + stu[i].math + stu[i].english;
  13. 	}

2、学生成绩排名

  1. 	//冒泡排序
  2. 		for(int i = 1; i <= n ; i++)
  3. 		{
  4. 			for(int j = i+1 ; j <= n ; j++)
  5. 			{
  6. 				if(stu[j].sum>stu[i].sum)
  7. 				{
  8. 					//根据总分排序
  9. 					int temp = stu[j].sum;
  10. 					stu[j].sum = stu[i].sum;
  11. 					stu[i].sum = temp;
  12. 					//更换学号 
  13. 					string temp0 = stu[j].num;
  14. 					stu[j].num = stu[i].num;				
  15. 					stu[i].num = temp0;	
  16. 					//更换名字 
  17. 					string temp1 = stu[j].name;
  18. 					stu[j].name = stu[i].name;
  19. 					stu[i].name = temp1;
  20. 					//更换语文成绩 
  21. 					int temp2 = stu[j].chinese;
  22. 					stu[j].chinese = stu[i].chinese;
  23. 					stu[i].chinese = temp2;
  24. 					//更换数学成绩 
  25. 					int temp3 = stu[j].math;
  26. 					stu[j].math = stu[i].math;				
  27. 					stu[i].math = temp3;		
  28. 					//更换英语成绩 
  29. 					int temp4 = stu[j].english;
  30. 					stu[j].english = stu[i].english;				
  31. 					stu[i].english = temp4;		
  32. 				}		
  33. 			}
  34. 		}

3、删除学生信息

算法：

  1. string del_name;
  2. 	//	struct students _stu[100];
  3. 		cout<<"Please enter the name of the student whose grade you wish to delete（请输入你要删除成绩的学生的姓名）：";
  4. 		cin>>del_name;
  5. 		for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  6. 		{
  7. 			if(del_name == stu[i].name)//找到了 
  8. 			{
  9. 			//	_stu[i].name = "\\";//   \ -是转义字符 
  10. 			//	_stu[i].num = "\\" ; 
  11. 				for(int j = 1; j <= i-1; j++)
  12. 				{
  13. 					_stu[j].name = stu[j].name;//将i前面的数据转移  
  14. 					_stu[j].num = stu[j].num;
  15. 					_stu[j].chinese = stu[j].chinese;
  16. 					_stu[j].math = stu[j].math;
  17. 					_stu[j].english = stu[j].english;
  18. 					_stu[j].sum = stu[j].sum;
  19. 				}
  20. 				//显然,_stu[i]中和i对应的数据是空的，但是没关系，重新排序就好了 ，此行必在最后面 
  21. 				//name = ' ',num = ' ', c = 0， m = 0， e = 0 ，sum = 0，r = ？ 
  22. 				for(int j = i+1; j <= n; j++)
  23. 				{
  24. 					_stu[j-1].name = stu[j].name;//将i后面的数据转移  
  25. 					_stu[j-1].num = stu[j].num;
  26. 					_stu[j-1].chinese = stu[j].chinese;
  27. 					_stu[j-1].math = stu[j].math;
  28. 					_stu[j-1].english = stu[j].english;
  29. 					_stu[j-1].sum = stu[j].sum;
  30. 				}
  31. 				n = n - 1;//点睛之笔， 别忘了让整体的数组元素少一 
  32. 				for(int k = 1; k <= n; k++)
  33. 				{
  34. 					stu[k].name = _stu[k].name;//换回 
  35. 					stu[k].num = _stu[k].num;
  36. 					stu[k].chinese = _stu[k].chinese;
  37. 					stu[k].math = _stu[k].math;
  38. 					stu[k].english = _stu[k].english;
  39. 					stu[k].sum = _stu[k].sum;		
  40. 				} 
  41. 				 
  42. 			}
  43. 		}

