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Android 使用adb操作WiFi连接扫描等相关指令_adb wifi
作者：weixin_40725706 | 2024-08-15 21:27:24
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adb wifi
Android 使用adb操作WiFi连接扫描等相关指令
一、前言
Android系统调试是，如果没有系统原生设置应用又需要调试验证WiFi功能时，
可以使用一些指令来验证调试WiFi相关功能，
最常用的就是 svc wifi enable/disable，或者使用iv dev来验证，
但对于AP功能就没办法验证了，并且可调试功能比较少，
其实Android系统自带有组很强大的shell指令集，
这里记录下平时使用的cmd wifi 相关指令。
系统初期开发或者定位一下wifi、热点问题会比较有用。
本文不仅详细介绍cmd wifi相关用法，并且后续有介绍系统Java代码中具体控制位置，
如果有特殊需求可以对命令进行扩展定制。
目前网上还没有这么全面介绍的文章，有wifi调试需求的可以先收藏后续慢慢查看。
二、adb shell cmd wifi 主要命令
### 1、adb shell cmd wifi -h
查看WiFi所有指令以及参数
命令具体信息太多，最后展示。
串口查看命令具体参数技巧，grep 某个关键字：
console:/ # cmd wifi -h | grep connect-network
connect-network <ssid> open|owe|wpa2|wpa3|wep [<passphrase>] [-x] [-m] [-d] [-b <bssid>] [-r auto|none|persistent|non_persistent]
console:/ #
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下面很多命令返回的结果是使用串口工具展示的，串口命令是不需要adb 连接的。
2、打开关闭WLAN
adb shell cmd wifi set-wifi-enabled enabled
adb shell cmd wifi set-wifi-enabled disabled
3、扫描WiFi 和查看扫描列表
adb shell cmd wifi start-scan //扫描
adb shell cmd wifi list-scan-results //查看扫描结果
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cmd wifi list-scan-results 命令扫描到的信息：
console:/ #
console:/ # cmd wifi list-scan-results
BSSID Frequency RSSI Age(sec) SSID Flags
48:5f:08:ed:f7:f1 5200 -68 10.148 synwcs_5G [WPA2-PSK-CCMP][RSN-PSK-CCMP][WPA-PSK-CCMP][ESS]
34:f7:16:92:87:6c 2442 -38 10.148 syrj [WPA-PSK-CCMP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP][RSN-PSK-CCMP][ESS]
de:00:1a:bc:b3:4a 2422 -57 10.148 IFLYHub_86_7849 [WPA2-PSK-CCMP][RSN-PSK-CCMP][ESS]
80:ea:07:28:ef:1c 5240 -96 10.148 HorionRj_5G [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][RSN-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][ESS]
48:5f:08:45:a6:c1 5805 -53 10.148 SYEBSW-5G [WPA-PSK-CCMP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP][RSN-PSK-CCMP][ESS]
f4:84:8d:24:19:35 5785 -77 10.148 synwcs-m_5G [WPA-PSK-CCMP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP][RSN-PSK-CCMP][ESS]
console:/ #
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扫描列表中信息含义：
BSSID ：MAC地址
Frequency ：信号频段，5G：5160到5865，2.4G：2401~2483MHz
RSSI ：wifi信号强度，RSSI >=-55为满格信号,level为4，每个level之间的Rssi的跳变为15
Age(sec) ：响应时间？
SSID ：wifi名称
Flags ：加密格式，包含加密相关字符
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4、连接WiFi
adb shell cmd wifi connect-network wifiName wpa2 12345678
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//wifiName 连接WiFi名称
//wpa2 加密方式,如果没有密码写 open ，最后的密码不用写
//12345678 密码
如果没有密码，连接xm名称的wifi：
cmd wifi connect-network xm open
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5、查看WiFi状态
adb shell cmd wifi status
(1) wifi 正常连接下的信息：
C:\Users\As11040>adb shell cmd wifi status Wifi is enabled //（1）查看到Wifi的开关状态 Wifi scanning is only available when wifi is enabled //（2）扫描状态 ==== Primary ClientModeManager instance ==== Wifi is connected to "xm5G" //（3）wifi连接的名称，下面是详细信息 WifiInfo: SSID: "xm5G", BSSID: 8c:53:c3:53:c6:59, MAC: c0:f5:35:4f:a3:e0, IP: /192.168.31.17, Security type: 0, Supplicant state: COMPLETED, Wi-Fi standard: 5, RSSI: -46, Link speed: 702Mbps, Tx Link speed: 702Mbps, Max Supported Tx Link speed: 866Mbps, Rx Link speed: 780Mbps, Max Supported Rx Link speed: 866Mbps, Frequency: 5785MHz, Net ID: 2, Metered hint: false, score: 60, isUsable: true, CarrierMerged: false, SubscriptionId: -1, IsPrimary: 1, Trusted: