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项目中需要用到堡垒机功能,调研了一大圈,发现了Apache Guacamole这个开源项目。
Apache Guacamole 是一个无客户端的远程桌面网关,它支持众多标准管理协议,例如 VNC(RFB),RDP,SSH 等等。该项目是Apache基金会旗下的一个开源项目,也是一个较高标准,并具有广泛应用前景的项目。
当Guacamole被部署在服务器上后,用户通过浏览器即可访问已经开启 VNC(RFB),RDP,SSH 等远程管理服务的主机,屏蔽用户使用环境差异,跨平台,另外由于Guacamole本身被设计为一种代理工作模型,方便对用户集中授权监控等管理,,也被众多堡垒机项目所集成,例如‘jumpserver’,‘next-terminal’。
Guacamole项目的主页如下:
Guacamole项目的架构如下图:
包括了guacd、guacamole、前端页面等几个模块。
其中,guacd是由C语言编写,接受并处理guacamole发送来的请求,然后翻译并转换这个请求,动态的调用遵循那些标准管理协议开发的开源客户端,例如FreeRDP,libssh2,LibVNC,代为连接Remote Desktops,最后回传数据给guacamole,guacamole回传数据给web browser。
guacamole是web工程,包含了java后端服务和angular前端页面, 通过servlet或websocket与前端界面交互,通过tcp与guacd交互。同时集成了用户管理、权限验证、数据管理等各种功能。这块的模块组成如下:
我们项目中有很多自己的业务需求和界面需求,所以,Web这块决定不用开源自带的后端和界面,自己开发。基于guacamole-common和js库进行二次开发。
POM:包含了guacamole-common、guacamole-common-js,以及servlet、websocket等。
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
- <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
- <version>2.5</version>
- <scope>provided</scope>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>javax.websocket</groupId>
- <artifactId>javax.websocket-api</artifactId>
- <version>1.0</version>
- <scope>provided</scope>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.guacamole</groupId>
- <artifactId>guacamole-common</artifactId>
- <version>1.5.1</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.guacamole</groupId>
- <artifactId>guacamole-ext</artifactId>
- <version>1.5.1</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.guacamole</groupId>
- <artifactId>guacamole-common-js</artifactId>
- <version>1.5.1</version>
- <type>zip</type>
- <scope>runtime</scope>
- </dependency>
可以通过servlet或websocket两种方式进行集成,推荐采用websocket方式,性能更好。
配置文件application.yml
server: port: 8080 servlet: context-path: / spring: servlet: multipart: enabled: false max-file-size: 1024MB datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/guac?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2b8 username: root password: 123456 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver mybatis-plus: mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml guacamole: ip: 192.168.110.2 port: 4822
从GuacamoleWebSocketTunnelEndpoint中继承类,重载createTunnel方法。
- @ServerEndpoint(value = "/webSocket", subprotocols = "guacamole")
- @Component
- public class WebSocketTunnel extends GuacamoleWebSocketTunnelEndpoint {
- private String uuid;
- private static IDeviceLoginInfoService deviceLoginInfoService;
- private static String guacIp;
- private static Integer guacPort;
- private GuacamoleTunnel guacamoleTunnel;
-
-
- // websocket中,自动注入及绑定配置项必须用这种方式
- @Autowired
- public void setDeviceListenerService(IDeviceLoginInfoService deviceListenerService) {
- WebSocketTunnel.deviceLoginInfoService = deviceListenerService;
- }
-
- @Value("${guacamole.ip}")
- public void setGuacIp(String guacIp) {
- WebSocketTunnel.guacIp = guacIp;
- }
-
- @Value("${guacamole.port}")
- public void setGuacPort(Integer guacPort) {
- WebSocketTunnel.guacPort = guacPort;
- }
-
- @Override
- protected GuacamoleTunnel createTunnel(Session session, EndpointConfig endpointConfig) throws GuacamoleException {
- //从session中获取传入参数
- Map<String, List<String>> map = session.getRequestParameterMap();
-
- DeviceLoginInfoVo loginInfo = null;
-
- String did = map.get("did").get(0);
- tid = map.get("tid").get(0);
- tid = tid.toLowerCase();
-
- // 根据传入参数从数据库中查找连接信息
- loginInfo = deviceLoginInfoService.getDeviceLoginInfo(did, tid);
- if(loginInfo != null) {