4、查询学生成绩

  1. //基本上就是字符串比较
  2. 	
  3. int mark;
  4. 	do{
  5. 		menu_search();
  6. 		cin>>mark;
  7. 		if(mark == 1)
  8. 		{
  9. 			string num;
  10. 			cout<<"Input number:";
  11. 			cin>>num;
  12. 			for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  13. 			{
  14. 				if(num == stu[i].num)
  15. 				{
  16. 					cout<<"Name : "<<stu[i].name<<endl;
  17. 					cout<<"Chinese score : "<<stu[i].chinese<<endl;
  18. 					cout<<"Math score : "<<stu[i].math<<endl;
  19. 					cout<<"Englsih score : "<<stu[i].english<<endl;
  20. 					cout<<"Sum of score : "<<stu[i].sum<<endl;
  21. 					cout<<"Rank of student "<<stu[i].rank<<endl;
  22. 					getch();
  23. 				}
  24. 			}
  25. 		}
  26. 		if(mark == 2)
  27. 		{
  28. 			string name;
  29. 			cout<<"Input name : ";
  30. 			cin>>name;
  31. 			for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  32. 			{
  33. 				if(name == stu[i].name)
  34. 				{
  35. 					cout<<"Number : "<<stu[i].num<<endl;
  36. 					cout<<"Chinese score : "<<stu[i].chinese<<endl;
  37. 					cout<<"Math score : "<<stu[i].math<<endl;
  38. 					cout<<"Englsih score : "<<stu[i].english<<endl;
  39. 					cout<<"Sum of score : "<<stu[i].sum<<endl;
  40. 					cout<<"Rank of student "<<stu[i].rank<<endl;
  41. 					getch();
  42. 				}
  43. 			}
  44. 		}
  45. 		if(mark == 3)
  46. 		{
  47. 			int sum;
  48. 			cout<<"Input sum of score : ";
  49. 			cin>>sum;
  50. 			for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  51. 			{
  52. 				if(sum == stu[i].sum)
  53. 				{
  54. 					cout<<"Number : "<<stu[i].num<<endl;
  55. 					cout<<"Name : "<<stu[i].name<<endl;
  56. 					cout<<"Chinese score : "<<stu[i].chinese<<endl;
  57. 					cout<<"Math score : "<<stu[i].math<<endl;
  58. 					cout<<"Englsih score : "<<stu[i].english<<endl;
  59. 					cout<<"Rank of student "<<stu[i].rank<<endl;
  60. 					getch();
  61. 				}
  62. 			}
  63. 		}
  64. 		if(mark == 4)
  65. 		{
  66. 			int find;
  67. 			int search;
  68. 		do{	
  69. 			menu_single();
  70. 			cin>>find;
  71. 			
  72. 			if(find == 1)//查语文 
  73. 			{
  74. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  75. 				{
  76. 					_stu[i].name = stu[i].name;
  77. 					_stu[i].num = stu[i].num;
  78. 					_stu[i].chinese = stu[i].chinese;	
  79. 				}
  80. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)	
  81. 				{
  82. 					for(int j = i+1; j <= n; j++)
  83. 					{
  84. 						if(_stu[i].chinese < _stu[j].chinese)
  85. 						{	//更换语文成绩 
  86. 							int temp2 = _stu[j].chinese;
  87. 							_stu[j].chinese = _stu[i].chinese;
  88. 							_stu[i].chinese = temp2;
  89. 							//更换学号 
  90. 							string temp0 = _stu[j].num;
  91. 							_stu[j].num = _stu[i].num;				
  92. 							_stu[i].num = temp0;	
  93. 							//更换名字 
  94. 							string temp1 = _stu[j].name;
  95. 							_stu[j].name = _stu[i].name;
  96. 							_stu[i].name = temp1;
  97. 						}
  98. 					}
  99. 				}
  100. 				cout<<"Chinese transcripts : "<<endl; 
  101. 				cout<<"Name\tNumber\tChinese : "<<endl;	
  102. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  103. 				{
  104. 					cout<<_stu[i].name<<'\t'<<_stu[i].num<<'\t'<<_stu[i].chinese<<endl;
  105. 				}
  106. 				cout<<"Failure list of Chinese grades (score < 60 ): "<<endl;
  107. 				cout<<"Name\tNumber\tChinese : "<<endl;		
  108. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  109. 				{
  110. 					if(_stu[i].chinese < 60)
  111. 						cout<<_stu[i].name<<'\t'<<_stu[i].num<<'\t'<<_stu[i].chinese<<endl;
  112. 				}
  113. 				cout<<"For a quick search, press 5,(快捷搜索);"<<"Return to the parent directory , press 0 "<<endl;
  114. 				cin>>search;
  115. 				if(search == 5)
  116. 				{
  117. 				do{
  118. 					system("cls");
  119. 					int con;
  120. 					string S_name,S_num;
  121. 					cout<<"[Quick search]"<<endl<<endl;
  122. 					cout<<"Press '1' to continue,press '0' to stop ."<<endl;
  123. 					getch();
  124. 					cin>>con;
  125. 					if(con == 1)
  126. 					{
  127. 						cout<<"Please enter the name and student id"<<endl;
  128. 						cout<<"Name: "; cin>>S_name; cout<<"ID : "; cin>>S_num;
  129. 						for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  130. 						{
  131. 							if(S_name == _stu[i].name && S_num == _stu[i].num)
  132. 							{
  133. 								cout<<"Chinese : "<<_stu[i].chinese<<endl;	
  134. 							}	
  135. 						} 
  136. 						getch();
  137. 					}
  138. 					if(con == 0)
  139. 						search = 0;
  140. 				  }while( search!= 0);
  141. 				}
  142. 				cout<<"After the display is complete, press any key to return to the parent directory (@^V^@);"<<endl;
  143. 				getch();
  144. 			}