true, Restricted: false, Ephemeral: false, OEM paid: false, OEM private: false, OSU AP: false, FQDN: <none>, Provider friendly name: <none>, Requesting package name: <none>"xm5G"openMLO Information: , Is TID-To-Link negotiation supported by the AP: false, AP MLD Address: <none>, AP MLO Link Id: <none>, AP MLO Affiliated links: <none> successfulTxPackets: 317 successfulTxPacketsPerSecond: 2.4672825327175896 retriedTxPackets: 3898 retriedTxPacketsPerSecond: 0.4502428708131321 lostTxPackets: 42 lostTxPacketsPerSecond: 0.0 successfulRxPackets: 173 successfulRxPacketsPerSecond: 2.4364789031543634 C:\Users\As11040>
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(2)串口查看wifi关闭情况的信息：
console:/ # cmd wifi status
Wifi is disabled
Wifi scanning is only available when wifi is enabled
console:/ #
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(3)串口查看wifi开启，但是未连接wifi情况的信息：
console:/ # cmd wifi status
Wifi is enabled
Wifi scanning is only available when wifi is enabled
==== ClientModeManager instance: ConcreteClientModeManager{id=2374293 iface=wlan0 role=ROLE_CLIENT_PRIMARY} ====
Wifi is not connected
console:/ #
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6、查看已保存或者连接的WiFi列表
Unknown command: list-network //未连接wifi前的情况
255|console:/ # cmd wifi list-networks
No networks
console:/ #
console:/ # cmd wifi list-networks //连接wifi后的打印
Network Id SSID Security type
0 xm5G open
0 xm5G owe^
1 syrj wpa2-psk
1 syrj wpa3-sae^
console:/ #
console:/ #
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上面可以看到每连接一个wifi都会有重复多一个，另外一个信息是不准确的，这个不影响。
7、打开关闭热点
（1）打开热点
adb shell cmd wifi start-softap ap_ssidxx wpa2 12345678 -b 5
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// ap_ssidxx 热点名称
// wpa2 加密方式
//12345678 密码
//-b 5 5G频段
实际运行运行中，运行上面代码，会有点小问题：
热点是开启了，也可以被搜到和连接上；
但是打开Setings应用发现，热点名称，密码，加密类型等信息并没有修改，重启后也是无效的；
所以说这个方法开启热点只能单次有效。
（2）关闭热点
adb shell cmd wifi stop-softap
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关闭是没啥问题的。
三、其他
1、adb shell cmd wifi -h 完整信息
C:\Users\As11140>adb shell cmd wifi -h Wi-Fi (wifi) commands: help or -h Print this help text. get-country-code //(1)获取国家码 Gets country code as a two-letter string set-wifi-enabled enabled|disabled //（2）wifi打开和关闭 Enables/disables Wifi on this device. set-scan-always-available enabled|disabled //（3）设置是否扫描状态 Sets whether scanning should be available even when wifi is off. list-scan-results //（4）查看扫描到的列表 Lists the latest scan results start-scan //（5）开始扫描 Start a new scan list-networks //（6）保存的wifi，名称和networkid Lists the saved networks forget-network <networkId> //（7）忘记某个网络的networkid Remove the network mentioned by <networkId> - Use list-networks to retrieve <networkId> for the network status //（8）wifi当前状态，打开状态和连接状态 Current wifi status set-verbose-logging enabled|disabled //（9）wifi打印等级是否调高 Set the verbose logging enabled or disabled is-verbose-logging //（10）wifi打印等级查看 Check whether verbose logging enabled or disabled start-restricting-auto-join-to-subscription-id subId temporarily disable all wifi networks except merged carrier networks with the given subId stop-restricting-auto-join-to-subscription-id Undo the effects of start-restricting-auto-join-to-subscription-id add-suggestion <ssid> open|owe|wpa2|wpa3 [<passphrase>] [-u] [-o] [-p] [-m] [-s] [-d] [-b <bssid>] [-e] [-i] [-a <carrierId>] [-c <subscriptionId>] Add a network suggestion with provided params Use 'network-suggestions-set-user-approved