- loginInfo.setPort(opsPort);
- }
-
- if(loginInfo != null) {
- //String wid = (map.get("width")==null) ? "1413" : map.get("width").get(0);
- //String hei = (map.get("height")==null) ? "925" : map.get("height").get(0);
- String wid = "1412";
- String hei = "924";
-
- GuacamoleConfiguration configuration = new GuacamoleConfiguration();
-
- configuration.setParameter("hostname", loginInfo.getIp());
- configuration.setParameter("port", loginInfo.getPort().toString());
- configuration.setParameter("username", loginInfo.getUser());
- configuration.setParameter("password", loginInfo.getPassword());
-
- if(tid.equals("ssh")) {
- configuration.setProtocol("ssh"); // 远程连接协议
- configuration.setParameter("width", wid);
- configuration.setParameter("height", hei);
- configuration.setParameter("color-scheme", "white-black");
- //configuration.setParameter("terminal-type", "xterm-256color");
- //configuration.setParameter("locale", "zh_CN.UTF-8");
- configuration.setParameter("font-name", "Courier New");
- configuration.setParameter("enable-sftp", "true");
- }
- else if(tid.equals("vnc")){
- configuration.setProtocol("vnc"); // 远程连接协议
- configuration.setParameter("width", wid);
- configuration.setParameter("height", hei);
- }
- else if(tid.equals("rdp")) {
- configuration.setProtocol("rdp"); // 远程连接协议
- configuration.setParameter("ignore-cert", "true");
- if(loginInfo.getDomain() !=null) {
- configuration.setParameter("domain", loginInfo.getDomain());
- }
-
- configuration.setParameter("width", wid);
- configuration.setParameter("height", hei);
- }
-
- GuacamoleClientInformation information = new GuacamoleClientInformation();
- information.setOptimalScreenHeight(Integer.parseInt(hei));
- information.setOptimalScreenWidth(Integer.parseInt(wid));
-
- GuacamoleSocket socket = new ConfiguredGuacamoleSocket(
- new InetGuacamoleSocket(guacIp, guacPort),
- configuration, information
- );
-
- GuacamoleTunnel tunnel = new SimpleGuacamoleTunnel(socket);
-
- guacamoleTunnel = tunnel;
- return tunnel;
- }
-
- return null;
- }
- }
从GuacamoleHTTPTunnelServlet类继承,重载doConnect方法
- @WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/tunnel")
- public class HttpTunnelServlet extends GuacamoleHTTPTunnelServlet {
- @Resource
- IDeviceLoginInfoService deviceLoginInfoService;
-
- @Value("${guacamole.ip}")
- private String guacIp;
- @Value("${guacamole.port}")
- private Integer guacPort;
-
- @Override
- protected GuacamoleTunnel doConnect(HttpServletRequest request) throws GuacamoleException {
- //从HttpServletRequest获取请求参数
- String did = request.getParameter("did");
- String tid = request.getParameter("tid");
- tid = tid.toLowerCase();
-
- //根据参数从数据库中查找连接信息,主机ip、端口、用户名、密码等
- DeviceLoginInfoVo loginInfo = deviceLoginInfoService.getDeviceLoginInfo(did, tid);
-
- if(loginInfo != null) {
- GuacamoleConfiguration configuration = new GuacamoleConfiguration();
-
- configuration.setParameter("hostname", loginInfo.getIp());
- configuration.setParameter("port", loginInfo.getPort().toString());
- configuration.setParameter("username", loginInfo.getUser());
- configuration.setParameter("password", loginInfo.getPassword());
- if(tid.equals("ssh")) {
- configuration.setProtocol("ssh"); // 远程连接协议
- }
- else if(tid.equals("vnc")){
- configuration.setProtocol("vnc"); // 远程连接协议
- }
- else if(tid.equals("rdp")) {
- configuration.setProtocol("rdp"); // 远程连接协议
- configuration.setParameter("ignore-cert", "true");
- if(loginInfo.getDomain() != null) {
- configuration.setParameter("domain", loginInfo.getDomain());