5、修改学生成绩

  1. 	string name,_name,num;
  2. 		int chinese,math,english,sum;
  3. 		cout<<"Please enter the name of the person whose score you want to change:(你要修改谁的成绩？):";
  4. 		cin>>name;
  5. 		cout<<"Please re-enter the correct information (请重新输入正确的信息):"<<endl;
  6. 		cout<<"Name : "<<' '; cin>>_name;
  7. 		cout<<"Number : "<<' '; cin>>num;
  8. 		cout<<"Chinese : "<<' '; cin>>chinese;
  9. 		cout<<"English : "<<' '; cin>>english;
  10. 		cout<<"Math : "<<' '; cin>>math;
  11. 		sum = chinese + english + math;
  12. 		for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  13. 		{
  14. 			if(name == stu[i].name)
  15. 			{
  16. 					stu[i].name = _name; 
  17. 					stu[i].num = num;
  18. 					stu[i].chinese = chinese;
  19. 					stu[i].math = math;
  20. 					stu[i].english = english;
  21. 					stu[i].sum = sum;
  22. 			}
  23. 		}

6、显示学生成绩

  1. 		system("cls");//清屏函数
  2. 		cout<<"Student grades are as follows:"<<endl;
  3. 		cout<<"学号\t姓名\t语文\t数学\t英语\t总分\t名次"<<endl;
  4. 		for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  5. 		{
  6. 			stu[i].rank = i;
  7. 			cout<<stu[i].num<<'\t'<<stu[i].name<<'\t'<<stu[i].
  8. 			chinese<<'\t'<<stu[i].math<<'\t'<<stu[i].english<<
  9. 			'\t'<<stu[i].sum<<'\t'<<stu[i].rank<<endl;
  10. 		}
  11. 		getch();

