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nrf52832 学习笔记（六）配对和绑定_nrf52832 qfab使用教程

作者：从前慢现在也慢 | 2024-03-05 22:49:29

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nrf52832 qfab使用教程

nrf52832 学习笔记（六）配对和绑定

配对绑定推荐博客低功耗蓝牙配对绑定解读和实践

蓝牙在配对之前都是明文通信的，也就是说主从机之间传输的数据包可以被第三方抓取分析逆向，而且如果没有配对，谁都可以无密码连接，显然是不安全的。

常用术语

Bonding（绑定）

配对过程中会生成一个长期密钥（LTK，long-term Key），如果配对双方把这个LTK存储起来放在Flash中，那么这两个设备再次重连的时候，就可以跳过配对流程，而直接使用LTK对蓝牙连接进行加密，设备的这种状态称为bonding。如果paring过程中不存储LTK（不分发LTK）也是可以的，paring完成后连接也是加密的，但是如果两个设备再次重连，那么就需要重走一次paring流程，否则两者还是明文通信。在不引起误解的情况下，我们经常把paring当成paring和bonding两者的组合，因为只paring不bonding的应用情况非常少见。在不引起混淆的情况下，下文就不区分paring和bonding的区别，换句话说，我们会把paring和bonding两个概念等同起来进行混用。

SM（security manager）

蓝牙协议栈的安全管理层，规定了跟蓝牙安全通信有关的所有要素，包括paring，bonding，以及下文提到的SMP。

SMP（security manager protocol）

安全管理协议，SMP着重两个设备之间的蓝牙交互命令序列，对paring的空中包进行了严格时序规定。

OOB（out of band，带外）

OOB就是不通过蓝牙射频本身来交互，而是通过比如人眼，NFC，UART等带外方式来交互配对信息，在这里人眼，NFC，UART通信方式就被称为OOB通信方式。

对于legacy paring，如果A和B都支持OOB，那么两者就会采用OOB方式进行配对，否则根据IO能力选择配对方式。对于SC paring，如果A或者B有一方支持OOB，那么两者就会采用OOB方式进行配对，否则根据IO能力选择配对方式。

Passkey

Passkey又称pin码，是指用户在键盘中输入的一串数字，以达到认证设备的目的。低功耗蓝牙的passkey必须为6位。

Numeric comparison（数字比较）

numeric comparison其实跟passkey一样，也是用来认证设备的，只不过passkey是通过键盘输入的，而numeric comparison是显示在显示器上的，numeric comparison也必须是6位的数字。

MITM（man in the middle）

MITM是指A和B通信过程中，C会插入进来以模拟A或者B，并且具备截获和篡改A和B之间所有通信报文的能力，从而达到让A或者B信任它，以至于错把C当成B或者A来通信。如果对安全要求比较高，需要具备MITM保护能力，在SM中这个是通过认证（authentication）来实现的，SM中实现认证的方式有三种：OOB认证信息，passkey以及numeric comparison，大家根据自己的实际情况，选择其中一种即可。

LESC（LE secure connections）

又称SC，蓝牙4.2引入的一种新的密钥生成方式和验证方式，SC通过基于椭圆曲线的Diffie-Hellman密钥交换算法来生成设备A和B的共享密钥，此密钥生成过程中需要用到公私钥对，以及其他的密码算法库。LESC同时还规定了相应的通信协议以生成该密钥，并验证该密钥。需要注意的是LESC对paring的其他方面也会产生一定的影响，所以我们经常会把LESC看成是一种新的配对方式。

Legacy paring

在LESC引入之前的密钥生成方式，称为legacy paring，换句话说，legacy paring是相对LESC来说的，不支持LESC的配对即为legacy paring（legacy配对）。

TK（Temporary Key，临时密钥）

legacy paring里面的概念，如果采用just work配对方式，TK就是为全0；如果采用passkey配对方式，TK就是passkey；如果采用OOB配对方式，TK就是OOB里面的信息。

STK（short term key，短期密钥）

legacy配对里面的概念，STK是通过TK推导出来的，通过TK对设备A和B的随机数进行加密，即得到STK。

LTK（long term key，长期密钥）

legacy配对和LESC配对都会用到LTK，如前所述，LTK是用来对未来的连接进行加密和解密用的。Legacy paring中的LTK由从设备根据相应的算法自己生成的（LTK生成过程中会用到EDIV（分散因子）和Rand（随机数）），然后通过蓝牙空中包传给主机。LESC配对过程中，先通过Diffie-Hellman生成一个共享密钥，然后这个共享密钥再对设备A和B的蓝牙地址和随机数进行加密，从而得到LTK，LTK由设备A和B各自同时生成，因此LTK不会出现在LESC蓝牙空中包中，大大提高了蓝牙通信的安全性。

IRK（Identity Resolving Key，蓝牙设备地址解析密钥）

有些蓝牙设备的地址为可解析的随机地址，比如iPhone手机，由于他们的地址随着时间会变化，那如何确定这些变化的地址都来自同一个设备呢？答案就是IRK，IRK通过解析变化的地址的规律，从而确定这些地址是否来自同一个设备，换句话说，IRK可以用来识别蓝牙设备身份，因此其也称为Identity information。IRK一般由设备出厂的时候按照一定要求自动生成。

