思科CiscoRIP&OSPF重分布综合实验

实验涉及知识点：

vlan规划，单臂路由子接口，rip与ospf使用与重分布，默认路由注入、NAT

设备需求：

路由器*7

三层交换机*1

二层交换机*2

PC*4

实验拓扑图：

实验结果：

所有计算机可以与27.27.27.2通信，pc0可以与pc3通信

实验任务：

路由器配置：

R1、R2之间运行RIPv2协议

R3g0/1接口发布至ripv2，g0/0发布至ospf的区域0

R4、R5、R6之间运行ospf协议，其中R4，R5发布至区域0，R5的g0/0接口与R6发布至区域1

R3配置nat协议，所有内网ip转换为网段27.27.27.0/24

各路由器和三层交换机等设备配置回环地址，ip地址，vlan划分详情见下

路由器配置表

路由器回环地址配置

交换机配置

路由器配置部分：

路由器地址配置 

Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#interface g0/1
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#ip address 11.11.11.2 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#interface g0/0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.0
------------------
Router>
Router>enable
Router#conf t
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#interface g0/0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#ip address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#interface g0/1
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#ip address 23.23.23.1 255.255.255.0
------------------------
//剩余的ip地址部分以此类推
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#hostname R6
R6(config)#interface g0/0
R6(config-if)#no shutdown
R6(config-if)#ip address 56.56.56.2 255.255.255.0
R6(config-if)#interface g0/1.10
R6(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 10#封装子接口vlanid为10
R6(config-subif)#ip address 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0
R6(config-subif)#no shutdown
R6(config-subif)#int g0/1.20
R6(config-subif)#no shutdown
R6(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 20#封装子接口vlanid为20
R6(config-subif)#ip add 172.16.20.1 255.255.255.0
R6(config-subif)#int g0/1
R6(config-if)#no shutdown

路由器回环地址配置

R1(config)#interface loopback 0
R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
#回环地址的网络掩码为32位
.....
R7(config)#interface loopback 0
R7(config-if)#ip address 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255

路由器协议配置

#RIPv2配置部分
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#version 2
R1(config-router)#no auto
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary 
R1(config-router)#network 11.11.11.0
R1(config-router)#network 12.12.12.0
#---------------
R2(config)#router rip
R2(config-router)#version 2
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#network 12.12.12.0
R2(config-router)#network 23.23.23.0
#-------------------
R3(config)#router rip
R3(config-router)#version 2
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#network 23.23.23.0
#---------------------
#------------------
#OSPF配置部分
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#network 34.34.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
#------------------
R4(config)#router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#network 34.34.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R4(config-router)#network 45.45.45.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
#-------------------
R5(config)#router ospf 1
R5(config-router)#network 45.45.45.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R5(config-router)#network 56.56.56.0 0.0.0.255 area 1#注意发布区域
#--------------
R6(config)#router ospf 1	
R6(config-router)#network 56.56.56.0 0.0.0.255 area 1	
R6(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1

路由器协议配置检查

#此时R1路由表
R1#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route
 
Gateway of last resort is not set
 
     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
     11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       11.11.11.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L       11.11.11.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
     12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       12.12.12.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L       12.12.12.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
     23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       23.23.23.0/24 [120/1] via 12.12.12.2, 00:00:10, GigabitEthernet0/0

#此时R6路由表
R6#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route
 
Gateway of last resort is not set
 
     6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       6.6.6.6/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
     34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    34.34.34.0/24 [110/3] via 56.56.56.1, 00:03:09, GigabitEthernet0/0
#另一区域的路由
     45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    45.45.45.0/24 [110/2] via 56.56.56.1, 00:03:09, GigabitEthernet0/0
     56.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       56.56.56.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L       56.56.56.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
     172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
C       172.16.10.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.10
L       172.16.10.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.10
C       172.16.20.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.20
L       172.16.20.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.20

路由重分布配置

#RIPv2重分布
R3(config)#router rip
R3(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 2
#将R3上ospf 1 的路由条目重分布至rip中

配置完成后在R1执行“show ip route"将可以看到以下路由条目

     34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       34.34.34.0/24 [120/3] via 12.12.12.2, 00:00:08, GigabitEthernet0/0
     45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       45.45.45.0/24 [120/3] via 12.12.12.2, 00:00:08, GigabitEthernet0/0
     56.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       56.56.56.0/24 [120/3] via 12.12.12.2, 00:00:08, GigabitEthernet0/0
     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
R       172.16.10.0/24 [120/3] via 12.12.12.2, 00:00:08, GigabitEthernet0/0
R       172.16.20.0/24 [120/3] via 12.12.12.2, 00:00:08, GigabitEthernet0/0

rip重分布配置完成。

#OSPF重分布
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets 
R3(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 2

