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文章来源:https://www.haorooms.com/post/js_shixian_jquery
有些公司手机网站开发不用第三方的jquery或者zeptio,直接用原生的javascript。原生javascript功能是蛮强大的,只不过部分属性不支持IE8以下浏览器。下面对jquery相关方法,如何用js来实现,做一些简单总结。同时熟练的操作Dom也是爬虫必备技能之一。
- //JQUERY
- $(el).addClass(className);
-
- //js
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- if (el.classList)
- el.classList.add(className);
- else
- el.className += ' ' + className;
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE10+
- el.classList.add(className);
- //JQUERY
- $(el).after(htmlString);
-
- //js 谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.insertAdjacentHTML('afterend', htmlString);
- //JQUERY
- $(parent).append(el);
-
- //js谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- parent.appendChild(el);
- //JQUERY
- $(el).before(htmlString);
-
- //js谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.insertAdjacentHTML('beforebegin', htmlString);
- //JQUERY
- $(el).children();
-
- //js
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- var children = [];
- for (var i = el.children.length; i--;) {
- // Skip comment nodes on IE8
- if (el.children[i].nodeType != 8)
- children.unshift(el.children[i]);
- }
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- el.children
- //JQUERY
- $(el).clone();
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.cloneNode(true);
- //JQUERY
- $.contains(el, child);
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el !== child && el.contains(child);
- //JQUERY
- $(el).find(selector).length;
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.querySelector(selector) !== null
- //JQUERY
- $(selector).each(function(i, el){
-
- });
-
- //js谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- function forEachElement(selector, fn) {
- var elements = document.querySelectorAll(selector);
- for (var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++)
- fn(elements[i], i);
- }
-
- forEachElement(selector, function(el, i){
-
- });
- //js谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- var elements = document.querySelectorAll(selector);
- Array.prototype.forEach.call(elements, function(el, i){
-
- });
- //JQUERY
- $(el).empty();
-
- //js谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- while(el.firstChild)
- el.removeChild(el.firstChild);
- //js谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- el.innerHTML = '';
- //JQUERY
- $(selector).filter(filterFn);
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- function filter(selector, filterFn) {
- var elements = document.querySelectorAll(selector);
- var out = [];
- for (var i = elements.length; i--;) {
- if (filterFn(elements[i]))
- out.unshift(elements[i]);
- }
- return out;
- }
-
- filter(selector, filterFn);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- Array.prototype.filter.call(document.querySelectorAll(selector), filterFn);
- //JQUERY
- $(el).find(selector);
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.querySelectorAll(selector);
- //JQUERY
- $('.my #awesome selector');
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- document.querySelectorAll('.my #awesome selector');
- //JQUERY
- $(el).attr('tabindex');
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.getAttribute('tabindex');
- //JQUERY
- $(el).html();
-
- //js
- el.innerHTML
- //JQUERY
- $(el).css(ruleName);
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- getComputedStyle(el)[ruleName];
- //JQUERY
- $(el).text();
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.textContent || el.innerText
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- el.textContent
- //JQUERY
- $(el).hasClass(className);
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- if (el.classList)
- el.classList.contains(className);
- else
- new RegExp('(^| )' + className + '( |$)', 'gi').test(el.className);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE10+
- el.classList.contains(className);
- JQUERY
- $(el).is($(otherEl));
-
- //js
- el === otherEl
- //JQUERY
- $(el).is('.my-class');
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- var matches = function(el, selector) {
- var _matches = (el.matches || el.matchesSelector || el.msMatchesSelector || el.mozMatchesSelector || el.webkitMatchesSelector || el.oMatchesSelector);
-
- if (_matches) {
- return _matches.call(el, selector);
- } else {
- var nodes = el.parentNode.querySelectorAll(selector);
- for (var i = nodes.length; i--;) {
- if (nodes[i] === el)
- return true;
- }
- return false;
- }
- };
-
- matches(el, '.my-class');
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- var matches = function(el, selector) {
- return (el.matches || el.matchesSelector || el.msMatchesSelector || el.mozMatchesSelector || el.webkitMatchesSelector || el.oMatchesSelector).call(el, selector);
- };
-
- matches(el, '.my-class');
- //JQUERY
- $(el).next();
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- // nextSibling can include text nodes
- function nextElementSibling(el) {
- do { el = el.nextSibling; } while ( el && el.nodeType !== 1 );
- return el;
- }
-
- el.nextElementSibling || nextElementSibling(el);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- el.nextElementSibling
- //JQUERY
- $(el).offset();
- //js谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- var rect = el.getBoundingClientRect()
-
- {
- top: rect.top + document.body.scrollTop,
- left: rect.left + document.body.scrollLeft
- }
- //JQUERY
- $(el).outerWidth();
- //js
- el.offsetWidth
- //JQUERY
- $(el).parent();