Identity Address（设备唯一地址）

蓝牙设备地址包括public，random static， private resolvable，random unresolved共四类。如果设备不支持privacy，那么identity address就等于public或者random static设备地址。如果设备支持privacy，即使用private resolvable蓝牙设备地址，在这种情况下，虽然其地址每隔一段时间会变化一次，但是identity address仍然保持不变，其取值还是等于内在的public或者random static设备地址。Identity Address和IRK都可以用来唯一标识一个蓝牙设备。

IO capabilities（输入输出能力）

是指蓝牙设备的输入输出能力，比如是否有键盘，是否有显示器，是否可以输入Yes/No两个确认值。
在这里插入图片描述
根据IO输入输出能力以及是否存在OOB，存在如下几种配对方式（或者说认证方式）

Just works（不带MITM保护，相当于Passkey方式 Passkey为000000）
Numeric comparison（LESC才有，带MITM）
Passkey（带MITM）
OOB（OOB方式有没有MITM保护，取决于OOB通信的安全性，如果OOB通信具备MITM保护，那么蓝牙也具备MITM保护，否则就不具备。）

Key size（密钥长度）

一般来说，密钥默认长度为16字节，为了适应一些低端的蓝牙设备处理能力，你也可以把密钥长度调低，比如变为10个字节。

配对

配对的目的有三个：加密连接，认证设备，以及生成密钥

nrf52832 支持主从机配对和绑定操作的，但是做主机时配对和绑定没用过(官方论坛找到一个demo)，下面的都是针对nrf52832做从机时的配对操作。

静态密码（Passkey模式）

日常使用蓝牙对从机进行连接时,会提示输入密码,这个其实就是一种Passkey配对过程.

蓝牙从机中存在一个静态密码（TK）.
主机连接到从机后,从机启动安全连接认证
主从机交换配对信息（OOB、BAND、IO等信息）
主机产生一个随机数,根据随机数和主机的静态密码计算出一个确认值
从机同样产生一个随机数,根据随机数和从机的静态密码计算出一个确认值,主从机交换随机数和确认值.
主从机通过自己的静态密码和交换来的随机数,计算确认值和交换来的确认值对比,如果一致则配对成功,不一致则断开连接
配对成功后,主从机根据两个随机数和静态密码生成一个临时密匙SKT,后面蓝牙通信都会经过该密匙加密处理
一旦连接加密了，主机和从机之间就可以分发一些秘密信息。如果是legacy paring，如下秘密信息必须分发：LTK、EDIV、Rand，同时根据情况，legacy paring还需分发如下信息：IRK、Identity address

nrf52832 sdk中添加配对处理,首先在gap初始化中添加静态密码设置

#define STATIC_PASSKEY "123456"
static ble_opt_t m_static_pin_option;

/**@brief Function for the GAP initialization.
 *
 * @details This function sets up all the necessary GAP (Generic Access Profile) parameters of the
 *          device including the device name, appearance, and the preferred connection parameters.
 */
static void gap_params_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t              err_code;
	//....其他初始化
                                          
    //设置万能钥匙的存放区																			
	uint8_t passkey[] = STATIC_PASSKEY;                                                     
    m_static_pin_option.gap_opt.passkey.p_passkey = passkey;
    err_code =  sd_ble_opt_set(BLE_GAP_OPT_PASSKEY, &m_static_pin_option);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);                                       
}
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然后在协议栈回调函数的连接事件中添加启动安全连接认证函数,同时添加安全参数交换函数和认证失败断开连接处理.

#define IO_CAPS      BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_DISPLAY_ONLY  //只有显示装置
#define BOND          0                            //不绑定
#define OOB           0                            //没有外带认证数据 例如使用NFC或者二维码交换一些信息
#define MITM          1                            //中间人保护
#define MIN_KEY_SIZE  7                            //密匙最小长度
#define MAX_KEY_SIZE  16                           //密匙最大长度

//配对请求函数，交换配对信息
void pairng_request(void)
{
    ble_gap_sec_params_t sec_params;
    uint32_t                    err_code;

    memset(&sec_params,0,sizeof(ble_gap_sec_params_t));

    sec_params.bond = BOND;
    sec_params.io_caps = IO_CAPS;
    sec_params.max_key_size = MAX_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_params.min_key_size = MIN_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_params.oob = OOB ;
    sec_params.mitm = MITM;
    err_code=sd_ble_gap_sec_params_reply(m_conn_handle,BLE_GAP_SEC_STATUS_SUCCESS,&sec_params,NULL);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}

/**@brief Function for handling BLE events.
 *
 * @param[in]   p_ble_evt   Bluetooth stack event.
 * @param[in]   p_context   Unused.
 */
static void ble_evt_handler(ble_evt_t const * p_ble_evt, void * p_context)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id)
    {
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED:        //主从机连接成功
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Connected"); 
            bsp_board_led_on(CONNECTED_LED);
            bsp_board_led_off(ADVERTISING_LED);
            m_conn_handle = p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle;
//            err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_conn_handle_assign(&m_qwr, m_conn_handle);
//            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            err_code = app_button_enable();
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            ble_gap_phys_t const phys =
            {
                .rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_2MBPS,
                .tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_2MBPS,
            };
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys);
            
            //启动连接后，连接成功，启动本次连接的安全认证
			ble_gap_sec_params_t params;
            params.bond = 0;
            params.mitm = 1;
            sd_ble_gap_authenticate(m_conn_handle,&params);
            
            break;
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE_REQUEST://PHY更新请求
        {
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("PHY update request.");
            ble_gap_phys_t const phys =
            {
                .rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
                .tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
            };
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
        } break;
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE:         //PHY更新完成
            NRF_LOG_INFO("tx: %d, rx: %d",
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.phy_update.tx_phy,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.phy_update.rx_phy
                         );
            break;
        