注：单科成绩单与不及格名单都在查询功能模块内，详细功能请参考下面完整代码。

（四）程序源代码

  1. #include<iostream>
  2. #include<conio.h>
  3. #include<stdlib.h>
  4. #include<stdio.h>
  5.  
  6. using namespace std;
  7.  
  8. struct students
  9. {
  10. 	string name;//姓名 
  11. 	string num;//学号 
  12. 	int chinese;//语文成绩 
  13. 	int math;//数学成绩 
  14. 	int english;//英语成绩		
  15. 	int sum;//总分 
  16. 	int rank;//排名 
  17. }stu[100];
  18. //替身 
  19. struct student
  20. {
  21. 	string name;//姓名 
  22. 	string num;//学号 
  23. 	int chinese;//语文成绩 
  24. 	int math;//数学成绩 
  25. 	int english;//英语成绩		
  26. 	int sum;//总分 
  27. 	int rank;//排名 
  28. }_stu[100];
  29.  
  30. void cover();//封面函数声明 
  31. void menu_main();
  32. void menu_search();
  33. void menu_single();
  34.  
  35. int main()
  36. {
  37. 	cover();
  38. 	getch();
  39. 	int n;
  40. 	int flag;
  41. 	system("cls");
  42. 	cout<<"Please enter the number of students:"<<endl;
  43. 	cin>>n;
  44. 	cout<<"Please enter student information:"<<endl;
  45. 	cout<<"INCLUDE:"<<endl;
  46. 	for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  47. 	{
  48. 		cout<<"----------------the number of "<<i<<" student:-------------------"<<endl; 
  49. 		cout<<"Name : "; cin>>stu[i].name;
  50. 		cout<<"Numbers : "; cin>>stu[i].num;
  51. 		cout<<"Chinese score : "; cin>>stu[i].chinese;
  52. 		cout<<"Math score    : "; cin>>stu[i].math;
  53. 		cout<<"English score : "; cin>>stu[i].english;
  54. 		stu[i].sum = stu[i].chinese + stu[i].math + stu[i].english;
  55. 	}
  56. 	
  57. do{	
  58. 	menu_main(); 
  59. 	cin>>flag;
  60. 	if(flag == 1)//新加一位
  61. 	{
  62. 		n = n+1;
  63. 		cout<<"Please enter new student information : "<<endl;
  64. 		cout<<"INCLUDE:";
  65. 		cout<<endl<<"Name : "; cin>>stu[n].name;
  66. 		cout<<"Numbers : "; cin>>stu[n].num;
  67. 		cout<<"Chinese score : "; cin>>stu[n].chinese;
  68. 		cout<<"Math score    : "; cin>>stu[n].math;
  69. 		cout<<"English score : "; cin>>stu[n].english;
  70. 		stu[n].sum = stu[n].chinese + stu[n].math + stu[n].english;
  71. 		cout<<"Add to complete (^v^)!"<<endl;
  72. 		getch();
  73. 	} 
  74. 	
  75. 	if(flag == 2)//成绩排名 
  76. 	{
  77. 		//冒泡排序
  78. 		for(int i = 1; i <= n ; i++)
  79. 		{
  80. 			for(int j = i+1 ; j <= n ; j++)
  81. 			{
  82. 				if(stu[j].sum>stu[i].sum)
  83. 				{
  84. 					//根据总分排序
  85. 					int temp = stu[j].sum;
  86. 					stu[j].sum = stu[i].sum;
  87. 					stu[i].sum = temp;
  88. 					//更换学号 
  89. 					string temp0 = stu[j].num;
  90. 					stu[j].num = stu[i].num;				
  91. 					stu[i].num = temp0;	
  92. 					//更换名字 
  93. 					string temp1 = stu[j].name;
  94. 					stu[j].name = stu[i].name;
  95. 					stu[i].name = temp1;
  96. 					//更换语文成绩 
  97. 					int temp2 = stu[j].chinese;
  98. 					stu[j].chinese = stu[i].chinese;
  99. 					stu[i].chinese = temp2;
  100. 					//更换数学成绩 
  101. 					int temp3 = stu[j].math;
  102. 					stu[j].math = stu[i].math;				
  103. 					stu[i].math = temp3;		
  104. 					//更换英语成绩 
  105. 					int temp4 = stu[j].english;
  106. 					stu[j].english = stu[i].english;				
  107. 					stu[i].english = temp4;		
  108. 				}		
  109. 			}
  110. 		}
  111. 		//rank
  112. 		for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  113. 		{
  114. 			stu[i].rank = i;
  115. 		}
  116. 		cout<<"The student ranking is complete !(^v^)!"<<endl;
  117. 		getch(); 
  118. 	} 
  119. 	
  120. 	if(flag == 3)//查询学生成绩 
  121. 	{
  122. 		int mark;
  123. 	do{
  124. 		menu_search();
  125. 		cin>>mark;
  126. 		if(mark == 1)
  127. 		{
  128. 			string num;
  129. 			cout<<"Input number:";
  130. 			cin>>num;
  131. 			for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  132. 			{
  133. 				if(num == stu[i].num)
  134. 				{
  135. 					cout<<"Name : "<<stu[i].name<<endl;
  136. 					cout<<"Chinese score : "<<stu[i].chinese<<endl;
  137. 					cout<<"Math score : "<<stu[i].math<<endl;
  138. 					cout<<"Englsih score : "<<stu[i].english<<endl;
  139. 					cout<<"Sum of score : "<<stu[i].sum<<endl;
  140. 					cout<<"Rank of student "<<stu[i].rank<<endl;
  141. 					getch();
  142. 				}
  143. 			}
  144. 		}
  145. 		if(mark == 2)
  146. 		{
  147. 			string name;
  148. 			cout<<"Input name : ";
  149. 			cin>>name;
  150. 			for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  151. 			{
  152. 				if(name == stu[i].name)
  153. 				{
  154. 					cout<<"Number : "<<stu[i].num<<endl;
  155. 					cout<<"Chinese score : "<<stu[i].chinese<<endl;
  156. 					cout<<"Math score : "<<stu[i].math<<endl;
  157. 					cout<<"Englsih score : "<<stu[i].english<<endl;
  158. 					cout<<"Sum of score : "<<stu[i].sum<<endl;
