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#文本处理:情感分析,文本相似度,文本分类(tf-idf逆文档频率)
#NLP:字符串-向量化-贝叶斯训练-测试
#文本相似度:词频
#文本分类:TF-IDF(词频-逆文档频率)
#1.原始文本
#2.分词
#3.词行归一化
#4.去除停用词
- import os,re
- import numpy as np
- import pandas as pd
- import jieba.posseg as pseg
- from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
- from sklearn.naive_bayes import MultinomialNB
- from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import TfidfVectorizer
-
- #https://blog.csdn.net/mpk_no1/article/details/71698725
-
- dataset_path = './dataset'
- text_filenames = ['0_simplifyweibo.txt', '1_simplifyweibo.txt',
- '2_simplifyweibo.txt', '3_simplifyweibo.txt']
-
- # 原始数据的csv文件
- output_text_filename = 'raw_weibo_text.csv'
- # 清洗好的文本数据文件
- output_cln_text_filename = 'clean_weibo_text.csv'
- stopwords1 = [line.rstrip() for line in open('./中文停用词库.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8')]
- stopwords = stopwords1
-
- #原始数据处理:
- '''
- text_w_label_df_lst = []
- for text_filename in text_filenames:
- text_file = os.path.join(dataset_path, text_filename)
- # 获取标签,即0, 1, 2, 3
- label = int(text_filename[0])
- # 读取文本文件
- with open(text_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
- lines = f.read().splitlines()
- labels = [label] * len(lines)
- #print(labels)
- text_series = pd.Series(lines)
- label_series = pd.Series(labels)
- # 构造dataframe
- text_w_label_df = pd.concat([label_series, text_series], axis=1)
- text_w_label_df_lst.append(text_w_label_df)
- result_df = pd.concat(text_w_label_df_lst, axis=0)
- # 保存成csv文件
- result_df.columns = ['label', 'text']
- result_df.to_csv(os.path.join(dataset_path, output_text_filename),
- index=None, encoding='utf-8')
- '''
-
- #1. 数据读取,处理,清洗,准备
- '''
- # 读取处理好的csv文件,构造数据集
- text_df = pd.read_csv(os.path.join(dataset_path, output_text_filename),encoding='utf-8')
- print(text_df)
- def proc_text(raw_line):
- """
- 处理每行的文本数据
- 返回分词结果
- """
- # 1. 使用正则表达式去除非中文字符
- filter_pattern = re.compile('[^\u4E00-\u9FD5]+')
- chinese_only = filter_pattern.sub('', raw_line)
- # 2. 结巴分词+词性标注
- words_lst = pseg.cut(chinese_only)
- # 3. 去除停用词
- meaninful_words = []
- for word, flag in words_lst:
- # if (word not in stopwords) and (flag == 'v'):
- # 也可根据词性去除非动词等
- if word not in stopwords:
- meaninful_words.append(word)
- return ' '.join(meaninful_words)
- # 处理文本数据
- text_df['text'] = text_df['text'].apply(proc_text)
- # 过滤空字符串
- text_df = text_df[text_df['text'] != '']
- # 保存处理好的文本数据
- text_df.to_csv(os.path.join(dataset_path, output_cln_text_filename),index=None, encoding='utf-8')
- print('完成,并保存结果。')
- '''
-
- # 2. 分割训练集、测试集
- # 对应不同类别的感情:
- # 0:喜悦
- # 1:愤怒
- # 2:厌恶
- # 3:低落
-
- clean_text_df = pd.read_csv(os.path.join(dataset_path, output_cln_text_filename),encoding='utf-8')
- # 分割训练集和测试集
- x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(clean_text_df['text'].values, clean_text_df['label'].values,test_size=0.25)
-
- # 3. 特征提取
- # 计算词频
- tf = TfidfVectorizer()
- # 以训练集当中的词的列表进行每篇文章的重要性统计
- x_train = tf.fit_transform(x_train)
- print(tf.get_feature_names())
-
- x_test = tf.transform(x_test)
-
- # 4. 训练模型Naive Bayes
- mlt = MultinomialNB(alpha=1.0)
- # print(x_train.toarry())
-
- mlt.fit(x_train, y_train)
- y_predict = mlt.predict(x_test)
- print("预测的文章类别为:", y_predict)
-
- #5. 预测得出准确率 分类模型的评估标准-准确率和召回率(越高越好,预测结果的准确性)
- print("预测的准确率:", mlt.score(x_test, y_test))
-
Word2vec可以将词语转换为高维向量空间中的向量表示,它能揭示上下文关系。首先使用word2vec,将其训练得到词向量作为特征权重,然后根据情感词典和词性的两种特征选择方法筛选出有价值的特征。
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