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Disconnected");
            bsp_board_led_off(CONNECTED_LED);
            m_conn_handle = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;
            err_code = app_button_disable();
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            advertising_start();
            break;

        case BLE_GAP_EVT_SEC_PARAMS_REQUEST:  //安全参数交换请求
            pairng_request();
            break;

        case BLE_GATTS_EVT_SYS_ATTR_MISSING:
            // No system attributes have been stored.
            err_code = sd_ble_gatts_sys_attr_set(m_conn_handle, NULL, 0, 0);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Client timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Client Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Server timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Server Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;
        
        // 连接参数更新
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONN_PARAM_UPDATE:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("conn_Param Update: %d,%d,%d,%d",
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.min_conn_interval,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.max_conn_interval,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.slave_latency,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.conn_sup_timeout
                         );
            break;
        
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_STATUS:
			//认证，如果认证失败，则断开连接
            if(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.auth_status == BLE_GAP_SEC_STATUS_SUCCESS)
            {

            }
            else
            {
                sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle, BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            }
          
        default:
            // No implementation needed.
            break;
    }
}
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动态密码

动态密码和静态密码基本类似,只是不用在gap初始化时设置静态密码

//#define STATIC_PASSKEY "123456"
//static ble_opt_t m_static_pin_option;

/**@brief Function for the GAP initialization.
 *
 * @details This function sets up all the necessary GAP (Generic Access Profile) parameters of the
 *          device including the device name, appearance, and the preferred connection parameters.
 */
static void gap_params_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t              err_code;
	//....其他初始化
                                          
    //设置万能钥匙的存放区																			
	//uint8_t passkey[] = STATIC_PASSKEY;                                                     
    //m_static_pin_option.gap_opt.passkey.p_passkey = passkey;
    //err_code =  sd_ble_opt_set(BLE_GAP_OPT_PASSKEY, &m_static_pin_option);
    //APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);                                       
}
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在协议栈回调者函数中添加一个事件处理将随机密码输出.注意IO要有显示器

case BLE_GAP_EVT_PASSKEY_DISPLAY:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("passkey: %c,%c,%c,%c,%c,%c",
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[0],
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[1],
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[2],
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[3],
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[4],
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[5]
                         );
            break;
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绑定

绑定是将第一次配对后产生的长期密匙信息和对应MAC存储在flash中，下次再遇到对应MAC地址就不需要进行配对输入密码操作，直接交换密匙信息即可。配对和绑定整个流程十分复杂，nordic 的SDK中也给了对应的驱动库，和上面的配对不同，下面使用sdk中的pm库文件进行配对绑定操作。

添加库文件

开启SDK配置项
添加库文件
添加文件路径

从机

如果使用静态密码,仍然在gap初始化时设置静态密码

#define STATIC_PASSKEY "123456"
static ble_opt_t m_static_pin_option;

/**@brief Function for the GAP initialization.
 *
 * @details This function sets up all the necessary GAP (Generic Access Profile) parameters of the
 *          device including the device name, appearance, and the preferred connection parameters.
 */
static void gap_params_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t              err_code;
	//....其他初始化
                                          
    //设置万能钥匙的存放区																			
	uint8_t passkey[] = STATIC_PASSKEY;                                                     
    m_static_pin_option.gap_opt.passkey.p_passkey = passkey;
    err_code =  sd_ble_opt_set(BLE_GAP_OPT_PASSKEY, &m_static_pin_option);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);                                       
}
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然后在主函数中进行pm管理器初始化

#include "peer_manager.h"
#include "peer_manager_handler.h"
#define SEC_PARAM_BOND                  1                                       /**< Perform bonding. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MITM                  1                                       /**< Man In The Middle protection is enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_LESC                  0                                       /**< LE Secure Connections not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS              0                                       /**< Keypress notifications not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES       BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_DISPLAY_ONLY            /**< Display Only. */
#define SEC_PARAM_OOB                   0                                       /**< Out Of Band data not available. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE          7                                       /**< Minimum encryption key size. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE          16                                      /**< Maximum encryption key size. */

/**@brief Function for handling Peer Manager events.
 *
 * @param[in] p_evt  Peer Manager event.
 */
static void pm_evt_handler(pm_evt_t const * p_evt)
{
    pm_handler_on_pm_evt(p_evt);
    pm_handler_flash_clean(p_evt);

    switch (p_evt->evt_id)
    {
        case PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED:
            advertising_start();
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}
///Added for bonding
/**@brief Function for the Peer Manager initialization.
 */
static void peer_manager_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    err_code = pm_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = pm_register(pm_evt_handler);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    ble_gap_sec_params_t sec_param;

    memset(&sec_param, 0, sizeof(ble_gap_sec_params_t));

    sec_param.bond           = SEC_PARAM_BOND;
    sec_param.mitm           = SEC_PARAM_MITM;
    sec_param.lesc           = SEC_PARAM_LESC;
    sec_param.keypress       = SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS;
    sec_param.io_caps        = SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES;
    sec_param.oob            = SEC_PARAM_OOB;
    sec_param.min_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.max_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.kdist_own.enc  = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_own.id   = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.enc = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.id  = 1;

    err_code = pm_sec_params_set(&sec_param);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}

