C++调用StartService启动服务失败1053分析与解决_startservice 1053

网上通用的OpenSCManager->OpenService->StartService这种启动方式是正确的，但是很多人遇到开启服务时出现1053错误，下面来分析与解决

官网对于StartServiceW的描述（我程序里用的宽字符版本）

https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/win32/api/winsvc/nf-winsvc-startservicew

一开始GetLastERROR错误1053，百度解决方案大致就”注册表修改超时、开启桌面交互“这两种，但是依旧不行

各种骚操作都没有解决，直到我看到官方文档对返回值的描述

翻译一下：

错误\服务\请求\超时
服务的进程已启动，但它没有调用StartServiceCtrlDispatcher，或者在控制处理程序函数中可能阻止调用StartServiceCtrlDispatcher的线程。

原理这个错误的超时不仅包含启动超时，也包含线程启动后没有给管理器报告状态的超时

现在跳转到StartServiceCtrlDispatcherA的官方文档，查看它的例子

https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/win32/api/winsvc/nf-winsvc-startservicectrldispatchera

For an example, see Writing a Service Program's Main Function.

请结合例子描述里的另一个例子继续研究

https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/win32/services/svc-cpp

现在总结一下大致是这个逻辑

也就是说需要服务程序主动调用StartServiceCtrlDispatcher向管理器发送启动成功的状态，管理器才认为启动成功

所以要在运行的exe内进行”上报状态“操作才行

根据官方文档整理的服务程序代码例子，修改了注释（注册服务请自行百度解决或看官方源码），运行这个程序会在当前路径下生成SERVICE666.txt，在SvcMain函数最后都添加自己的代码，SvcInit函数是一个例子

#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <strsafe.h>
//#include "sample.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "advapi32.lib")
#pragma warning(disable:4996)
 
#define SVCNAME TEXT("AAA-SvcName")
 
#define SVC_ERROR   ((DWORD)0xC0020001L)
 
SERVICE_STATUS          gSvcStatus;
SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE   gSvcStatusHandle;
HANDLE                  ghSvcStopEvent = NULL;
 
VOID WINAPI SvcCtrlHandler(DWORD);
VOID WINAPI SvcMain(DWORD, LPTSTR *);
 
VOID ReportSvcStatus(DWORD, DWORD, DWORD);
VOID SvcInit(DWORD, LPTSTR *);
VOID SvcReportEvent(LPTSTR);
 
void __cdecl _tmain(int argc, TCHAR *argv[])
{
    // TO_DO: Add any additional services for the process to this table.
    SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY DispatchTable[] =
    {
        { SVCNAME, (LPSERVICE_MAIN_FUNCTION)SvcMain },
        { NULL, NULL }
    };
 
    // This call returns when the service has stopped. 
    // The process should simply terminate when the call returns.
 
    if (!StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(DispatchTable))
    {
        SvcReportEvent(TEXT("StartServiceCtrlDispatcher"));
    }
}
//服务执行入口
VOID WINAPI SvcMain(DWORD dwArgc, LPTSTR *lpszArgv)
{
    // Register the handler function for the service 
    gSvcStatusHandle = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(SVCNAME,SvcCtrlHandler); 
    if (!gSvcStatusHandle)
    {
        SvcReportEvent(TEXT("RegisterServiceCtrlHandler"));
        return;
    } 
    // These SERVICE_STATUS members remain as set here 
    gSvcStatus.dwServiceType = SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS;
    gSvcStatus.dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;
    // Report initial status to the SCM
    ReportSvcStatus(SERVICE_START_PENDING, NO_ERROR, 3000);
    // Perform service-specific initialization and work.
    SvcInit(dwArgc, lpszArgv);
}
 
//服务代码
VOID SvcInit(DWORD dwArgc, LPTSTR *lpszArgv)
{
    // TO_DO: Declare and set any required variables.
    //   Be sure to periodically call ReportSvcStatus() with 
    //   SERVICE_START_PENDING. If initialization fails, call
    //   ReportSvcStatus with SERVICE_STOPPED.
 
