RabbitMQ整合SpringCloud_com.rabbiter.em

作者：一键难忘520 | 2024-07-03 03:14:53

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com.rabbiter.em

RabbitMQ相关知识点思维导图如下：

注意一点，在发送消息的时候对template进行配置mandatory=true保证监听有效；生产端还可以配置其他属性，比如发送重试，超时时间、次数、间隔等

消费端核心配置

首先配置手工确认模式，用于ACK的手工处理，这样我们可以保证消息的可靠性送达，或者在消费端消费失败的时候可以做到重回队列、根据业务记录日志等处理
可以设置消费端的监听个数和最大个数，用于控制消费端的并发情况

@RabbitListener注解的使用

消费端监听@RabbitListener注解，这个对于在实际工作中非常的好用；@RabbitListener是一个组合注解，里面可以注解配置（@QueueBinding、@Queue、@Exchange）直接通过这个组合注解一次性搞定消费端交换机、队列、绑定、路由、并且配置监听功能等

相关代码

rabbitmq-common子项目：

order.java（注意一定要实现序列号接口）：


package com.ue.entity;
 
import java.io.Serializable;
 
public class Order implements Serializable {
 
    private String id;
    private String name;
 
    public Order() {
    }
    public Order(String id, String name) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

pom.xml：


<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
 
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

rabbitmq-springcloud-consumer子项目：

RabbitReceiver.java（消费端，实际开发中可当成是service层，在controller层调用）：


package com.ue.conusmer;
 
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.ue.entity.Order;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.AmqpHeaders;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Headers;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Payload;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
import java.util.Map;
 
@Component
public class RabbitReceiver {
 
   @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
         value = @Queue(value = "queue-1",//指定消息队列名称
         durable="true"),
         exchange = @Exchange(value = "exchange-1",//指定交换机名称
         durable="true", 
         type= "topic", //指定交换机的类型：主题交换机
         ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true"),
         key = "springboot.*"//指定路由key
         )
   )
 
   @RabbitHandler
   public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
      System.err.println("--------------------------------------");
      System.err.println("消费端Payload: " + message.getPayload());
      Long deliveryTag = (Long)message.getHeaders().get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG);
      //手工ACK
      channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false);
   }
   
   /**
    * spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name=queue-2
      spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable=true
      spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name=exchange-1
      spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable=true
      spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type=topic
      spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions=true
      spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key=springboot.*
    * @param order
    * @param channel
    * @param headers
    * @throws Exception
    */
   @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
         value = @Queue(value = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name}", 
         durable="${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable}"),
         exchange = @Exchange(value = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name}", 
         durable="${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable}", 
         type= "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type}", 
         ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions}"),
         key = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key}"
         )
   )
 
   @RabbitHandler
   public void onOrderMessage(@Payload Order order,
         Channel channel,
         @Headers Map<String, Object> headers) throws Exception {
      System.err.println("--------------------------------------");
      System.err.println("消费端order: " + order.getId());
      Long deliveryTag = (Long)headers.get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG);
      //手工ACK
      channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false);
   }
}

pom.xml：


<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
 
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.ue</groupId>
        <artifactId>rabbitmq-common</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
 
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
 
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

application.properties：


spring.rabbitmq.addresses=xxx:5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000
 
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=manual
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.concurrency=5
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.max-concurrency=10
 
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name=queue-2
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name=exchange-2
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type=topic
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key=springboot.*

MainConfig.java：


package com.ue;
 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.ue.*"})
public class MainConfig {
 
}

rabbitmq-springcloud-producer子项目：

RabbitSender.java（生产端，实际开发中可当成是service层，在controller层调用）：


package com.ue.producer;
 
import com.ue.entity.Order;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessageHeaders;
import org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
import java.util.Map;
 
@Component
public class RabbitSender {
 
   //自动注入RabbitTemplate模板类
   @Autowired
   private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
 
   //回调函数: confirm确认，对于broker来说如果没有被签收或签收，都会给生产端发消息
   final ConfirmCallback confirmCallback = new ConfirmCallback() {
      @Override
      public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) {
         System.err.println("correlationData: " + correlationData);
         System.err.println("ack: " + ack);
         if(!ack){
            System.err.println("异常处理....");
         }
      }
   };
 
   //回调函数: return返回，路由键没有找到会进行下面的逻辑处理
   final ReturnCallback returnCallback = new ReturnCallback() {
      @Override
      public void returnedMessage(org.springframework.amqp.core.Message message, int replyCode, String replyText,
                                  String exchange, String routingKey) {
         System.err.println("return exchange: " + exchange + ", routingKey: "
                 + routingKey + ", replyCode: " + replyCode + ", replyText: " + replyText);
      }
   };
 
   //发送消息方法调用: 构建Message消息
   public void send(Object message, Map<String, Object> properties) throws Exception {
      MessageHeaders mhs = new MessageHeaders(properties);
      Message msg = MessageBuilder.createMessage(message, mhs);
      rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(confirmCallback);
      rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(returnCallback);
      //id + 时间戳 全局唯一
      CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData("1234567890");
      rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange-1", "springboot.abc", msg, correlationData);
   }
 
   //发送消息方法调用: 构建自定义对象消息
   public void sendOrder(Order order) throws Exception {
      rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(confirmCallback);
      rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(returnCallback);
      //id + 时间戳 全局唯一
      CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData("0987654321");
      rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange-2", "springboot.def", order, correlationData);
   }
}

pom.xml：


<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
 
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
 
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.ue</groupId>
        <artifactId>rabbitmq-common</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

application.properties：


spring.rabbitmq.addresses=xxx:5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000
 
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true
spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory=true

MainConfig.java：


package com.ue;
 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.ue.*"})
public class MainConfig {
 
}

RabbitmqSpringcloudProducerApplicationTests.java（测试类）：


package com.ue;
 
import com.ue.entity.Order;
import com.ue.producer.RabbitSender;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
 
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
 
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitmqSpringcloudProducerApplicationTests {
 
    @Autowired
    private RabbitSender rabbitSender;
 
    private static SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS");
 
    @Test
    public void testSender1() throws Exception {
        Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<>();
        properties.put("number", "12345");
        properties.put("send_time", simpleDateFormat.format(new Date()));
        rabbitSender.send("Hello RabbitMQ For Spring Boot!", properties);
    }
 
    @Test
    public void testSender2() throws Exception {
        Order order = new Order("001", "第一个订单");
        rabbitSender.sendOrder(order);
    }
}

测试时先启动消费者，再运行测试的方法：

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