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最后在连接后启动配对绑定处理函数,也可以由主机启动配对绑定处理函数


/**@brief Function for handling BLE events.
 *
 * @param[in]   p_ble_evt   Bluetooth stack event.
 * @param[in]   p_context   Unused.
 */
static void ble_evt_handler(ble_evt_t const * p_ble_evt, void * p_context)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id)
    {
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED:        //主从机连接成功
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Connected"); 
            bsp_board_led_on(CONNECTED_LED);
            bsp_board_led_off(ADVERTISING_LED);
            m_conn_handle = p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle;
//            err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_conn_handle_assign(&m_qwr, m_conn_handle);
//            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            err_code = app_button_enable();
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            ble_gap_phys_t const phys =
            {
                .rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_2MBPS,
                .tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_2MBPS,
            };
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys);
            
            /启动配对绑定处理函数 
            err_code = pm_conn_secure(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, false);
            if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY)
            {
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            }
            /Added for bonding
            break;
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE_REQUEST://PHY更新请求
        {
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("PHY update request.");
            ble_gap_phys_t const phys =
            {
                .rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
                .tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
            };
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
        } break;
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE:         //PHY更新完成
            NRF_LOG_INFO("tx: %d, rx: %d",
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.phy_update.tx_phy,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.phy_update.rx_phy
                         );
            break;
        
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Disconnected");
            bsp_board_led_off(CONNECTED_LED);
            m_conn_handle = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;
            err_code = app_button_disable();
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            advertising_start();
            break;

        case BLE_GAP_EVT_SEC_PARAMS_REQUEST:  //安全参数交换请求
            //pairng_request();
            break;

        case BLE_GATTS_EVT_SYS_ATTR_MISSING:
            // No system attributes have been stored.
            err_code = sd_ble_gatts_sys_attr_set(m_conn_handle, NULL, 0, 0);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Client timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Client Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Server timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Server Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;
        
        // 连接参数更新
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONN_PARAM_UPDATE:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("conn_Param Update: %d,%d,%d,%d",
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.min_conn_interval,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.max_conn_interval,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.slave_latency,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.conn_sup_timeout
                         );
            break;
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_PASSKEY_DISPLAY:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("passkey: %c,%c,%c,%c,%c,%c",
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[0],
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[1],
                            p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[2],
                            p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[3],
                            p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[4],
                            p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[5]
                         );
            break;
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_STATUS:
			//认证，如果认证失败，则断开连接
            if(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.auth_status == BLE_GAP_SEC_STATUS_SUCCESS)
            {

            }
            else
            {
                sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle, BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            }
          
        default:
            // No implementation needed.
            break;
    }
}
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主机

和从机相比,主机只需要pm初始化即可

///Added for bonding//
#include "peer_manager.h"
#include "peer_manager_handler.h"

#define SEC_PARAM_BOND              1                                   /**< Perform bonding. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MITM              1                                   /**< Enable MITM protection */
#define SEC_PARAM_LESC              0                                   /**< LE Secure Connections not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS          0                                   /**< Keypress notifications not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES   BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_KEYBOARD_ONLY       /**< Keyboard Only. */
#define SEC_PARAM_OOB               0                                   /**< Out Of Band data not available. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE      7                                   /**< Minimum encryption key size. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE      16                                  /**< Maximum encryption key size. */
//Added for bonding///

///Added for bonding///
/**@brief Function for handling Peer Manager events.
 *
 * @param[in] p_evt  Peer Manager event.
 */
static void pm_evt_handler(pm_evt_t const * p_evt)
{
    pm_handler_on_pm_evt(p_evt);
    pm_handler_disconnect_on_sec_failure(p_evt);
    pm_handler_flash_clean(p_evt);

    switch (p_evt->evt_id)
    {
        case PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED:
            scan_start();
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}
/Added for bonding/

//Added for bonding//
/**@brief Function for initializing the Peer Manager.
 *
 * @param[in] erase_bonds  Indicates whether the bonding information must be cleared from
 *                         persistent storage during the initialization of the Peer Manager.
 */
static void peer_manager_init()
{
    ret_code_t           err_code;
    ble_gap_sec_params_t sec_param;

    err_code = pm_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = pm_register(pm_evt_handler);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    memset(&sec_param, 0, sizeof(ble_gap_sec_params_t));
    // Security parameters to be used for all security procedures.
    sec_param.bond           = SEC_PARAM_BOND;
    sec_param.mitm           = SEC_PARAM_MITM;
    sec_param.lesc           = SEC_PARAM_LESC;
    sec_param.keypress       = SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS;
    sec_param.io_caps        = SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES;
    sec_param.oob            = SEC_PARAM_OOB;
    sec_param.min_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.max_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.kdist_own.enc  = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_own.id   = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.enc = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.id  = 1;

    err_code = pm_sec_params_set(&sec_param);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
//Added for bonding//
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当然如果从机端连接后没有开启安全认证,可以在主机端协议栈观察者回调函数 ble_evt_handler 的连接事件处理中添加开启安全认证操作

/Added for bonding 
err_code = pm_conn_secure(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, false);
if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY)
{
   	APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
/Added for bonding
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在协议栈观察者回调函数 ble_evt_handler 中,进行主机配对密码响应

case BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_KEY_REQUEST:
    NRF_LOG_INFO("---------------------BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_KEY_REQUEST---------------------");
    sd_ble_gap_auth_key_reply(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle, BLE_GAP_AUTH_KEY_TYPE_PASSKEY, (uint8_t *)"123456");
    break;
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删除绑定信息

绑定之后下次连接主从机会直接交换密匙信息从而跳过输入密码环节,但是当主机或者从机中有一个清除了绑定信息,而另一个没有清除绑定信息的话,主从机就无法连接了,这时候就需要清除绑定信息,重新配对输入密码.