- //js
- el.parentNode
- //JQUERY
- $(el).position();
- //js
- {left: el.offsetLeft, top: el.offsetTop}
- //JQUERY
- $(el).prev();
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- // prevSibling can include text nodes
- function previousElementSibling(el) {
- do { el = el.previousSibling; } while ( el && el.nodeType !== 1 );
- return el;
- }
-
- el.previousElementSibling || previousElementSibling(el);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- el.previousElementSibling
- //JQUERY
- $(el).remove();
- //js谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.parentNode.removeChild(el);
- //JQUERY
- $(el).removeClass(className);
- //js谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- if (el.classList)
- el.classList.remove(className);
- else
- el.className = el.className.replace(new RegExp('(^|\\b)' + className.split(' ').join('|') + '(\\b|$)', 'gi'), ' ');
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE10+
- el.classList.remove(className);
- //JQUERY
- $(el).replaceWith(string);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.outerHTML = string;
- //JQUERY
- $(el).attr('tabindex', 3);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.setAttribute('tabindex', 3);
- //JQUERY
- $(el).html(string);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.innerHTML = string;
- //JQUERY
- $(el).css('border-width', '20px');
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- // Use a class if possible
- el.style.borderWidth = '20px';
- //JQUERY
- $(el).text(string);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- if (el.textContent !== undefined)
- el.textContent = string;
- else
- el.innerText = string;
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- el.textContent = string;
- //JQUERY
- $(el).siblings();
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- var siblings = Array.prototype.slice.call(el.parentNode.children);
-
- for (var i = siblings.length; i--;) {
- if (siblings[i] === el) {
- siblings.splice(i, 1);
- break;
- }
- }
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- Array.prototype.filter.call(el.parentNode.children, function(child){
- return child !== el;
- });
- //JQUERY
- $(el).toggleClass(className);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- if (el.classList) {
- el.classList.toggle(className);
- } else {
- var classes = el.className.split(' ');
- var existingIndex = -1;
- for (var i = classes.length; i--;) {
- if (classes[i] === className)
- existingIndex = i;
- }
-
- if (existingIndex >= 0)
- classes.splice(existingIndex, 1);
- else
- classes.push(className);
-
- el.className = classes.join(' ');
- }
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- if (el.classList) {
- el.classList.toggle(className);
- } else {
- var classes = el.className.split(' ');
- var existingIndex = classes.indexOf(className);
-
- if (existingIndex >= 0)
- classes.splice(existingIndex, 1);
- else
- classes.push(className);
-
- el.className = classes.join(' ');
- }
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE10+
- el.classList.toggle(className);
- //JQUERY
- $(el).off(eventName, eventHandler);
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- function removeEventListener(el, eventName, handler) {
- if (el.removeEventListener)
- el.removeEventListener(eventName, handler);
- else
- el.detachEvent('on' + eventName, handler);
- }
- removeEventListener(el, eventName, handler);
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- el.removeEventListener(eventName, eventHandler);
- //JQUERY
- $(el).on(eventName, eventHandler);
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- function addEventListener(el, eventName, handler) {
- if (el.addEventListener) {
- el.addEventListener(eventName, handler);
- } else {
- el.attachEvent('on' + eventName, function(){
- handler.call(el);
- });
- }
- }
-
- addEventListener(el, eventName, handler);
-
- 谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- el.addEventListener(eventName, eventHandler);
- //JQUERY
- $(document).ready(function(){
-
- });
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
-
- function ready(fn) {
- if (document.readyState != 'loading'){
- fn();
- } else if (document.addEventListener) {
- document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', fn);
- } else {
- document.attachEvent('onreadystatechange', function() {
- if (document.readyState != 'loading')
- fn();
- });
- }
- }
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
-
- function ready(fn) {
- if (document.readyState != 'loading'){
- fn();
- } else {
- document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', fn);
- }
- //JQUERY
- $(el).trigger('my-event', {some: 'data'});
-
-
- //js谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- if (window.CustomEvent) {
- var event = new CustomEvent('my-event', {detail: {some: 'data'}});
- } else {
- var event = document.createEvent('CustomEvent');
- event.initCustomEvent('my-event', true, true, {some: 'data'});
- }
-
- el.dispatchEvent(event);
- //JQUERY
- $(el).trigger('change');
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- if (document.createEvent) {
- var event = document.createEvent('HTMLEvents');
- event.initEvent('change', true, false);
- el.dispatchEvent(event);
- } else {
- el.fireEvent('onchange');
- }
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- // For a full list of event types: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/document.createEvent
- var event = document.createEvent('HTMLEvents');