com.android.shell yes' to approve suggestions added via shell (Needs root access) <ssid> - SSID of the network open|owe|wpa2|wpa3 - Security type of the network. - Use 'open' or 'owe' for networks with no passphrase - 'open' - Open networks (Most prevalent) - 'owe' - Enhanced open networks - Use 'wpa2' or 'wpa3' for networks with passphrase - 'wpa2' - WPA-2 PSK networks (Most prevalent) - 'wpa3' - WPA-3 PSK networks -u - Mark the suggestion untrusted. -o - Mark the suggestion oem paid. -p - Mark the suggestion oem private. -m - Mark the suggestion metered. -h - Mark the network hidden. -s - Share the suggestion with user. -d - Mark the suggestion autojoin disabled. -b <bssid> - Set specific BSSID. -r - Enable non_persistent randomization (disabled by default) -a - Mark the suggestion carrier merged -c <carrierId> - set carrier Id -i <subscriptionId> - set subscription Id, if -a is used, this must be set remove-suggestion <ssid> [-l] Remove a network suggestion with provided SSID of the network -l - Remove suggestion with lingering, if not set will disconnect immediately remove-all-suggestions Removes all suggestions added via shell list-suggestions //（12）对应List<WifiNetworkSuggestion> ，不清楚作用 Lists the suggested networks added via shell set-coex-cell-channels [lte|nr <bandNumber 1-261> <downlinkFreqKhz or UNKNOWN: -1> <downlinkBandwidthKhz or UNKNOWN: 0> <uplinkFreqKhz or UNKNOWN: -1> <uplinkBandwidthKhz or UNKNOWN: 0>] ... Sets a list of zero or more cell channels to use for coex calculations. Actual device reported cell channels will be ignored until reset-coex-cell-channels is called. reset-coex-cell-channels Removes all cell channels set in set-coex-cell-channels and returns to listening on actual device reported cell channels get-coex-cell-channels Prints the cell channels being used for coex. set-connected-score <score> Set connected wifi network score (to choose between LTE & Wifi for default route). This turns off the active connected scorer (default or external). Only works while connected to a wifi network. This score will stay in effect until you call reset-connected-score or the device disconnects from the current network. <score> - Integer score should be in the range of 0 - 60 reset-connected-score Turns on the default connected scorer. Note: Will clear any external scorer set. //（13）打开热点 start-softap <ssid> (open|wpa2|wpa3|wpa3_transition|owe|owe_transition) <passphrase> [-b 2|5|6|any|bridged|bridged_2_5|bridged_2_6|bridged_5_6] [-x] [-f <int> [<int>]] Start softap with provided params Note that the shell command doesn't activate internet tethering. In some devices, internet sharing is possible when Wi-Fi STA is also enabled and isassociated to another AP with internet access. <ssid> - SSID of the network open|wpa2|wpa3|wpa3_transition|owe|owe_transition - Security type of the network. - Use 'open', 'owe', 'owe_transition' for networks with no passphrase - Use 'wpa2', 'wpa3', 'wpa3_transition' for networks with passphrase -b 2|5|6|any|bridged|bridged_2_5|bridged_2_6|bridged_5_6 - select the preferred bands. - Use '2' to select 2.4GHz band as the preferred band - Use '5' to select 5GHz band as the preferred band - Use '6' to select 6GHz band as the preferred band - Use 'any' to indicate no band preference - Use 'bridged' to indicate bridged AP which enables APs on both 2.4G + 5G - Use 'bridged_2_5' to indicate bridged AP which enables APs on