    // Create an event. The control handler function, SvcCtrlHandler,
    // signals this event when it receives the stop control code.
 
    ghSvcStopEvent = CreateEvent(
        NULL,    // default security attributes
        TRUE,    // manual reset event
        FALSE,   // not signaled
        NULL);   // no name
 
    if (ghSvcStopEvent == NULL)
    {
        ReportSvcStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED, NO_ERROR, 0);
        return;
    } 
    // Report running status when initialization is complete.
    ReportSvcStatus(SERVICE_RUNNING, NO_ERROR, 0);
    //
    wchar_t szFilePath[MAX_PATH + 1] = { 0 };
    GetModuleFileNameW(NULL, szFilePath, MAX_PATH);
    (wcsrchr(szFilePath, '\\'))[1] = 0; // 删除文件名，只获得路径字串
    wcscat(szFilePath, L"SERVICE666.txt");
    FILE *file = _wfopen(szFilePath, L"wb");
    wchar_t *ptxt = L"SERVICE666:SERVICE_RUNNING";
    fwrite(ptxt, sizeof(wchar_t), wcslen(ptxt), file);
    fclose(file);
    //
    // TO_DO: Perform work until service stops.
    while (1)
    {
        // Check whether to stop the service.
        WaitForSingleObject(ghSvcStopEvent, INFINITE);
        ReportSvcStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED, NO_ERROR, 0);
        return;
    }
}
//向管理器报告服务状态
VOID ReportSvcStatus(DWORD dwCurrentState,DWORD dwWin32ExitCode,DWORD dwWaitHint)
{
    static DWORD dwCheckPoint = 1;
 
    // Fill in the SERVICE_STATUS structure.
 
    gSvcStatus.dwCurrentState = dwCurrentState;
    gSvcStatus.dwWin32ExitCode = dwWin32ExitCode;
    gSvcStatus.dwWaitHint = dwWaitHint;
 
    if (dwCurrentState == SERVICE_START_PENDING)
        gSvcStatus.dwControlsAccepted = 0;
    else gSvcStatus.dwControlsAccepted = SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP;
 
    if ((dwCurrentState == SERVICE_RUNNING) ||
        (dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOPPED))
        gSvcStatus.dwCheckPoint = 0;
    else gSvcStatus.dwCheckPoint = dwCheckPoint++;
 
    // Report the status of the service to the SCM.
    SetServiceStatus(gSvcStatusHandle, &gSvcStatus);
}
 
//每当使用controlService函数向服务发送控制代码时，由SCM调用
VOID WINAPI SvcCtrlHandler(DWORD dwCtrl)
{
    // Handle the requested control code. 
 
    switch (dwCtrl)
    {
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP:
        ReportSvcStatus(SERVICE_STOP_PENDING, NO_ERROR, 0);
 
        // Signal the service to stop.
 
        SetEvent(ghSvcStopEvent);
        ReportSvcStatus(gSvcStatus.dwCurrentState, NO_ERROR, 0);
 
        return;
 
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE:
        break;
 
    default:
        break;
    }
 
}
//将消息记录到事件日志
VOID SvcReportEvent(LPTSTR szFunction)
{
    HANDLE hEventSource;
    LPCTSTR lpszStrings[2];
    TCHAR Buffer[80];
 
    hEventSource = RegisterEventSource(NULL, SVCNAME);
 
    if (NULL != hEventSource)
    {
        StringCchPrintf(Buffer, 80, TEXT("%s failed with %d"), szFunction, GetLastError());
 
        lpszStrings[0] = SVCNAME;
        lpszStrings[1] = Buffer;
 
        ReportEvent(hEventSource,        // event log handle
            EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE, // event type
            0,                   // event category
            SVC_ERROR,           // event identifier
            NULL,                // no security identifier
            2,                   // size of lpszStrings array
            0,                   // no binary data
            lpszStrings,         // array of strings
            NULL);               // no binary data
 
        DeregisterEventSource(hEventSource);
    }
}