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本篇Codelab使用ArkTS语言实现视频播放器,主要包括主页面和视频播放页面,我们将一起完成以下功能:
本篇Codelab使用了网络连接,需要在配置文件module.json5文件里添加权限:ohos.permission.INTERNET。
完成本篇Codelab我们首先要完成开发环境的搭建,本示例以RK3568开发板为例,参照以下步骤进行:
[获取OpenHarmony系统版本]:标准系统解决方案(二进制)。以3.2 Release版本为例:
搭建烧录环境。
搭建开发环境。
gitee.com/li-shizhen-skin/harmony-os/blob/master/README.md
点击或者复制转到。本篇Codelab只对核心代码进行讲解,对于完整代码,我们会在gitee中提供。
HarmonyOS与OpenHarmony鸿蒙文档籽料:mau123789是v直接拿 ├──entry/src/main/ets // 代码区 │ ├──common │ │ ├──constants │ │ │ ├──CommonConstants.ets // 公共常量类 │ │ │ ├──HomeConstants.ets // 首页常量类 │ │ │ └──PlayConstants.ets // 视频播放页面常量类 │ │ ├──model │ │ │ ├──HomeTabModel.ets // 首页参数模型 │ │ │ └──PlayerModel.ets // 播放参数模型 │ │ └──util │ │ ├──DateFormatUtil.ets // 日期工具类 │ │ ├──GlobalContext.ets // 全局工具类 │ │ ├──Logger.ets // 日志工具类 │ │ └──ScreenUtil.ets // 屏幕工具类 │ ├──controller │ │ └──VideoController.ets // 视频控制类 │ ├──entryability │ │ └──EntryAbility.ts // 程序入口类 │ ├──pages │ │ ├──HomePage.ets // 首页页面 │ │ └──PlayPage.ets // 视频播放页面 │ ├──view │ │ ├──HomeTabContent.ets // 首页Tab页面 │ │ ├──HomeTabContentButton.ets // 首页按钮子组件 │ │ ├──HomeTabContentDialog.ets // 添加网络视频弹框子组件 │ │ ├──HomeTabContentList.ets // 视频列表子组件 │ │ ├──HomeTabContentListItem.ets // 视频对象子组件 │ │ ├──PlayControl.ets // 播放控制子组件 │ │ ├──PlayPlayer.ets // 视频播放子组件 │ │ ├──PlayProgress.ets // 播放进度子组件 │ │ ├──PlayTitle.ets // 播放标题子组件 │ │ └──PlayTitleDialog.ets // 播放速度设置子组件 │ └──viewmodel │ ├──HomeDialogModel.ets // 添加网络视频弹框类 │ ├──HomeVideoListModel.ets // 获取视频列表数据类 │ ├──VideoItem.ets // 视频对象 │ └──VideoSpeed.ets // 播放速度类 └──entry/src/main/resource // 应用静态资源目录
视频来源主要有本地视和网络视频两种方式,效果如图所示:
获取本地视频,通过resourceManager.getRawFd方法获取rawfile文件夹中的视频资源文件描述符,构造本地视频对象。
// HomeVideoListModel.ets // 获取本地视频 async getLocalVideo() { this.videoLocalList = []; await this.assemblingVideoBean(); GlobalContext.getContext().setObject('videoLocalList', this.videoLocalList); return this.videoLocalList; } // HomeVideoListModel.ets // 组装本地视频对象 async assemblingVideoBean() { VIDEO_DATA.forEach(async (item: VideoItem) => { let videoBean = await getContext().resourceManager.getRawFd(item.iSrc); let uri = videoBean; this.videoLocalList.push(new VideoItem(item.name, uri, '')); }); }
网络视频是通过手动输入地址,在有网的环境下点击“链接校验”,通过地址获取视频时长,当视频时长小于等于零时弹出“链接校验失败”提示,否则弹出“链接校验成功”提示。
// HomeDialogModel.ets // 设置网络视频路径 async checkSrcValidity(checkFlag: number) { if (this.isLoading) { return; } this.isLoading = true; this.homeTabModel.linkCheck = $r('app.string.link_checking'); this.homeTabModel.loadColor = $r('app.color.index_tab_unselected_font_color'); this.checkFlag = checkFlag; this.createAvPlayer(); } // 校验链接有效性 checkUrlValidity() { this.isLoading = false; this.homeTabModel.linkCheck = $r('app.string.link_check'); this.homeTabModel.loadColor = $r('app.color.index_tab_selected_font_color'); if (this.avPlayer !== null) { this.avPlayer.release(); } if (this.duration === HomeConstants.DURATION_TWO) { // Failed to verify the link this.showPrompt($r('app.string.link_check_fail')); } else if (this.duration === HomeConstants.DURATION_ONE) { // The address is incorrect or no network is available this.showPrompt($r('app.string.link_check_address_internet')); } else { this.duration = 0; if (this.checkFlag === 0) { this.showPrompt($r('app.string.link_check_success')); } else { this.homeTabModel!.confirm(); this.homeTabModel!.controller!.close(); } } }
视频播放主要包括视频的暂停、播放、切换、倍速播放、拖动进度条设置当前进度、显示当前播放时间、音量调节等功能,本章节主要针对播放管理类(下面简称:AVPlayer)进行讲解,具体细节请参考gitee源码,效果如图所示:
播放的全流程包含:创建AVPlayer,设置播放资源,设置播放参数(音量/倍速),播放控制(播放/暂停/上一个视频/下一个视频),重置,销毁资源。状态机变化如图所示:
视频播放之前需要初始化XComponent组件用于展示视频画面。XComponent组件初始化成功之后在onLoad()中获取surfaceID用于与AVPlayer实例关联。
// PlayPlayer.ets
XComponent({
...