配置完成后在R6执行”show ip route"可以看到以下路由条目

O E2    11.11.11.0/24 [110/2] via 56.56.56.1, 00:00:10, GigabitEthernet0/0
     12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2    12.12.12.0/24 [110/2] via 56.56.56.1, 00:00:10, GigabitEthernet0/0
     23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2    23.23.23.0/24 [110/2] via 56.56.56.1, 00:00:10, GigabitEthernet0/0
     34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    34.34.34.0/24 [110/3] via 56.56.56.1, 00:07:57, GigabitEthernet0/0
     45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    45.45.45.0/24 [110/2] via 56.56.56.1, 00:07:57, GigabitEthernet0/0
#O E2表示重分布的路由
#O IA表示非本区域的路由

OSPF重分布配置完成

路由器默认路由注入

RIP默认路由注入

R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 27.27.27.2
#先写一个R3的默认路由
R3(config)#router rip
R3(config-router)#default-information originate 
#向使用RIP协议的路由器注入默认路由

配置完成后，可以在R1路由表发现以下条目

R*   0.0.0.0/0 [120/2] via 12.12.12.2, 00:00:19, GigabitEthernet0/0
#默认路由的概念是当路由器不知道转发给谁时就会按照默认路由转发给下一跳

OSPF默认路由注入

R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#default-information originate 

配置完成后可以在R6路由表发现以下条目

O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 56.56.56.1, 00:00:07, GigabitEthernet0/0

路由器NAT配置

R3(config)#access-list 10 permit any 
#所有主机都将被转换
R3(config)#ip nat pool pool_all 27.27.27.10 27.27.27.254 netmask 255.255.255.0
#创建转换池，pool_all是转换池的名称，转换范围是10-254（动态nat）
 
#---------------#
R3(config)#interface g0/2
R3(config-if)#ip nat outside
R3(config-if)#interface g0/1
R3(config-if)#ip nat inside
R3(config-if)#interface g0/0
R3(config-if)#ip nat inside
#g0/2外网接口，g0/0-1内网接口
#---------------#
 
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#ip nat inside source list 10 pool pool_all
#将acl表与转换池绑定

路由器部分配置完毕

交换机配置部分

Switch>enable
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)#hostname S0
S0(config)#vlan 10
S0(config-vlan)#vlan 20
S0(config-vlan)#exit
S0(config)#interface f0/2
S0(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
S0(config-if)#exit
S0(config)#interface f0/10
S0(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
S0(config-if)#interface f0/20
S0(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20

Switch>enable
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)#hostname S1
S1(config)#vlan 10
S1(config-vlan)#vlan 20
S1(config-vlan)#exit
S1(config)#interface loopback 0
S1(config-if)#ip address 101.1.1.1 255.255.255.255#配置回环地址
S1(config-if)#exit
S1(config)#interface vlan 10
S1(config-if)#no shutdown
S1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
S1(config-if)#interface vlan 20
S1(config-if)#no shutdown
S1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
S1(config-if)#exit
S1(config)#interface range f0/2
S1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q#封装协议
S1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
S1(config)#ip routing#打开三层功能
S1(config)#int f0/1
S1(config-if)#no switchport #成为三层路由接口
S1(config-if)#ip add 11.11.11.1 255.255.255.0
S1(config-if-range)#exit
S1(config)#router rip
S1(config-router)#version 2
S1(config-router)#no auto-summary
S1(config-router)#network 11.11.11.0
S1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
S1(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0

Switch>enable
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)#hostname S2
S2(config)#interface f0/1
S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
S2(config-if)#vlan 10
S2(config-vlan)#vlan 20
S2(config-vlan)#interface f0/2
S2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
S2(config-if)#int f0/3
S2(config-if)#switchport acces vlan 20

交换机配置完成

测试部分

测试之前，请确保pc机按照以下配置完成并检查接口

pc0tracert-》pc3

成功

ＮＡＴ测试

R3#show ip nat translations 
Pro  Inside global     Inside local       Outside local      Outside global
icmp 27.27.27.10:29    192.168.10.2:29    27.27.27.2:29      27.27.27.2:29
icmp 27.27.27.10:30    192.168.10.2:30    27.27.27.2:30      27.27.27.2:30
icmp 27.27.27.10:31    192.168.10.2:31    27.27.27.2:31      27.27.27.2:31
icmp 27.27.27.10:32    192.168.10.2:32    27.27.27.2:32      27.27.27.2:32
udp 27.27.27.11:1025   27.27.27.1:1025    255.255.255.255:53 255.255.255.255:53

NAT配置成功

目的达成，实验完毕