both 2.4G + 5G - Use 'bridged_2_6' to indicate bridged AP which enables APs on both 2.4G + 6G - Use 'bridged_5_6' to indicate bridged AP which enables APs on both 5G + 6G Note: If the band option is not provided, 2.4GHz is the preferred band. The exact channel is auto-selected by FW unless overridden by force-softap-channel command or '-f <int> <int>' option -f <int> <int> - force exact channel frequency for operation channel Note: -f <int> <int> - must be the last option For example: Use '-f 2412' to enable single Soft Ap on 2412 Use '-f 2412 5745' to enable bridged dual Soft Ap on 2412 and 5745 -x - Specifies the SSID as hex digits instead of plain text (T and above) stop-softap Stop softap (hotspot) //（14）关闭热点 pmksa-flush <networkId> - Flush the local PMKSA cache associated with the network id. Use list-networks to retrieve <networkId> for the network reload-resources Reset the WiFi resources cache which will cause them to be reloaded next time they are accessed. Necessary if overlays are manually modified. launch-dialog-simple [-t <title>] [-m <message>] [-l <url> <url_start> <url_end>] [-y <positive_button_text>] [-n <negative_button_text>] [-x <neutral_button_text>] [-c <timeout_millis>] Launches a simple dialog and waits up to 15 seconds to print the response. -t - Title -m - Message -l - URL of the message, with the start and end index inside the message -y - Positive Button Text -n - Negative Button Text -x - Neutral Button Text -c - Optional timeout in milliseconds -s - Use the legacy dialog implementation on the system process launch-dialog-p2p-invitation-sent <device_name> <pin> [-i <display_id>] Launches a P2P Invitation Sent dialog. <device_name> - Name of the device the invitation was sent to <pin> - PIN for the invited device to input launch-dialog-p2p-invitation-received <device_name> [-p] [-d <pin>] [-i <display_id>] [-c <timeout_millis>] Launches a P2P Invitation Received dialog and waits up to 15 seconds to print the response. <device_name> - Name of the device sending the invitation -p - Show PIN input -d - Display PIN <pin> -i - Display ID -c - Optional timeout in milliseconds query-interface <uid> <package_name> STA|AP|AWARE|DIRECT [-new] Query whether the specified could be created for the specified UID and package name, and if so - what other interfaces would be destroyed -new - query for a new interfaces (otherwise an existing interface is ok interface-priority-interactive-mode enable|disable|default Enable or disable asking the user when there's an interface priority conflict, |default| implies using the device default behavior. set-one-shot-screen-on-delay-ms <delayMs> set the delay for the next screen-on connectivity scan in milliseconds. set-network-selection-config <enabled|disabled> <enabled|disabled> -a <associated_network_selection_override> set whether sufficiency check is enabled for screen off case (first arg), and screen on case (second arg) -a - set as one of the int WifiNetworkSelectionConfig.ASSOCIATED_NETWORK_SELECTION_OVERRIDE_ values: 0 - no override 1 - override to enabled 2 - override to disabled set-ipreach-disconnect enabled|disabled Sets whether CMD_IP_REACHABILITY_LOST events should trigger disconnects. get-ipreach-disconnect Gets setting of CMD_IP_REACHABILITY_LOST events triggering disconnects. take-bugreport take bugreport through betterBug. If it failed, take bugreport through bugreport manager. get-allowed-channel //（15）当前设备支持的信道值，热点相关 get allowed channels in each operation mode from wifiManager if available. Otherwise, it returns from wifiScanner. C:\Users\As11140>