/**@brief Clear bond information from persistent storage.
 */
static void delete_bonds(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    NRF_LOG_INFO("Erase bonds");

    err_code = pm_peers_delete();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
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从机mian.c

/**
 * Copyright (c) 2015 - 2021, Nordic Semiconductor ASA
 *
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
 * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
 *    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form, except as embedded into a Nordic
 *    Semiconductor ASA integrated circuit in a product or a software update for
 *    such product, must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
 *    conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
 *    materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * 3. Neither the name of Nordic Semiconductor ASA nor the names of its
 *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
 *    software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * 4. This software, with or without modification, must only be used with a
 *    Nordic Semiconductor ASA integrated circuit.
 *
 * 5. Any software provided in binary form under this license must not be reverse
 *    engineered, decompiled, modified and/or disassembled.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NORDIC SEMICONDUCTOR ASA "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS
 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL NORDIC SEMICONDUCTOR ASA OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 */
/**
 * @brief Blinky Sample Application main file.
 *
 * This file contains the source code for a sample server application using the LED Button service.
 */

#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "nordic_common.h"
#include "nrf.h"
#include "app_error.h"
#include "ble.h"
#include "ble_err.h"
#include "ble_hci.h"
#include "ble_srv_common.h"
#include "ble_advdata.h"
#include "ble_conn_params.h"
#include "nrf_sdh.h"
#include "nrf_sdh_ble.h"
#include "boards.h"
#include "app_timer.h"
#include "app_button.h"
#include "ble_lbs.h"
#include "nrf_ble_gatt.h"
#include "nrf_ble_qwr.h"
#include "nrf_pwr_mgmt.h"

#include "nrf_log.h"
#include "nrf_log_ctrl.h"
#include "nrf_log_default_backends.h"

///Added for bonding
#include "peer_manager.h"
#include "peer_manager_handler.h"
#define SEC_PARAM_BOND                  1                                       /**< Perform bonding. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MITM                  1                                       /**< Man In The Middle protection is enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_LESC                  0                                       /**< LE Secure Connections not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS              0                                       /**< Keypress notifications not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES       BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_DISPLAY_ONLY            /**< Display Only. */
#define SEC_PARAM_OOB                   0                                       /**< Out Of Band data not available. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE          7                                       /**< Minimum encryption key size. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE          16                                      /**< Maximum encryption key size. */
///Added for bonding

#define ADVERTISING_LED                 BSP_BOARD_LED_0                         /**< Is on when device is advertising. */
#define CONNECTED_LED                   BSP_BOARD_LED_1                         /**< Is on when device has connected. */
#define LEDBUTTON_LED                   BSP_BOARD_LED_2                         /**< LED to be toggled with the help of the LED Button Service. */
#define LEDBUTTON_BUTTON                BSP_BUTTON_0                            /**< Button that will trigger the notification event with the LED Button Service */

#define DEVICE_NAME                     "Nordic_Blinky"                         /**< Name of device. Will be included in the advertising data. */

#define APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO           3                                       /**< Application's BLE observer priority. You shouldn't need to modify this value. */
#define APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG            1                                       /**< A tag identifying the SoftDevice BLE configuration. */

#define APP_ADV_INTERVAL                64                                      /**< The advertising interval (in units of 0.625 ms; this value corresponds to 40 ms). */
#define APP_ADV_DURATION                BLE_GAP_ADV_TIMEOUT_GENERAL_UNLIMITED   /**< The advertising time-out (in units of seconds). When set to 0, we will never time out. */


#define MIN_CONN_INTERVAL               MSEC_TO_UNITS(100, UNIT_1_25_MS)        /**< Minimum acceptable connection interval (0.5 seconds). */
#define MAX_CONN_INTERVAL               MSEC_TO_UNITS(600, UNIT_1_25_MS)        /**< Maximum acceptable connection interval (1 second). */
#define SLAVE_LATENCY                   1                                       /**< Slave latency. */
#define CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT                MSEC_TO_UNITS(20000, UNIT_10_MS)         /**< Connection supervisory time-out (4 seconds). */

#define FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY  APP_TIMER_TICKS(20000)                  /**< Time from initiating event (connect or start of notification) to first time sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update is called (15 seconds). */
#define NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY   APP_TIMER_TICKS(5000)                   /**< Time between each call to sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update after the first call (5 seconds). */
#define MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT    3                                       /**< Number of attempts before giving up the connection parameter negotiation. */

#define BUTTON_DETECTION_DELAY          APP_TIMER_TICKS(50)                     /**< Delay from a GPIOTE event until a button is reported as pushed (in number of timer ticks). */

#define DEAD_BEEF                       0xDEADBEEF                              /**< Value used as error code on stack dump, can be used to identify stack location on stack unwind. */


