二进制方式安装mysql

一、创建mysql目录

mkdir /mytools
cd /mytools

二、下载mysql二进制

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

三、解压缩二进制mysql代码

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

四、配置软链接，快捷访问mysql

ln -s /mytools/mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /mytools/mysql

五、安全性准备工作，卸载可能centos7存在的mariadb相关的依赖关系

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

六、开始准备启动mysql的配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf
 
// [mysqld]      这是代表对服务端生效的参数
// [mysql]       这是代表对客户端的生效的参数
 
[mysqld]
basedir=/mytools/mysql/
datadir=/mytools/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server_id=1
port=3306
log_error=/mytools/mysql/data/mysql_err.log
 
[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

七、初始化mysql服务端

1.检查mysql的所需的依赖环境
yum install libaio-devel -y
 
2.创建mysql数据文件夹，用于初始化数据，且进行权限控制
mkdir -p /mytools/mysql/data/
chown -R mysql.mysql /mytools/mysql/  #修改mysql所有的内容，更改属主，属组为mysql用户
 
3.初始化mysql数据库
/mytools/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/mytools/mysql/ --datadir=/mytools/mysql/data/

八、配置mysql客户端

使用systemctl命令管理mysql数据库

编写mysql启动的脚本，定义一个mysqld.service
touch /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service  #写入如下的内容
 
[Unit]
Description=MySQL server by ymh
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
 
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/mytools/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE=5000

九、启动mysqld服务端

1.由于我们配置了mysqld.service脚本，直接用命令启动用
systemctl start mysqld.service
#启动完了之后，检查数据库状态，检查为active状态，mysql就正常启动了
 
[root@iZt4n9649a5hnayu7zbf5rZ system]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2024-04-19 02:31:58 CST; 2 days ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 930 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Tasks: 24
   Memory: 155.6M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           ├─ 971 /bin/sh /www/server/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/www/server/data --pid-file=/www/server/data/iZt4n9649a5hnayu7zbf5rZ.pid
           └─1728 /www/server/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/www/server/mysql --datadir=/www/server/data --plugin-dir=/www/server/mysql/lib/plugin --user=m...
 
Apr 19 02:31:56 iZt4n9649a5hnayu7zbf5rZ systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...
Apr 19 02:31:58 iZt4n9649a5hnayu7zbf5rZ mysqld[930]: Starting MySQL..[  OK  ]
Apr 19 02:31:58 iZt4n9649a5hnayu7zbf5rZ systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL.
 
2.检查进程
ps -ef|grep mysqld
3.检查端口
netstat -tunlp|grep 3306

如果systemctl start mysqld.service启动失败，就使用需要重新初始化数据库

ll /mytools/mysql/data/
rm -rf /mytools/mysql/data/*
/mytools/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/mytools/mysql/ --datadir=/mytools/mysql/data/
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl status mysqld

十、登录mysql数据库

这个mysql是c/s架构模式的，就好比登录qq一样

先启动mysqld服务端，然后用mysql客户端命令登录即可

1.如果你电脑之前装过其他的数据库，你可以用yum直接卸载，不会影响到你安装的二进制mysql数据库
yum remove mysql -y
 
2.退出会话，重新登录
 
3.配置我们安装的二进制mysgl  PATH环境变量
/mytools/mysql/bin  #这是我们安装的二进制mysql命令目录
 
当前的PATH变量
[root@web02 bin]#echo SPATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/mytools/nginx/sbin:/root/bin

vim /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh  #写入如下新的PATH变量
export PATH="$PATH:/mytools/mysql/bin"
echo $PATH
cd /bin
mv mysql mysql5.7
which mysql

十一、登录mysql数据库

#登录数据库的命令
[root@iZt4n9649a5hnayu7zbf5rZ bin]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: (这里不需要输入密码，直接回车就能登入mysql)
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql>

十二、修改mysql数据库密码

mysqladmin -u root password  'ymh'  #使用mysqladmint命令，修改root密码为ymh

修改密码后再次想要登录数据库

[root@iZt4n9649a5hnayu7zbf5rZ -]mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000):Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'(using password:NO)
如果你不输入密码，或者输入错误，就会有如上的提示

正确的输入root密码ymh才能登入mysql