- event.initEvent('change', true, false);
- el.dispatchEvent(event);
- //JQUERY
- $.each(array, function(i, item){
-
- });
-
- 谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- function forEach(array, fn) {
- for (i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
- fn(array[i], i);
- }
-
- forEach(array, function(item, i){
-
- });
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- array.forEach(function(item, i){
-
- });
- //JQUERY
- $.extend(true, {}, objA, objB);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- var deepExtend = function(out) {
- out = out || {};
-
- for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
- var obj = arguments[i];
-
- if (!obj)
- continue;
-
- for (var key in obj) {
- if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
- if (typeof obj[key] === 'object')
- deepExtend(out[key], obj[key]);
- else
- out[key] = obj[key];
- }
- }
- }
-
- return out;
- };
-
- deepExtend({}, objA, objB);
- //JQUERY
- $.proxy(fn, context);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- fn.apply(context, arguments);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- fn.bind(context);
- //jQuery
- $.extend({}, objA, objB);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- var extend = function(out) {
- out = out || {};
-
- for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
- if (!arguments[i])
- continue;
-
- for (var key in arguments[i]) {
- if (arguments[i].hasOwnProperty(key))
- out[key] = arguments[i][key];
- }
- }
-
- return out;
- };
-
- extend({}, objA, objB);
- //JQUERY
- $.inArray(item, array);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- function indexOf(array, item) {
- for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
- if (array[i] === item)
- return i;
- }
- return -1;
- }
-
- indexOf(array, item);
- 谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- array.indexOf(item);
- //JQUERY
- $.isArray(arr);
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- isArray = Array.isArray || function(arr) {
- return Object.prototype.toString.call(arr) == '[object Array]';
- }
-
- isArray(arr);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- Array.isArray(arr);
- //JQUERY
- $.map(array, function(value, index){
-
- });
-
- //js谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- function map(arr, fn) {
- var results = [];
- for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++)
- results.push(fn(arr[i], i));
- return results;
- }
-
- map(array, function(value, index){
-
- });
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- array.map(function(value, index){
-
- });
- //JQUERY
- $.now();
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- new Date().getTime();
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- Date.now();
- //JQUERY
- $.parseHTML(htmlString);
-
- 谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- var parseHTML = function(str) {
- var el = document.createElement('div');
- el.innerHTML = str;
- return el.children;
- };
-
- parseHTML(htmlString);
- 谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- var parseHTML = function(str) {
- var tmp = document.implementation.createHTMLDocument();
- tmp.body.innerHTML = str;
- return tmp.body.children;
- };
-
- parseHTML(htmlString);
- //JQUERY
- $.parseJSON(string);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- JSON.parse(string);
- //JQUERY
- $.trim(string);
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- string.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g, '');
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- string.trim();
- //JQUERY
- $.type(obj);
-
- 谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- Object.prototype.toString.call(obj)
- .replace(/^\[object (.+)\]$/, "$1")
- .toLowerCase();
新AJAX方法fetch()
基本Fetch用法
让我们先用一个例子来比较一下使用 XMLHttpRequest 和使用 fetch 之间的不同。我们要请求一个URL,获取JSON格式的返回结果。
原来的XMLHttpRequest
一个 XMLHttpRequest 请求需要两个监听器来捕捉 success 和 error 两种情形,而且需要调用 open() 和 send() 方法。
- function reqListener() {
- var data = JSON.parse(this.responseText);
- console.log(data);
- }
-
- function reqError(err) {
- console.log('Fetch Error :-S', err);
- }
-
- var oReq = new XMLHttpRequest();
- oReq.onload = reqListener;
- oReq.onerror = reqError;
- oReq.open('get', './api/some.json', true);
- oReq.send();
Fetch方法:
我们的 fetch 请求的代码基本上是这样的:
- fetch('./api/some.json')
- .then(
- function(response) {
- if (response.status !== 200) {
- console.log('Looks like there was a problem. Status Code: ' +
- response.status);
- return;
- }
-
- // Examine the text in the response
- response.json().then(function(data) {
- console.log(data);
- });
- }
- )
- .catch(function(err) {
- console.log('Fetch Error :-S', err);
- });
用fetch执行表单数据提交
在WEB应用中,提交表单是非常常见的操作,用fetch来提交表单数据也是非常简洁。
fetch里提供了 method 和 body 参数选项。
- fetch(url, {
- method: 'post',
- headers: {
- "Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8"
- },
- body: 'foo=bar&lorem=ipsum'
- })
- .then(json)
- .then(function (data) {
- console.log('Request succeeded with JSON response', data);
- })
- .catch(function (error) {
- console.log('Request failed', error);
- });
在Fetch请求里发送用户身份凭证信息
如果你想在fetch请求里附带cookies之类的凭证信息,可以将 credentials 参数设置成 “include” 值。
- fetch(url, {
- credentials: 'include'
- })
- //JQUERY
- $.getJSON('/my/url', function(data) {
-
- });
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
- request.open('GET', '/my/url', true);
-
- request.onreadystatechange = function() {
- if (this.readyState === 4) {
- if (this.status >= 200 && this.status < 400) {
- // Success!