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上面标记了15个 可能会用到的场景，其他的场景看不懂，也没怎么用过，有兴趣的可以自己看看。
整个信息太多了，有时候不好找。
可以在adb shell 或者设备串口中使用 grep 过滤关键字查看相关信息：
cmd wifi -h | grep xxx关键字
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2、 adb shell cmd wifi 命令在系统中的具体代码
Android cmd wifi 控制和查询wifi命令的控制代码都在 WifiShellCommand.java 里面。
WifiShellCommand.java 代码位置：
Android13 或者更新版本的 WifiShellCommand.java 的具体位置：
package\modules\Wifi\service\java\com\android\server\wifi\WifiShellCommand.java
Android11 或者更旧版本的 WifiShellCommand.java 的具体位置：
frameworks\opt\net\wifi\service\java\com\android\server\wifi\WifiShellCommand.java
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关键代码如下：
public class WifiShellCommand extends BasicShellCommandHandler { @VisibleForTesting public static String SHELL_PACKAGE_NAME = "com.android.shell"; // These don't require root access. // However, these do perform permission checks in the corresponding WifiService methods. private static final String[] NON_PRIVILEGED_COMMANDS = {//命令汇总 "add-suggestion", "forget-network", "get-country-code", "help", "-h", "is-verbose-logging", "list-scan-results", "list-networks", "list-suggestions", "remove-suggestion", "remove-all-suggestions", "reset-connected-score", "set-connected-score", "set-scan-always-available", "set-verbose-logging", "set-wifi-enabled", "set-passpoint-enabled", "set-multi-internet-state", "start-scan", "start-softap", "status", "stop-softap", "query-interface", "interface-priority-interactive-mode", "set-one-shot-screen-on-delay-ms", "set-network-selection-config", "set-ipreach-disconnect", "get-ipreach-disconnect", "take-bugreport", "get-allowed-channel", }; @Override public int onCommand(String cmd) { // Treat no command as help command. if (TextUtils.isEmpty(cmd)) { cmd = "help"; } // Explicit exclusion from root permission if (ArrayUtils.indexOf(NON_PRIVILEGED_COMMANDS, cmd) == -1) { final int uid = Binder.getCallingUid(); if (uid != Process.ROOT_UID) { throw new SecurityException( "Uid " + uid + " does not have access to " + cmd + " wifi command " + "(or such command doesn't exist)"); } } final PrintWriter pw = getOutPrintWriter(); try { switch (cmd) { case "set-ipreach-disconnect": { boolean enabled = getNextArgRequiredTrueOrFalse("enabled", "disabled"); mWifiGlobals.setIpReachabilityDisconnectEnabled(enabled); return 0; } case "set-wifi-enabled": { //开关wifi boolean enabled = getNextArgRequiredTrueOrFalse("enabled", "disabled"); //调用 WifiService.setWifiEnabled 接口开关wifi mWifiService.setWifiEnabled(SHELL_PACKAGE_NAME, enabled); return 0; } case "list-networks": //查看已连接或者已保存的wifi列表 //获取wifi列表 ParceledListSlice<WifiConfiguration> networks = mWifiService.getConfiguredNetworks(SHELL_PACKAGE_NAME, null, false); if (networks == null || networks.getList().isEmpty()) { pw.println("No networks"); } else { pw.println("Network Id SSID Security type"); for (WifiConfiguration network : networks.getList()) { String securityType = network.getSecurityParamsList().stream() .map(p -> WifiConfiguration.getSecurityTypeName( p.getSecurityType()) + (p.isAddedByAutoUpgrade() ? "^" : "")) .collect(Collectors.joining("/")); pw.println(String.format("%-12d %-32s %-4s", network.networkId, WifiInfo.sanitizeSsid(network.SSID), securityType)); } } return 0; case ... } } } }