  159. 					cout<<"Rank of student "<<stu[i].rank<<endl;
  160. 					getch();
  161. 				}
  162. 			}
  163. 		}
  164. 		if(mark == 3)
  165. 		{
  166. 			int sum;
  167. 			cout<<"Input sum of score : ";
  168. 			cin>>sum;
  169. 			for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  170. 			{
  171. 				if(sum == stu[i].sum)
  172. 				{
  173. 					cout<<"Number : "<<stu[i].num<<endl;
  174. 					cout<<"Name : "<<stu[i].name<<endl;
  175. 					cout<<"Chinese score : "<<stu[i].chinese<<endl;
  176. 					cout<<"Math score : "<<stu[i].math<<endl;
  177. 					cout<<"Englsih score : "<<stu[i].english<<endl;
  178. 					cout<<"Rank of student "<<stu[i].rank<<endl;
  179. 					getch();
  180. 				}
  181. 			}
  182. 		}
  183. 		if(mark == 4)
  184. 		{
  185. 			int find;
  186. 			int search;
  187. 		do{	
  188. 			menu_single();
  189. 			cin>>find;
  190. 			
  191. 			if(find == 1)//查语文 
  192. 			{
  193. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  194. 				{
  195. 					_stu[i].name = stu[i].name;
  196. 					_stu[i].num = stu[i].num;
  197. 					_stu[i].chinese = stu[i].chinese;	
  198. 				}
  199. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)	
  200. 				{
  201. 					for(int j = i+1; j <= n; j++)
  202. 					{
  203. 						if(_stu[i].chinese < _stu[j].chinese)
  204. 						{	//更换语文成绩 
  205. 							int temp2 = _stu[j].chinese;
  206. 							_stu[j].chinese = _stu[i].chinese;
  207. 							_stu[i].chinese = temp2;
  208. 							//更换学号 
  209. 							string temp0 = _stu[j].num;
  210. 							_stu[j].num = _stu[i].num;				
  211. 							_stu[i].num = temp0;	
  212. 							//更换名字 
  213. 							string temp1 = _stu[j].name;
  214. 							_stu[j].name = _stu[i].name;
  215. 							_stu[i].name = temp1;
  216. 						}
  217. 					}
  218. 				}
  219. 				cout<<"Chinese transcripts : "<<endl; 
  220. 				cout<<"Name\tNumber\tChinese : "<<endl;	
  221. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  222. 				{
  223. 					cout<<_stu[i].name<<'\t'<<_stu[i].num<<'\t'<<_stu[i].chinese<<endl;
  224. 				}
  225. 				cout<<"Failure list of Chinese grades (score < 60 ): "<<endl;
  226. 				cout<<"Name\tNumber\tChinese : "<<endl;		
  227. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  228. 				{
  229. 					if(_stu[i].chinese < 60)
  230. 						cout<<_stu[i].name<<'\t'<<_stu[i].num<<'\t'<<_stu[i].chinese<<endl;
  231. 				}
  232. 				cout<<"For a quick search, press 5,(快捷搜索);"<<"Return to the parent directory , press 0 "<<endl;
  233. 				cin>>search;
  234. 				if(search == 5)
  235. 				{
  236. 				do{
  237. 					system("cls");
  238. 					int con;
  239. 					string S_name,S_num;
  240. 					cout<<"[Quick search]"<<endl<<endl;
  241. 					cout<<"Press '1' to continue,press '0' to stop ."<<endl;
  242. 					getch();
  243. 					cin>>con;
  244. 					if(con == 1)
  245. 					{
  246. 						cout<<"Please enter the name and student id"<<endl;
  247. 						cout<<"Name: "; cin>>S_name; cout<<"ID : "; cin>>S_num;
  248. 						for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  249. 						{
  250. 							if(S_name == _stu[i].name && S_num == _stu[i].num)
  251. 							{
  252. 								cout<<"Chinese : "<<_stu[i].chinese<<endl;	
  253. 							}	
  254. 						} 
  255. 						getch();
  256. 					}
  257. 					if(con == 0)
  258. 						search = 0;
  259. 				  }while( search!= 0);
  260. 				}
  261. 				cout<<"After the display is complete, press any key to return to the parent directory (@^V^@);"<<endl;
  262. 				getch();
  263. 			}
  264. 			
  265. 			if(find == 2)//查数学
  266. 			{
  267. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  268. 				{
  269. 					_stu[i].name = stu[i].name;
  270. 					_stu[i].num = stu[i].num;
  271. 					_stu[i].math = stu[i].math;	
  272. 				}
  273. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)	
  274. 				{
  275. 					for(int j = i+1; j <= n; j++)
  276. 					{
  277. 						if(_stu[i].math < _stu[j].math)
  278. 						{	//更换数学成绩 
  279. 							int temp2 = _stu[j].math;
  280. 							_stu[j].math = _stu[i].math;
  281. 							_stu[i].math = temp2;
  282. 							//更换学号 
  283. 							string temp0 = _stu[j].num;
  284. 							_stu[j].num = _stu[i].num;				
  285. 							_stu[i].num = temp0;	
  286. 							//更换名字 
  287. 							string temp1 = _stu[j].name;
  288. 							_stu[j].name = _stu[i].name;
  289. 							_stu[i].name = temp1;
  290. 						}
  291. 					}
  292. 				}
  293. 				cout<<"math transcripts : "<<endl; 
  294. 				cout<<"Name\tNumber\tMath : "<<endl;
  295. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  296. 				{