controller: this.xComponentController
})
.onLoad(async () => {
...
this.surfaceID = this.xComponentController.getXComponentSurfaceId();
...
})
...
使用AVPlayer前需要通过createAVPlayer()构建一个实例对象,并为AVPlayer实例绑定状态机,状态机具体请参考AVPlayerState。
// VideoController.ets async createAVPlayer() { let avPlayer: media.AVPlayer = await media.createAVPlayer(); this.avPlayer = avPlayer; this.bindState(); } // VideoController.ets async bindState() { if (this.avPlayer === null) { return; } this.avPlayer.on(Events.STATE_CHANGE, async (state: media.AVPlayerState) => { let avplayerStatus: string = state; if (this.avPlayer === null) { return; } switch (avplayerStatus) { case AvplayerStatus.IDLE: ... case AvplayerStatus.INITIALIZED: ... case AvplayerStatus.PREPARED: ... case AvplayerStatus.PLAYING: ... case AvplayerStatus.PAUSED: ... case AvplayerStatus.COMPLETED: ... case AvplayerStatus.RELEASED: ... default: ... } }); this.avPlayer.on(Events.TIME_UPDATE, (time: number) => { this.initProgress(time); }); this.avPlayer.on(Events.ERROR, () => { this.playError(); }) }
AVPlayer实例需设置播放路径和XComponent中获取的surfaceID,设置播放路径之后AVPlayer状态机变为initialized状态,在此状态下调用prepare(),进入prepared状态。
// VideoController.ets async firstPlay(index: number, url: resourceManager.RawFileDescriptor, iUrl: string, surfaceId: string) { this.index = index; this.url = url; this.iUrl = iUrl; this.surfaceId = surfaceId; if (this.avPlayer === null) { await this.createAVPlayer(); } if (this.avPlayer !== null) { if (this.iUrl) { this.avPlayer.url = this.iUrl; } else { this.avPlayer.fdSrc = this.url; } } } // VideoController.ets async bindState() { ... this.avPlayer.on(Events.STATE_CHANGE, async (state: media.AVPlayerState) => { let avplayerStatus: string = state; if (this.avPlayer === null) { return; } switch (avplayerStatus) { case AvplayerStatus.IDLE: ... case AvplayerStatus.INITIALIZED: this.avPlayer.surfaceId = this.surfaceId; this.avPlayer.prepare(); break; ... } }); ... }
在prepared状态下可获取当前播放路径对应视频的总时长,并执行play()进行视频播放。
// VideoController.ets async bindState() { ... this.avPlayer.on(Events.STATE_CHANGE, async (state: media.AVPlayerState) => { ... switch (avplayerStatus) { ... case AvplayerStatus.PREPARED: this.avPlayer.videoScaleType = 0; this.setVideoSize(); this.avPlayer.play(); this.duration = this.avPlayer.duration; break; ... } }); ... }
视频播放后,变为playing状态,可通过“播放/暂停”按钮切换播放状态,当视频暂停时状态机变为paused状态。
// VideoController.ets switchPlayOrPause() { if (this.avPlayer === null) { return; } if (this.status === CommonConstants.STATUS_START) { this.avPlayer.pause(); } else { this.avPlayer.play(); } } // VideoController.ets async bindState() { ... this.avPlayer.on(Events.STATE_CHANGE, async (state: media.AVPlayerState) => { ... switch (avplayerStatus) { ... case AvplayerStatus.PLAYING: this.avPlayer.setVolume(this.playerModel.volume); this.setBright(); this.status = CommonConstants.STATUS_START; this.watchStatus(); break; ... } }); ... }
可拖动进度条设置视频播放位置,也可滑动音量调节区域设置视频播放音量、设置播放速度。
// VideoController.ets // 设置当前播放位置 setSeekTime(value: number, mode: SliderChangeMode) { if (mode === Number(SliderMode.MOVING)) { this.playerModel.progressVal = value; this.playerModel.currentTime = DateFormatUtil.secondToTime(Math.floor(value * this.duration / CommonConstants.ONE_HUNDRED / CommonConstants.A_THOUSAND)); } if (mode === Number(SliderMode.END) || mode === Number(SliderMode.CLICK)) { this.seekTime = value * this.duration / CommonConstants.ONE_HUNDRED; if (this.avPlayer !