- }
- configuration.setParameter("width", "1024");
- configuration.setParameter("height", "768");
- }
-
- GuacamoleSocket socket = new ConfiguredGuacamoleSocket(
- new InetGuacamoleSocket(guacIp, guacPort),
- configuration
- );
-
- GuacamoleTunnel tunnel = new SimpleGuacamoleTunnel(socket);
-
- return tunnel;
- }
-
- return null;
- }
- }
我用的是最基本的html+js
- <!DOCTYPE HTML>
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="guacamole.css"/>
- <title>guac</title>
- <style>
-
- </style>
- </head>
- <body>
- <div id="mainapp">
- <!-- Display -->
- <div id="display"></div>
- </div>
-
- <!-- Guacamole JavaScript API -->
- <script type="text/javascript" src="guacamole-common-js/all.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- function getUrlParam(name) {
- var reg = new RegExp("(^|&)" + name + "=([^&]*)(&|$)");
- var r = window.location.search.substr(1).match(reg);
- if(r != null) {
- return decodeURI(r[2]);
- }
-
- return null;
- }
-
- var user = getUrlParam('user');
- var devid = getUrlParam('did');
- var typeid= getUrlParam('tid');
- // var width = getUrlParam('width');
- // var height = getUrlParam('height');
-
- // Get display div from document
- var display = document.getElementById("display");
-
- var uuid;
- var tunnel = new Guacamole.ChainedTunnel(new Guacamole.WebSocketTunnel("webSocket"));
- var guac = new Guacamole.Client(tunnel);
-
- // Add client to display div
- display.appendChild(guac.getDisplay().getElement());
-
- tunnel.onuuid = function(id) {
- uuid = id;
- }
-
- // Connect
- guac.connect('did='+devid+'&tid='+typeid+'&user='+user);
-
- // Disconnect on close
- window.onunload = function() {
- guac.disconnect();
- }
-
- // Mouse
- var mouse = new Guacamole.Mouse(guac.getDisplay().getElement());
-
- mouse.onmousedown =
- mouse.onmousemove = function(mouseState) {
- guac.sendMouseState(mouseState);
- };
-
- mouse.onmouseup = function(mouseState) {
- vueapp.showfile = false;
- guac.sendMouseState(mouseState);
- };
-
- // Keyboard
- var keyboard = new Guacamole.Keyboard(document);
-
- keyboard.onkeydown = function (keysym) {
- guac.sendKeyEvent(1, keysym);
- };
-
- keyboard.onkeyup = function (keysym) {
- guac.sendKeyEvent(0, keysym);
- };
-
- function setWin() {
- let width = window.document.body.clientWidth;
- let height = window.document.body.clientHeight;
- guac.sendSize(1412, 924);
- scaleWin();
- }
-
- function handleMouseEvent(event) {
- // Do not attempt to handle mouse state changes if the client
- // or display are not yet available
- if(!guac || !guac.getDisplay())
- return;
-
- event.stopPropagation();
- event.preventDefault();
- // Send mouse state, show cursor if necessary
- guac.getDisplay().showCursor(true);
- };
-
- // Forward all mouse interaction over Guacamole connection
- mouse.onEach(['mousemove'], handleMouseEvent);
- // Hide software cursor when mouse leaves display
- mouse.on('mouseout', function hideCursor() {
- guac.getDisplay().showCursor(false);
- display.style.cursor = 'initial';
- });
-
- guac.getDisplay().getElement().addEventListener('mouseenter', function (e) {
- display.style.cursor = 'none';
- });
- </script>
- </body>
- </html>
将页面放在Springboot项目的resource下的static下,启动程序,通过地址
http://ip:8080?did=1&tid=ssh访问,可以打开远程桌面。
可以看出guacamole-common和guacamole-common-js已经做了很好的封装,对于SSH、VNC、RDP这几种远程方式,可以很简单的实现。
接下来,SFTP的实现较为复杂,需要对SFTP上传下载的流程及guacamole封装的协议有较好的了解,才能实现。另外对于录屏及录屏的播放,因为我们的项目中需要把guac和java后端分开两台服务器部署,所以也要有点工作要做。这两部分内容见下一篇博文。
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