  297. 					cout<<_stu[i].name<<'\t'<<_stu[i].num<<'\t'<<_stu[i].math<<endl;
  298. 				}
  299. 				cout<<"Failure list of math grades (score < 60 ): "<<endl;
  300. 				cout<<"Name\tNumber\tMath : "<<endl;
  301. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  302. 				{
  303. 					if(_stu[i].math < 60)
  304. 						cout<<_stu[i].name<<'\t'<<_stu[i].num<<'\t'<<_stu[i].math<<endl;
  305. 				}
  306. 				cout<<"For a quick search, press 5,(快捷搜索);"<<"Return to the parent directory , press 0 "<<endl;
  307. 				cin>>search;
  308. 				if(search == 5)
  309. 				{
  310. 				do{
  311. 					system("cls");
  312. 					int con;
  313. 					string S_name,S_num;
  314. 					cout<<"[Quick search]"<<endl<<endl;
  315. 					cout<<"Press '1' to continue,press '0' to stop ."<<endl;
  316. 					getch();
  317. 					cin>>con;
  318. 					if(con == 1)
  319. 					{
  320. 						cout<<"Please enter the name and student id"<<endl;
  321. 						cout<<"Name: "; cin>>S_name; cout<<"ID : "; cin>>S_num;
  322. 						for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  323. 						{
  324. 							if(S_name == _stu[i].name && S_num == _stu[i].num)
  325. 							{
  326. 								cout<<"Math : "<<_stu[i].math<<endl;	
  327. 							}	
  328. 						} 
  329. 						getch();
  330. 					}
  331. 					if(con == 0)
  332. 						search = 0;
  333. 				  }while( search!= 0);
  334. 				}				
  335. 				cout<<"After the display is complete, press any key to return to the parent directory(@^V^@);"<<endl;
  336. 				getch();
  337. 			}
  338. 			
  339. 			if(find == 3)//查英语
  340. 			{
  341. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  342. 				{
  343. 					_stu[i].name = stu[i].name;
  344. 					_stu[i].num = stu[i].num;
  345. 					_stu[i].english = stu[i].english;	
  346. 				}
  347. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)	
  348. 				{
  349. 					for(int j = i+1; j <= n; j++)
  350. 					{
  351. 						if(_stu[i].english < _stu[j].english)
  352. 						{
  353. 							//更换英语成绩 
  354. 							int temp2 = _stu[j].english;
  355. 							_stu[j].english = _stu[i].english;
  356. 							_stu[i].english = temp2;
  357. 							//更换学号 
  358. 							string temp0 = _stu[j].num;
  359. 							_stu[j].num = _stu[i].num;				
  360. 							_stu[i].num = temp0;	
  361. 						//更换名字 
  362. 							string temp1 = _stu[j].name;
  363. 							_stu[j].name = _stu[i].name;
  364. 							_stu[i].name = temp1;
  365. 						}
  366. 					}
  367. 				}
  368. 				cout<<"english transcripts : "<<endl;
  369. 				cout<<"Name\tNumber\tEnglish : "<<endl; 
  370. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  371. 				{
  372. 					cout<<_stu[i].name<<'\t'<<_stu[i].num<<'\t'<<_stu[i].english<<endl;
  373. 				}
  374. 				cout<<"Failure list of english grades (score < 60 ): "<<endl;
  375. 				cout<<"Name\tNumber\tEnglish : "<<endl;	
  376. 				for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  377. 				{
  378. 					if(_stu[i].english < 60)
  379. 						cout<<_stu[i].name<<'\t'<<_stu[i].num<<'\t'<<_stu[i].english<<endl;
  380. 				}
  381. 				cout<<"For a quick search, press 5,(快捷搜索);"<<"Return to the parent directory , press 0 "<<endl;
  382. 				cin>>search;
  383. 				if(search == 5)
  384. 				{
  385. 				do{
  386. 					system("cls");
  387. 					int con;
  388. 					string S_name,S_num;
  389. 					cout<<"[Quick search]"<<endl<<endl;
  390. 					cout<<"Press '1' to continue,press '0' to stop ."<<endl;
  391. 					getch();
  392. 					cin>>con;
  393. 					if(con == 1)
  394. 					{
  395. 						cout<<"Please enter the name and student id"<<endl;
  396. 						cout<<"Name: "; cin>>S_name; cout<<"ID : "; cin>>S_num;
  397. 						for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  398. 						{
  399. 							if(S_name == _stu[i].name && S_num == _stu[i].num)
  400. 							{
  401. 								cout<<"English : "<<_stu[i].english<<endl;	
  402. 							}	
  403. 						} 
  404. 						getch();
  405. 					}
  406. 					if(con == 0)
  407. 						search = 0;
  408. 				  }while( search!= 0);
  409. 				}				
  410. 				cout<<"After the display is complete, press any key to return to the parent directory(@^V^@);"<<endl;
  411. 				getch();
  412. 			}
  413. 			 
  414. 		}while(find != 0);
  415. 		} 
  416. 	}while(mark != 0);
  417. 		cout<<"All content is displayed"<<endl;
  418. 		getch();
  419. 	}
  420. 	
  421. 	if(flag == 4)//修改成绩 
  422. 	{
  423. 		string name,_name,num;
  424. 		int chinese,math,english,sum;
  425. 		cout<<"Please enter the name of the person whose score you want to change:(你要修改谁的成绩？):";
  426. 		cin>>name;