BLE_LBS_DEF(m_lbs);                                                             /**< LED Button Service instance. */
NRF_BLE_GATT_DEF(m_gatt);                                                       /**< GATT module instance. */
//NRF_BLE_QWR_DEF(m_qwr);                                                         /**< Context for the Queued Write module.*/

static uint16_t m_conn_handle = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;                        /**< Handle of the current connection. */

static uint8_t m_adv_handle = BLE_GAP_ADV_SET_HANDLE_NOT_SET;                   /**< Advertising handle used to identify an advertising set. */
static uint8_t m_enc_advdata[BLE_GAP_ADV_SET_DATA_SIZE_MAX];                    /**< Buffer for storing an encoded advertising set. */
static uint8_t m_enc_scan_response_data[BLE_GAP_ADV_SET_DATA_SIZE_MAX];         /**< Buffer for storing an encoded scan data. */

/**@brief Struct that contains pointers to the encoded advertising data. */
static ble_gap_adv_data_t m_adv_data =
{
    .adv_data =
    {
        .p_data = m_enc_advdata,
        .len    = BLE_GAP_ADV_SET_DATA_SIZE_MAX
    },
    .scan_rsp_data =
    {
        .p_data = m_enc_scan_response_data,
        .len    = BLE_GAP_ADV_SET_DATA_SIZE_MAX

    }
};

/**@brief Function for assert macro callback.
 *
 * @details This function will be called in case of an assert in the SoftDevice.
 *
 * @warning This handler is an example only and does not fit a final product. You need to analyze
 *          how your product is supposed to react in case of Assert.
 * @warning On assert from the SoftDevice, the system can only recover on reset.
 *
 * @param[in] line_num    Line number of the failing ASSERT call.
 * @param[in] p_file_name File name of the failing ASSERT call.
 */
void assert_nrf_callback(uint16_t line_num, const uint8_t * p_file_name)
{
    app_error_handler(DEAD_BEEF, line_num, p_file_name);
}


/**@brief Function for the LEDs initialization.
 *
 * @details Initializes all LEDs used by the application.
 */
static void leds_init(void)
{
    bsp_board_init(BSP_INIT_LEDS);
}


/**@brief Function for the Timer initialization.
 *
 * @details Initializes the timer module.
 */
static void timers_init(void)
{
    // Initialize timer module, making it use the scheduler
    ret_code_t err_code = app_timer_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}

#define STATIC_PASSKEY "123456"
static ble_opt_t m_static_pin_option;

/**@brief Function for the GAP initialization.
 *
 * @details This function sets up all the necessary GAP (Generic Access Profile) parameters of the
 *          device including the device name, appearance, and the preferred connection parameters.
 */
static void gap_params_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t              err_code;
    ble_gap_conn_params_t   gap_conn_params;
    ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t sec_mode;

    BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_ENC_WITH_MITM(&sec_mode);

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_device_name_set(&sec_mode,
                                          (const uint8_t *)DEVICE_NAME,
                                          strlen(DEVICE_NAME));
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    sd_ble_gap_appearance_set(BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_WATCH);
    memset(&gap_conn_params, 0, sizeof(gap_conn_params));

    gap_conn_params.min_conn_interval = MIN_CONN_INTERVAL;
    gap_conn_params.max_conn_interval = MAX_CONN_INTERVAL;
    gap_conn_params.slave_latency     = SLAVE_LATENCY;
    gap_conn_params.conn_sup_timeout  = CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT;

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_ppcp_set(&gap_conn_params);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                                          
    //设置万能钥匙的存放区																			
	uint8_t passkey[] = STATIC_PASSKEY;                                                     
    m_static_pin_option.gap_opt.passkey.p_passkey = passkey;
    err_code =  sd_ble_opt_set(BLE_GAP_OPT_PASSKEY, &m_static_pin_option);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);                                       
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the GATT module.
 */
static void gatt_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code = nrf_ble_gatt_init(&m_gatt, NULL);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the Advertising functionality.
 *
 * @details Encodes the required advertising data and passes it to the stack.
 *          Also builds a structure to be passed to the stack when starting advertising.
 */
static void advertising_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t    err_code;
    ble_advdata_t advdata;
    ble_advdata_t srdata;

    ble_uuid_t adv_uuids[] = {{LBS_UUID_SERVICE, m_lbs.uuid_type}};

    // Build and set advertising data.
    memset(&advdata, 0, sizeof(advdata));

    advdata.name_type          = BLE_ADVDATA_FULL_NAME;
    advdata.include_appearance = true;
    advdata.flags              = BLE_GAP_ADV_FLAGS_LE_ONLY_GENERAL_DISC_MODE;


    memset(&srdata, 0, sizeof(srdata));
    srdata.uuids_complete.uuid_cnt = sizeof(adv_uuids) / sizeof(adv_uuids[0]);
    srdata.uuids_complete.p_uuids  = adv_uuids;

    err_code = ble_advdata_encode(&advdata, m_adv_data.adv_data.p_data, &m_adv_data.adv_data.len);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = ble_advdata_encode(&srdata, m_adv_data.scan_rsp_data.p_data, &m_adv_data.scan_rsp_data.len);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    ble_gap_adv_params_t adv_params;

    // Set advertising parameters.
    memset(&adv_params, 0, sizeof(adv_params));

    adv_params.primary_phy     = BLE_GAP_PHY_1MBPS;
    adv_params.duration        = APP_ADV_DURATION;
    adv_params.properties.type = BLE_GAP_ADV_TYPE_CONNECTABLE_SCANNABLE_UNDIRECTED;
    adv_params.p_peer_addr     = NULL;
    adv_params.filter_policy   = BLE_GAP_ADV_FP_ANY;
    adv_params.interval        = APP_ADV_INTERVAL;

