总结:定义的全局变量(即类的属性)——数组、基本数据类型、其他引用类型变量,
- 采用静态初始化方式,即定义变量的同时进行初始化;
- 采用动态初始化方式,只在属性处定义变量,初始化放在方法中进行;
- 错误操作:先定义属性中的变量,接着换行再进行初始化。(详细见下)
1.定义变量的时候,立刻初始化,即静态初始化;
public class Test { int a = 1;//静态初始化基本数据类型 String[] s = {"Hello","World","你好,世界"};//静态初始化引用类型数组 Example[] e = {new Example(2019,"小明"),new Example(2018,"小红")}; } class Example{ int id; String name; public Example(int id, String name) { this.id = id; this.name = name; } }
2.只定义,最后在方法中进行初始化;
public class Test02 { int a; String[] s; Example[] e = new Example[2]; public void se(){ a = 1;//动态初始化,必须在方法中,进行 e[0] = new Example(2019,"小明");//同理,数组的动态初始化也必须在方法中进行,静态方法或者动态方法均可 e[1] = new Example(2018,"小红") } } class Example{ int id; String name; public Example(int id, String name) { this.id = id; this.name = name; } }
3、错误初始化操作(如下代码报错)
public class Test03 { int a; a = 1;//直接对全局变量(即属性),先定义,接着初始化,这是错误的 String[] s; s = {"ab","cd","ef"}; Example[] e = new Example[2]; e[0] = new Example(2019,"小明");//同理,数组也不能这样初始化操作 e[1] = new Example(2018,"小红"); } class Example{ int id; String name; public Example(int id, String name) { this.id = id; this.name = name; } }