  427. 		cout<<"Please re-enter the correct information (请重新输入正确的信息):"<<endl;
  428. 		cout<<"Name : "<<' '; cin>>_name;
  429. 		cout<<"Number : "<<' '; cin>>num;
  430. 		cout<<"Chinese : "<<' '; cin>>chinese;
  431. 		cout<<"English : "<<' '; cin>>english;
  432. 		cout<<"Math : "<<' '; cin>>math;
  433. 		sum = chinese + english + math;
  434. 		for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  435. 		{
  436. 			if(name == stu[i].name)
  437. 			{
  438. 					stu[i].name = _name; 
  439. 					stu[i].num = num;
  440. 					stu[i].chinese = chinese;
  441. 					stu[i].math = math;
  442. 					stu[i].english = english;
  443. 					stu[i].sum = sum;
  444. 			}
  445. 		} 
  446. 		cout<<"Modified completed !(^v^)!"<<endl;
  447. 		getch();
  448. 	}	
  449. 	if(flag == 5)//删除成绩
  450. 	{
  451. 		string del_name;
  452. 	//	struct students _stu[100];
  453. 		cout<<"Please enter the name of the student whose grade you wish to delete（请输入你要删除成绩的学生的姓名）：";
  454. 		cin>>del_name;
  455. 		for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  456. 		{
  457. 			if(del_name == stu[i].name)//找到了 
  458. 			{
  459. 			//	_stu[i].name = "\\";//   \ -是转义字符 
  460. 			//	_stu[i].num = "\\" ; 
  461. 				for(int j = 1; j <= i-1; j++)
  462. 				{
  463. 					_stu[j].name = stu[j].name;//将i前面的数据转移  
  464. 					_stu[j].num = stu[j].num;
  465. 					_stu[j].chinese = stu[j].chinese;
  466. 					_stu[j].math = stu[j].math;
  467. 					_stu[j].english = stu[j].english;
  468. 					_stu[j].sum = stu[j].sum;
  469. 				}
  470. 				//显然,_stu[i]中和i对应的数据是空的，但是没关系，重新排序就好了 ，此行必在最后面 
  471. 				//name = ' ',num = ' ', c = 0， m = 0， e = 0 ，sum = 0，r = ？ 
  472. 				for(int j = i+1; j <= n; j++)
  473. 				{
  474. 					_stu[j-1].name = stu[j].name;//将i后面的数据转移  
  475. 					_stu[j-1].num = stu[j].num;
  476. 					_stu[j-1].chinese = stu[j].chinese;
  477. 					_stu[j-1].math = stu[j].math;
  478. 					_stu[j-1].english = stu[j].english;
  479. 					_stu[j-1].sum = stu[j].sum;
  480. 				}
  481. 				n = n - 1;//点睛之笔， 别忘了让整体的数组元素少一 
  482. 				for(int k = 1; k <= n; k++)
  483. 				{
  484. 					stu[k].name = _stu[k].name;//换回 
  485. 					stu[k].num = _stu[k].num;
  486. 					stu[k].chinese = _stu[k].chinese;
  487. 					stu[k].math = _stu[k].math;
  488. 					stu[k].english = _stu[k].english;
  489. 					stu[k].sum = _stu[k].sum;		
  490. 				} 
  491. 				 
  492. 			}
  493. 		}
  494. 		cout<<"Delete finished, please reorder（删除完毕，请重新排序）!(^v^)!"<<endl;
  495. 		getch();
  496. 	}
  497.  
  498. 	if(flag == 6)//显示学生成绩信息
  499. 	{
  500. 		system("cls");
  501. 		cout<<"Student grades are as follows:"<<endl;
  502. 		cout<<"学号\t姓名\t语文\t数学\t英语\t总分\t名次"<<endl;
  503. 		for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
  504. 		{
  505. 			stu[i].rank = i;
  506. 			cout<<stu[i].num<<'\t'<<stu[i].name<<'\t'<<stu[i].
  507. 			chinese<<'\t'<<stu[i].math<<'\t'<<stu[i].english<<
  508. 			'\t'<<stu[i].sum<<'\t'<<stu[i].rank<<endl;
  509. 		}
  510. 		getch();
  511. 	} 
  512. 	
  513. }while(flag != 0);
  514. 	
  515. 	return 0;	
  516. } 
  517. void cover()
  518. {
  519. 		cout<<"====================================================================================="<<endl<<"*"
  520. 	<<"                                                                                   *"<<endl<<"*"
  521. 	<<"                                                                                   *"<<endl<<"*"
  522. 	<<"                                                                                   *"<<endl<<"*"
  523. 	<<"                                                                                   *"<<endl<<"*"
  524. 	<<"                                                                                   *"<<endl<<"*"
  525. 	<<"                                                                                   *"<<endl<<"*"
  526. 	<<"                                                                                   *"<<endl<<"*"
  527. 	<<"                                                                                   *"<<endl<<"*"
  528. 	<<"                                                                                   *"<<endl<<"*"
  529. 	<<"                                                                                   *"<<endl;
  530. 	cout<<"*                Welcome to the Student Achievement Management System               *"<<endl;//欢迎使用学生成绩管理系统 
  531. 	cout<<"*                       ( 欢 迎 使 用 学 生 成 绩 管 理 系 统 )                     *" <<endl;
  532. 	cout<<"*                                                                                   *"<<endl<<