- var data = JSON.parse(this.responseText);
- } else {
- // Error :(
- }
- }
- };
-
- request.send();
- request = null;
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
- request.open('GET', '/my/url', true);
-
- request.onload = function() {
- if (request.status >= 200 && request.status < 400) {
- // Success!
- var data = JSON.parse(request.responseText);
- } else {
- // We reached our target server, but it returned an error
-
- }
- };
-
- request.onerror = function() {
- // There was a connection error of some sort
- };
-
- request.send();
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE10+
- var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
- request.open('GET', '/my/url', true);
-
- request.onload = function() {
- if (this.status >= 200 && this.status < 400) {
- // Success!
- var data = JSON.parse(this.response);
- } else {
- // We reached our target server, but it returned an error
-
- }
- };
-
- request.onerror = function() {
- // There was a connection error of some sort
- };
-
- request.send();
- //JQUERY
- $.ajax({
- type: 'POST',
- url: '/my/url',
- data: data
- });
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
- request.open('POST', '/my/url', true);
- request.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8');
- request.send(data);
- //JQUERY
- $.ajax({
- type: 'GET',
- url: '/my/url',
- success: function(resp) {
-
- },
- error: function() {
-
- }
- });
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
- request.open('GET', '/my/url', true);
-
- request.onreadystatechange = function() {
- if (this.readyState === 4) {
- if (this.status >= 200 && this.status < 400) {
- // Success!
- var resp = this.responseText;
- } else {
- // Error :(
- }
- }
- };
-
- request.send();
- request = null;
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
- request.open('GET', '/my/url', true);
-
- request.onload = function() {
- if (request.status >= 200 && request.status < 400) {
- // Success!
- var resp = request.responseText;
- } else {
- // We reached our target server, but it returned an error
-
- }
- };
-
- request.onerror = function() {
- // There was a connection error of some sort
- };
-
- request.send();
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE10+
- var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
- request.open('GET', '/my/url', true);
-
- request.onload = function() {
- if (this.status >= 200 && this.status < 400) {
- // Success!
- var resp = this.response;
- } else {
- // We reached our target server, but it returned an error
-
- }
- };
-
- request.onerror = function() {
- // There was a connection error of some sort
- };
-
- request.send();
- //JQUERY
- $(el).fadeIn();
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- function fadeIn(el) {
- var opacity = 0;
-
- el.style.opacity = 0;
- el.style.filter = '';
-
- var last = +new Date();
- var tick = function() {
- opacity += (new Date() - last) / 400;
- el.style.opacity = opacity;
- el.style.filter = 'alpha(opacity=' + (100 * opacity)|0 + ')';
-
- last = +new Date();
-
- if (opacity < 1) {
- (window.requestAnimationFrame && requestAnimationFrame(tick)) || setTimeout(tick, 16);
- }
- };
-
- tick();
- }
-
- fadeIn(el);
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE9+
- function fadeIn(el) {
- el.style.opacity = 0;
-
- var last = +new Date();
- var tick = function() {
- el.style.opacity = +el.style.opacity + (new Date() - last) / 400;
- last = +new Date();
-
- if (+el.style.opacity < 1) {
- (window.requestAnimationFrame && requestAnimationFrame(tick)) || setTimeout(tick, 16)
- }
- };
-
- tick();
- }
-
- fadeIn(el);
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE10+
- el.classList.add('show');
- el.classList.remove('hide');
- .show {
- transition: opacity 400ms;
- }
- .hide {
- opacity: 0;
- }
- //JQUERY
- $(el).hide();
-
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.style.display = 'none';
- //JQUERY
- $(el).show();
- //谷歌浏览器,火狐浏览器,IE8+
- el.style.display = '';
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