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_adv_set_configure(&m_adv_handle, &m_adv_data, &adv_params);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for handling Queued Write Module errors.
 *
 * @details A pointer to this function will be passed to each service which may need to inform the
 *          application about an error.
 *
 * @param[in]   nrf_error   Error code containing information about what went wrong.
 */
static void nrf_qwr_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
    APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}


/**@brief Function for handling write events to the LED characteristic.
 *
 * @param[in] p_lbs     Instance of LED Button Service to which the write applies.
 * @param[in] led_state Written/desired state of the LED.
 */
static void led_write_handler(uint16_t conn_handle, ble_lbs_t * p_lbs, uint8_t led_state)
{
    if (led_state)
    {
        bsp_board_led_on(LEDBUTTON_LED);
        NRF_LOG_INFO("Received LED ON!");
    }
    else
    {
        bsp_board_led_off(LEDBUTTON_LED);
        NRF_LOG_INFO("Received LED OFF!");
    }
}


/**@brief Function for initializing services that will be used by the application.
 */
static void services_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t         err_code;
    ble_lbs_init_t     init     = {0};
    nrf_ble_qwr_init_t qwr_init = {0};

//    // Initialize Queued Write Module.
//    qwr_init.error_handler = nrf_qwr_error_handler;

//    err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_init(&m_qwr, &qwr_init);
//    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Initialize LBS.
    init.led_write_handler = led_write_handler;

    err_code = ble_lbs_init(&m_lbs, &init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for handling the Connection Parameters Module.
 *
 * @details This function will be called for all events in the Connection Parameters Module that
 *          are passed to the application.
 *
 * @note All this function does is to disconnect. This could have been done by simply
 *       setting the disconnect_on_fail config parameter, but instead we use the event
 *       handler mechanism to demonstrate its use.
 *
 * @param[in] p_evt  Event received from the Connection Parameters Module.
 */
static void on_conn_params_evt(ble_conn_params_evt_t * p_evt)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    if (p_evt->evt_type == BLE_CONN_PARAMS_EVT_FAILED)
    {
        err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle, BLE_HCI_CONN_INTERVAL_UNACCEPTABLE);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling a Connection Parameters error.
 *
 * @param[in] nrf_error  Error code containing information about what went wrong.
 */
static void conn_params_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
    APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the Connection Parameters module.
 */
static void conn_params_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t             err_code;
    ble_conn_params_init_t cp_init;

    memset(&cp_init, 0, sizeof(cp_init));

    cp_init.p_conn_params                  = NULL;
    cp_init.first_conn_params_update_delay = FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
    cp_init.next_conn_params_update_delay  = NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
    cp_init.max_conn_params_update_count   = MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT;
    cp_init.start_on_notify_cccd_handle    = BLE_GATT_HANDLE_INVALID;
    cp_init.disconnect_on_fail             = false;
    cp_init.evt_handler                    = on_conn_params_evt;
    cp_init.error_handler                  = conn_params_error_handler;

    err_code = ble_conn_params_init(&cp_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for starting advertising.
 */
//static void advertising_start(void)
//{
//    ret_code_t           err_code;

//    err_code = sd_ble_gap_adv_start(m_adv_handle, APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG);
//    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

//    bsp_board_led_on(ADVERTISING_LED);
//}

/**@brief Clear bond information from persistent storage.
 */
static void delete_bonds(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    NRF_LOG_INFO("Erase bonds");

    err_code = pm_peers_delete();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
///Added for bonding/
Added for bonding//
/**@brief Function for starting advertising.
 */
static void advertising_start(bool erase_bonds)
{
    if (erase_bonds == true)
    {
        delete_bonds();
        // Advertising is started by PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED event.
    }
    else
    {
        ret_code_t err_code = sd_ble_gap_adv_start(m_adv_handle, APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG);

        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
}
Added for bonding//
///Added for bonding/
/**@brief Function for handling Peer Manager events.
 *
 * @param[in] p_evt  Peer Manager event.
 */
static void pm_evt_handler(pm_evt_t const * p_evt)
{
    pm_handler_on_pm_evt(p_evt);
    pm_handler_flash_clean(p_evt);

    switch (p_evt->evt_id)
    {
        case PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED:
            advertising_start(false);
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}
///Added for bonding
/**@brief Function for the Peer Manager initialization.
 */
static void peer_manager_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    err_code = pm_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = pm_register(pm_evt_handler);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    ble_gap_sec_params_t sec_param;

    memset(&sec_param, 0, sizeof(ble_gap_sec_params_t));

    sec_param.bond           = SEC_PARAM_BOND;
    sec_param.mitm           = SEC_PARAM_MITM;
    sec_param.lesc           = SEC_PARAM_LESC;
    sec_param.keypress       = SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS;
    sec_param.io_caps        = SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES;
    sec_param.oob            = SEC_PARAM_OOB;
    sec_param.min_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.max_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.kdist_own.enc  = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_own.id   = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.enc = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.id  = 1;

    err_code = pm_sec_params_set(&sec_param);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}