  533. 	"*                                                                                   *"<<endl
  534. 	<<"*                                                                                   *"<<endl
  535. 	<<"*                                                                                   *"<<endl
  536. 	<<"*                                                                                   *"<<endl
  537. 	<<"*                                                                                   *"<<endl
  538. 	<<"*                                                                                   *"<<endl
  539. 	<<"*                                                                                   *"<<endl
  540. 	<<"*                                                                                   *"<<endl
  541. 	<<"*                                                                                   *"<<endl
  542. 	<<"*                                                                                   *"<<endl
  543. 	<<"=====================================================================================";
  544. }
  545.  
  546. void menu_main()//主页菜单
  547. {
  548. 	system("cls");
  549. 	cout<<endl;
  550. 	cout<<"====================================================================================="<<endl;
  551. 	cout<<"*                                  The home page menu                               *"<<endl;
  552. 	cout<<"====================================================================================="<<endl;	
  553. 	cout<<"*                      1 : Add（添加） a new classmate information;                 *"<<endl;
  554. 	cout<<"*                      2 : Student Achievement Ranking（排名）;                     *"<<endl;
  555. 	cout<<"*                      3 : Inquire(查询) student grades information;                *"<<endl;
  556. 	cout<<"*                      4 : Change(修改) student grades information;                 *"<<endl;
  557. 	cout<<"*                      5 : Delete(删除) student grades information;                 *"<<endl;
  558. 	cout<<"*                      6 : Display（展示） student information;                     *"<<endl;
  559. 	cout<<"*                      0 : Pressing '0' : Exit to system ;                          *"<<endl;
  560. 	cout<<"====================================================================================="<<endl;
  561. } 
  562. void menu_search()//查询菜单
  563. {
  564. 	system("cls");
  565. 	cout<<endl;
  566. 	cout<<"-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
  567. 	cout<<"*                                     Inquiry Modes:                                *"<<endl;
  568. 	cout<<"-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
  569. 	cout<<"*                              1：Student number query;                             *"<<endl;
  570. 	cout<<"*                              2：Name query;                                       *"<<endl;
  571. 	cout<<"*                              3：Total score query;                                *"<<endl;		
  572. 	cout<<"*                              4: Single subject score(单科成绩) query              *"<<endl;
  573. 	cout<<"*                                 and fail statistics（不及格统计）;                *"<<endl;
  574. 	cout<<"*                              0: Return main menu.                                 *"<<endl;
  575. 	cout<<"-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
  576. }
  577. void menu_single()//单科查询 
  578. {
  579. 	system("cls");
  580. 	cout<<endl;
  581. 	cout<<"-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
  582. 	cout<<"*                                   Subjects area :                                 *"<<endl;
  583. 	cout<<"-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
  584. 	cout<<"*                               1: Chinese transcript;                              *"<<endl;
  585. 	cout<<"*                               2: Math transcript;                                 *"<<endl;
  586. 	cout<<"*                               3: English transcript;                              *"<<endl;
  587. 	cout<<"*                               0: Return to the parent directory;                  *"<<endl;
  588. 	cout<<"*                               Attention: Press the 1 or 2 or 3 key to select;     *"<<endl;
  589. 	cout<<"-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
  590. }

注：本程序全部采用面向过程编程，思路和逻辑都属于C语言范畴，但输入输出为了方便都采用了cout，cin等高级语法，读者可自行更改；并且大量提示信息都采用英文书写更显高级感，读者觉得看着不方便也可自行改成中文；最后，谢谢大家的阅读与采纳。

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