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思考一个面试题,一个 Service 运行在独立的进程里,在这个 Service 的 onCreate 方法里执行耗时操作会造成 ANR 吗?
直接说结论:会,但是不会有 ANR 的弹窗。
ANR 的四种场景:
Service TimeOut: service 未在规定时间执行完成:前台服务 20s,后台 200s
BroadCastQueue TimeOut: 未在规定时间内未处理完广播:前台广播 10s 内, 后台 60s 内
ContentProvider TimeOut: publish 在 10s 内没有完成
Input Dispatching timeout: 5s 内未响应键盘输入、触摸屏幕等事件
ANR 的根本原因是:应用未在规定的时间内处理 AMS 指定的任务才会 ANR。
所以 Service 未在指定时间内执行完成而且非主进程的 Service 仍然需要通过 AMS 进行通信。这也能说明一定会产生 ANR 的。
理论上是会,那我们就写个小 demo 来试一下。
写一个 Service:
- class NoZuoNoDieService: Service() {
- override fun onBind(intent: Intent?): IBinder? {
- return null
- }
-
- override fun onCreate() {
- super.onCreate()
- // 小睡会模拟耗时
- Thread.sleep(21_000)
- }
- }
然后在 AndroidManifest 里声明在独立进程
- <service
- android:name=".service.NoZuoNoDieService"
- android:process=":whatever"
- />
最后我们把这个 Service 调起来作死
startService(Intent(this, NoZuoNoDieService::class.java))
应用并没有 ANR 弹窗,不过 logcat 有 ANR 相关信息,看一下 trace 文件:
- ----- pid 14608 at 2021-03-23 19:56:20 -----
- Cmd line: demo.com.sam.demofactory:whatever
- ... 省略无关信息
- "main" prio=5 tid=1 Sleeping
- | group="main" sCount=1 dsCount=0 flags=1 obj=0x73f13a80 self=0x78e7cc2a00
- | sysTid=14608 nice=0 cgrp=default sched=0/0 handle=0x796c96d9a8
- | state=S schedstat=( 57816925 3067496 80 ) utm=2 stm=3 core=4 HZ=100
- | stack=0x7fe1d03000-0x7fe1d05000 stackSize=8MB
- | held mutexes=
- at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native method)
- - sleeping on <0x0a71f3e8> (a java.lang.Object)
- at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Thread.java:373)
- - locked <0x0a71f3e8> (a java.lang.Object)
- at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Thread.java:314)
- at demo.com.sam.demofactory.service.NoZuoNoDieService.onCreate(NoZuoNoDieService.kt:15)
- at android.app.ActivityThread.handleCreateService(ActivityThread.java:3426)
- at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap4(ActivityThread.java:-1)
- at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1744)
- at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
- at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:171)
- at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6611)
- at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native method)
- at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:438)
- at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:807)
我们来看一下这个没有弹窗的 ANR 是怎么发生的
首先来复习一下 说一说 Service 的启动流程
AMS 真正去启动 Service 调用的是 ActiveServices.realStartServiceLocked 方法:
- // API 29 com.android.server.am.ActiveServices
- private final void realStartServiceLocked(ServiceRecord r,
- ProcessRecord app, boolean execInFg) throws RemoteException {
- ...
- bumpServiceExecutingLocked(r, execInFg, "create");
- }
-
- private final void bumpServiceExecutingLocked(ServiceRecord r, boolean fg, String why) {
- ...
- scheduleServiceTimeoutLocked(r.app);
- }
-
- // 通过 Handler 延时发一条消息,延时时间则为 Service 触发的 ANR 时长
- // SERVICE_TIMEOUT = 20*1000
- // SERVICE_BACKGROUND_TIMEOUT = SERVICE_TIMEOUT * 10;
- void scheduleServiceTimeoutLocked(ProcessRecord proc) {
- if (proc.executingServices.size() == 0 || proc.thread == null) {
- return;
- }
- Message msg = mAm.mHandler.obtainMessage(
- ActivityManagerService.SERVICE_TIMEOUT_MSG);
- msg.obj = proc;
- mAm.mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(msg,
- proc.execServicesFg ? SERVICE_TIMEOUT : SERVICE_BACKGROUND_TIMEOUT);
- }
如果 Service 在规定时间内启动完成,则这个消息会被 remove 掉,我们今天要看一下超时之后,收到这个消息是怎么处理的。
- // com.android.server.am.ActivityManagerService.MainHandler
- final class MainHandler extends Handler {
- @Override
- public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
- switch (msg.what) {
- case SERVICE_TIMEOUT_MSG: {
- mServices.serviceTimeout((ProcessRecord)msg.obj);
- } break;
- }
- }
mServices 是 ActiveServices:
- // com.android.server.am.ActiveServices#serviceTimeout
- void serviceTimeout(ProcessRecord proc) {
- ...
- if (timeout != null && mAm.mProcessList.mLruProcesses.contains(proc)) {
- Slog.w(TAG, "Timeout executing service: " + timeout);
- ...
- mAm.mHandler.removeCallbacks(mLastAnrDumpClearer);
- mAm.mHandler.postDelayed(mLastAnrDumpClearer, LAST_ANR_LIFETIME_DURATION_MSECS);
- anrMessage = "executing service " + timeout.shortInstanceName;
- }
- ...
- if (anrMessage != null) {
- proc.appNotResponding(null, null, null, null, false, anrMessage);
- }
- }
appNotResponding 就是最终处理 ANR 逻辑的代码了
- // com.android.server.am.ProcessRecord
- void appNotResponding(String activityShortComponentName,
- ApplicationInfo aInfo,
- ...) {
- ...
- if (isMonitorCpuUsage()) {
- mService.updateCpuStatsNow();
- }
- ...
- if (isSilentAnr() && !isDebugging()) {
- kill("bg anr", true);
- return;
- }
-
- // Bring up the infamous App Not Responding dialog
- Message msg = Message.obtain();
- msg.what = ActivityManagerService.SHOW_NOT_RESPONDING_UI_MSG;
- msg.obj = new AppNotRespondingDialog.Data(this, aInfo, aboveSystem);
-
- mService.mUiHandler.sendMessage(msg);
- }
如果 isSilentAnr() 为 true,则直接杀死所在进程,不会发送显示 ANR 弹窗的消息。来看下相关方法
- boolean isSilentAnr() {
- return !getShowBackground() && !isInterestingForBackgroundTraces();
- }
- private boolean getShowBackground() {
- return Settings.Secure.getInt(mService.mContext.getContentResolver(),
- Settings.Secure.ANR_SHOW_BACKGROUND, 0) != 0;
- }
- private boolean isInterestingForBackgroundTraces() {
- // The system_server is always considered interesting.
- if (pid == MY_PID) {
- return true;
- }
-
- // A package is considered interesting if any of the following is true :
- //
- // - It's displaying an activity.
- // - It's the SystemUI.
- // - It has an overlay or a top UI visible.
- //
- // NOTE: The check whether a given ProcessRecord belongs to the systemui
- // process is a bit of a kludge, but the same pattern seems repeated at
- // several places in the system server.
- return isInterestingToUserLocked() ||
- (info != null && "com.android.systemui".equals(info.packageName))
- || (hasTopUi() || hasOverlayUi());
- }
我们得到两个结论:
ANR_SHOW_BACKGROUND 可以在「开发者选项」里配置显示所有“应用程序无响应”,开启后即使是该场景也会有 ANR 弹窗
未开启上述配置情况下,如果是后台进程,则不显示 ANR 弹窗
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