/**@brief Function for handling BLE events.
 *
 * @param[in]   p_ble_evt   Bluetooth stack event.
 * @param[in]   p_context   Unused.
 */
static void ble_evt_handler(ble_evt_t const * p_ble_evt, void * p_context)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id)
    {
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED:        //主从机连接成功
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Connected"); 
            bsp_board_led_on(CONNECTED_LED);
            bsp_board_led_off(ADVERTISING_LED);
            m_conn_handle = p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle;
//            err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_conn_handle_assign(&m_qwr, m_conn_handle);
//            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            err_code = app_button_enable();
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            ble_gap_phys_t const phys =
            {
                .rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_2MBPS,
                .tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_2MBPS,
            };
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys);
            
            /Added for bonding 
            err_code = pm_conn_secure(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, false);
            if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY)
            {
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            }
            /Added for bonding
            
//            //启动连接后，连接成功，启动本次连接的安全认证
//			ble_gap_sec_params_t params;
//            params.bond = 0;
//            params.mitm = 1;
//            sd_ble_gap_authenticate(m_conn_handle,&params);
            
            break;
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE_REQUEST://PHY更新请求
        {
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("PHY update request.");
            ble_gap_phys_t const phys =
            {
                .rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
                .tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
            };
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
        } break;
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE:         //PHY更新完成
            NRF_LOG_INFO("tx: %d, rx: %d",
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.phy_update.tx_phy,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.phy_update.rx_phy
                         );
            break;
        
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Disconnected");
            bsp_board_led_off(CONNECTED_LED);
            m_conn_handle = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;
            err_code = app_button_disable();
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            advertising_start(false);
            break;

        case BLE_GAP_EVT_SEC_PARAMS_REQUEST:  //安全参数交换请求
            //pairng_request();
            break;

        case BLE_GATTS_EVT_SYS_ATTR_MISSING:
            // No system attributes have been stored.
            err_code = sd_ble_gatts_sys_attr_set(m_conn_handle, NULL, 0, 0);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Client timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Client Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Server timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Server Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;
        
        // 连接参数更新
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONN_PARAM_UPDATE:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("conn_Param Update: %d,%d,%d,%d",
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.min_conn_interval,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.max_conn_interval,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.slave_latency,
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.conn_param_update.conn_params.conn_sup_timeout
                         );
            break;
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_PASSKEY_DISPLAY:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("passkey: %c,%c,%c,%c,%c,%c",
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[0],
                         p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[1],
                            p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[2],
                            p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[3],
                            p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[4],
                            p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey[5]
                         );
            break;
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_STATUS:
			//认证，如果认证失败，则断开连接
            if(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.auth_status == BLE_GAP_SEC_STATUS_SUCCESS)
            {

            }
            else
            {
                sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle, BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            }
          
        default:
            // No implementation needed.
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the BLE stack.
 *
 * @details Initializes the SoftDevice and the BLE event interrupt.
 */
static void ble_stack_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    err_code = nrf_sdh_enable_request();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Configure the BLE stack using the default settings.
    // Fetch the start address of the application RAM.
    uint32_t ram_start = 0;
    err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_default_cfg_set(APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG, &ram_start);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Enable BLE stack.
    err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_enable(&ram_start);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Register a handler for BLE events.
    NRF_SDH_BLE_OBSERVER(m_ble_observer, APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO, ble_evt_handler, NULL);
}


/**@brief Function for handling events from the button handler module.
 *
 * @param[in] pin_no        The pin that the event applies to.
 * @param[in] button_action The button action (press/release).
 */
static void button_event_handler(uint8_t pin_no, uint8_t button_action)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    switch (pin_no)
    {
        case LEDBUTTON_BUTTON:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Send button state change.");
            err_code = ble_lbs_on_button_change(m_conn_handle, &m_lbs, button_action);
            if (err_code != NRF_SUCCESS &&
                err_code != BLE_ERROR_INVALID_CONN_HANDLE &&
                err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE &&
                err_code != BLE_ERROR_GATTS_SYS_ATTR_MISSING)
            {
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            }
            break;

        default:
            APP_ERROR_HANDLER(pin_no);
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the button handler module.
 */
static void buttons_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    //The array must be static because a pointer to it will be saved in the button handler module.
    static app_button_cfg_t buttons[] =
    {
        {LEDBUTTON_BUTTON, false, BUTTON_PULL, button_event_handler}
    };

    err_code = app_button_init(buttons, ARRAY_SIZE(buttons),
                               BUTTON_DETECTION_DELAY);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


static void log_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code = NRF_LOG_INIT(NULL);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    NRF_LOG_DEFAULT_BACKENDS_INIT();
}


/**@brief Function for initializing power management.
 */
static void power_management_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;
    err_code = nrf_pwr_mgmt_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for handling the idle state (main loop).
 *
 * @details If there is no pending log operation, then sleep until next the next event occurs.
 */
static void idle_state_handle(void)
{
    if (NRF_LOG_PROCESS() == false)
    {
        //nrf_pwr_mgmt_run();
    }
}




/**@brief Function for application main entry.
 */
int main(void)
{
    // Initialize.
    log_init();
    leds_init();
    timers_init();
    buttons_init();
    power_management_init();
    ble_stack_init();
    gap_params_init();
    gatt_init();
    services_init();
    advertising_init();
    conn_params_init();

    /Added for bonding//
    peer_manager_init();
    /Added for bonding//
    
    // Start execution.
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Blinky example started.");
    advertising_start(false);

    // Enter main loop.
    for (;;)
    {
        idle_state_handle();
    }
}


/**
 * @}
 */

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