== null) { this.avPlayer.seek(this.seekTime, media.SeekMode.SEEK_PREV_SYNC); } } } // VideoController.ets // 设置播放音量 onVolumeActionUpdate(event?: GestureEvent) { if (!event) { return; } if (this.avPlayer === null) { return; } if (CommonConstants.OPERATE_STATE.indexOf(this.avPlayer.state) === -1) { return; } if (this.playerModel.brightShow === false) { this.playerModel.volumeShow = true; let screenWidth = GlobalContext.getContext().getObject('screenWidth') as number; let changeVolume = (event.offsetX - this.positionX) / screenWidth; let volume: number = this.playerModel.volume; let currentVolume = volume + changeVolume; let volumeMinFlag = currentVolume <= PlayConstants.MIN_VALUE; let volumeMaxFlag = currentVolume > PlayConstants.MAX_VALUE; this.playerModel.volume = volumeMinFlag ? PlayConstants.MIN_VALUE : (volumeMaxFlag ? PlayConstants.MAX_VALUE : currentVolume); this.avPlayer.setVolume(this.playerModel.volume); this.positionX = event.offsetX; } } // VideoController.ets // 设置播放速度 setSpeed(playSpeed: number) { if (this.avPlayer === null) { return; } if (CommonConstants.OPERATE_STATE.indexOf(this.avPlayer.state) === -1) { return; } this.playerModel.playSpeed = playSpeed; this.avPlayer.setSpeed(this.playerModel.playSpeed); }
视频播放完成之后,进入completed状态,需调用reset()对视频进行重置,此时变为idle转态,在idle状态下设置下一个视频的播放地址,又会进入initialized状态。
// VideoController.ets sync bindState() { ... this.avPlayer.on(Events.STATE_CHANGE, async (state: media.AVPlayerState) => { let avplayerStatus: string = state; ... switch (avplayerStatus) { case AvplayerStatus.IDLE: this.resetProgress(); if (this.iUrl) { this.avPlayer.url = this.iUrl; } else { this.avPlayer.fdSrc = this.url; } break; case AvplayerStatus.INITIALIZED: this.avPlayer.surfaceId = this.surfaceId; this.avPlayer.prepare(); break; ... case AvplayerStatus.COMPLETED: ... this.avPlayer.reset(); break; ... } }); ... }
播放页面通过绑定平移手势(PanGesture),上下滑动调节屏幕亮度,左右滑动调节视频音量,效果如图所示:
// PlayPage.ets Column() { ... Column() ... .gesture( PanGesture(this.panOptionBright) .onActionStart((event?: GestureEvent) => { this.playVideoModel.onBrightActionStart(event); }) .onActionUpdate((event?: GestureEvent) => { this.playVideoModel.onBrightActionUpdate(event); }) .onActionEnd(() => { this.playVideoModel.onActionEnd(); }) ) ... Column() ... .gesture( PanGesture(this.panOptionVolume) .onActionStart((event?: GestureEvent) => { this.playVideoModel.onVolumeActionStart(event); }) .onActionUpdate((event?: GestureEvent) => { this.playVideoModel.onVolumeActionUpdate(event); }) .onActionEnd(() => { this.playVideoModel.onActionEnd(); }) ) ... } ...
本章节以音量调节介绍手势控制,当手指触摸音量调节区域时获取当前屏幕坐标,滑动手指实时获取屏幕坐标并计算音量。
// VideoController.ets // 手指触摸到音量调节区域 onVolumeActionStart(event?: GestureEvent) { if (!event) { return; } this.positionX = event.offsetX; } // 手指在音量调节区域水平滑动 onVolumeActionUpdate(event?: GestureEvent) { if (!event) { return; } if (this.avPlayer === null) { return; } if (CommonConstants.OPERATE_STATE.indexOf(this.avPlayer.state) === -1) { return; } if (this.playerModel.brightShow === false) { this.playerModel.volumeShow = true; let screenWidth = GlobalContext.getContext().getObject('screenWidth') as number; let changeVolume = (event.offsetX - this.positionX) / screenWidth; let volume: number = this.playerModel.volume; let currentVolume = volume + changeVolume; let volumeMinFlag = currentVolume <= PlayConstants.MIN_VALUE; let volumeMaxFlag = currentVolume > PlayConstants.MAX_VALUE; this.playerModel.volume = volumeMinFlag ? PlayConstants.MIN_VALUE : (volumeMaxFlag ? PlayConstants.MAX_VALUE : currentVolume); this.avPlayer.setVolume(this.playerModel.volume); this.positionX = event.offsetX; } }
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