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上面只展示了set-wifi-enabled 和 list-networks 命令相关代码，
其他的也是类似的调用WifiService 相关api实现具体功能，部分接口是有用print打印返回的数据。
代码大概有两千多行,有兴趣的可以看看源码：
http://aospxref.com/android-13.0.0_r3/xref/packages/modules/Wifi/service/java/com/android/server/wifi/WifiShellCommand.java
3、svc控制 wifi、热点、蓝牙命令
svc 主要命令：
adb shell svc power|wifi|bluetooth|usb|nfc
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从上面介绍可以知道，其实只要记住 svc，那么就是提示其他相关命令，然后再输入功能命令，就会显示具体参数介绍。
svc 功能只能对某个模块开关等基础功能。
svc详解： https://blog.csdn.net/wenzhi20102321/article/details/132779708
4、iw dev命令
（1）iw dev 示例
iw dev 命令比较特殊，这个命令是直接对节点数据进行查询和设置的，不需要经过WifiService那些Java逻辑。
console:/ # iw dev //查看无线设备信息,和相关节点 phy#0 Unnamed/non-netdev interface wdev 0x4 addr c2:f5:35:4f:a3:e0 type P2P-device txpower 31.00 dBm Interface wlan1 //热点 节点 ifindex 17 wdev 0x2 addr d2:4e:71:f2:ce:56 ssid AndroidAP_1026 //热点名称 type AP channel 157 (5785 MHz), width: 80 MHz, center1: 5775 MHz txpower 31.00 dBm Interface wlan0 //wifi节点 ifindex 16 wdev 0x1 addr c0:f5:35:4f:a3:e0 ssid xm5G //wifi已连接的名称 type managed channel 157 (5785 MHz), width: 80 MHz, center1: 5775 MHz txpower 31.00 dBm console:/ # sched_stop
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这个命令我也不熟悉，是最近几天通过驱动底层开发人员一起调试设备了解到的命令。
（2）通过wifi节点搜索wifi列表
比如搜索wifi列表, iw wlan0 scan | grep SSID：
console:/ # iw wlan0 scan | grep SSID
SSID:
SSID: syrj_5G
* SSID List
SSID: B-LINK-5G_EE7180
SSID: xm5G
SSID: ktceb-vpn-5G
SSID: VPN_5G
SSID: SYEBSW-5G
SSID: syrj
* SSID List
SSID: ktceb-vpn-2.4G
SSID:
SSID: SYEBSW-2.4G
console:/ #
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如果没有grep SSID会看到很多打印，比如每个wifi的加密情况和其他配置信息。
实际开发调试中系统有出现过上层接口无法打开wifi的情况（原因：上层调用IWifi接口卡死），
但是强制up打开 wlan0 后，是直接可以使用iw wlan0 命令搜索到wifi 列表，
说明内核是正常加载的，后面发现是binder IWifi异常了，是hardware 层的服务无法连接，
并不是WifiManager到WifiService的 binder异常，
底层适配修改了 usb_inotify 、ko驱动和相关加载逻辑进行解决。
（3）iw dev 主要命令
iw 命令后面加上不同的参数，例如：
iw dev interface add 用于添加一个新的接口
iw dev del 用于删除一个接口
iw dev scan 用于扫描可用的无线网络
iw dev support 用于查看设备支持的参数
dev 表示不同的节点名称，比我wifi的 wlan0
请注意，某些命令可能需要root权限才能运行。
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常用的就是：iw dev del，iw dev scan ，其他命令简单执行了一下，发现返回的提示数据非常多，有点看不懂。
5、adb简介及常用命令总结
1、启动adb:adb start-server；adb shell start 包名/类名 启动应用 2、查看已经连接的设备：adb devices 3、adb logcat： 打印log信息 4、发送文件到设备：adb push 5、下载文件到电脑：adb pull 手机文件路径 电脑目标路径 6、截屏命令：adb shell screencap /sdcard/screen.png 传出到本地：adb pull /sdcard/screen.png 7、杀死adb：adb kill-server 8、adb连接：adb connect …(ip地址) 9、adb 命令控制：adb shell 10、adb connect/disconnect：通过wifi远程连接手机调试. 11、adb shell am：am即activity manager. 备注：该命令用来执行一些系统动作, 例如启动指定activity, 结束进程, 发送广播, 更改屏幕属性等 12、 adb root：以root身份重新进入adb 13、adb remount刷新文件系统 14、adb pull sdcard/bk100 c:/ 取出bk100文件夹下面的所有文件到c盘根目录 15、adb push c:/log.txt sdcard/ 将c盘下的log文件复制到sdcard根目录 16、adb shell am force-stop 包名 停止应用 17、adb shell am kill 包名 停止应用并杀死进程 18、adb install c:/a.apk安装a.apk到设备 19、adb uninstall 包名 卸载应用 20、adb shell input tap 100,200 点击屏幕x，y坐标 21、adb shell input swipe 250 250 300 300 滑动操作 22、adb shell input keyevent 3 模拟按键,比如home键的keycode=3，back键的keycode=4 23、studio 连接不上夜神模拟器解决方法:进入夜神bin目录——M:\Program Files (x86)\Nox\bin——执行如下命令： nox_adb.exe connect 127.0.0.1:62001
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adb简介及常用命令总结详解：
https://blog.csdn.net/wenzhi20102321/article/details/113487927
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