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目录
- # 241、pandas.Series.view方法
- pandas.Series.view(dtype=None)
- Create a new view of the Series.
-
- Deprecated since version 2.2.0: Series.view is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. Use Series.astype() as an alternative to change the dtype.
-
- This function will return a new Series with a view of the same underlying values in memory, optionally reinterpreted with a new data type. The new data type must preserve the same size in bytes as to not cause index misalignment.
-
- Parameters:
- dtype
- data type
- Data type object or one of their string representations.
-
- Returns:
- Series
- A new Series object as a view of the same data in memory.

241-2-1、dtype(可选,默认值为None):数据类型,可以是NumPy数据类型或pandas数据类型。如果未指定,返回相同dtype的视图。
用于创建Series的视图,并且可以通过指定不同的数据类型来查看同一数据在内存中的不同表示,这在数据转换和内存管理方面非常有用。
返回的视图是一个新的Series对象,但它与原始Series共享同一块内存,因此对视图所做的修改会直接影响原始Series。
此方法目前仍然能用,但后续将被pandas.Series.astype方法所替代。
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- # 241、pandas.Series.view方法
- # 241-1、创建一个视图并查看不同的数据类型表示
- import pandas as pd
- # 创建一个Series
- s = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4])
- # 以float64数据类型查看Series
- view_as_float = s.view(dtype='float64')
- print("Original Series:")
- print(s)
- print("Viewed as float64:")
- print(view_as_float, end='\n\n')
-
- # 241-2、修改视图中的数据,影响原始Series
- import pandas as pd
- # 创建一个Series
- s_original = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4])
- # 创建一个视图
- s_view = s_original.view()
- # 修改视图中的数据
- s_view[0] = 10
- print("Original Series after modification:")
- print(s_original)
- print("Modified view:")
- print(s_view)

- # 241、pandas.Series.view方法
- # 241-1、创建一个视图并查看不同的数据类型表示
- # Original Series:
- # 0 1
- # 1 2
- # 2 3
- # 3 4
- # dtype: int64
- # Viewed as float64:
- # 0 4.940656e-324
- # 1 9.881313e-324
- # 2 1.482197e-323
- # 3 1.976263e-323
- # dtype: float64
-
- # 241-2、修改视图中的数据,影响原始Series
- # Original Series after modification:
- # 0 10
- # 1 2
- # 2 3
- # 3 4
- # dtype: int64
- # Modified view:
- # 0 10
- # 1 2
- # 2 3
- # 3 4
- # dtype: int64

- # 242、pandas.Series.compare方法
- pandas.Series.compare(other, align_axis=1, keep_shape=False, keep_equal=False, result_names=('self', 'other'))
- Compare to another Series and show the differences.
-
- Parameters:
- otherSeries
- Object to compare with.
-
- align_axis{0 or ‘index’, 1 or ‘columns’}, default 1
- Determine which axis to align the comparison on.
-
- 0, or ‘index’Resulting differences are stacked vertically
- with rows drawn alternately from self and other.
-
- 1, or ‘columns’Resulting differences are aligned horizontally
- with columns drawn alternately from self and other.
-
- keep_shapebool, default False
- If true, all rows and columns are kept. Otherwise, only the ones with different values are kept.
-
- keep_equalbool, default False
- If true, the result keeps values that are equal. Otherwise, equal values are shown as NaNs.
-
- result_namestuple, default (‘self’, ‘other’)
- Set the dataframes names in the comparison.
-
- New in version 1.5.0.
-
- Returns:
- Series or DataFrame
- If axis is 0 or ‘index’ the result will be a Series. The resulting index will be a MultiIndex with ‘self’ and ‘other’ stacked alternately at the inner level.
-
- If axis is 1 or ‘columns’ the result will be a DataFrame. It will have two columns namely ‘self’ and ‘other’.

242-2-1、other(必须):表示另一个与当前Series进行比较的Series。
242-2-2、align_axis(可选,默认值为1):表示对齐轴,可选0或1:1表示列对齐,0表示行对齐。
242-2-3、keep_shape(可选,默认值为False):是否保留原始的Series形状,如果为True,则保留NaN值。
242-2-4、keep_equal(可选,默认值为False):是否在结果中保留相等的元素,如果为True,相等的元素也会显示在结果中。
242-2-5、result_names(可选,默认值为('self', 'other')):表示结果中显示的列名。
用于对比两个Series对象,找出不同之处。
返回一个DataFrame,其中包含两个Series对比后的差异部分。
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- # 242、pandas.Series.compare方法
- import pandas as pd
- # 创建两个Series
- s1 = pd.Series([5, 11, 10, 8])
- s2 = pd.Series([3, 6, 10, 24])
- # 对比两个Series
- result = s1.compare(s2)
- print("Comparison result:")
- print(result, end='\n\n')
- # 242、pandas.Series.compare方法
- # Comparison result:
- # self other
- # 0 5.0 3.0
- # 1 11.0 6.0
- # 3 8.0 24.0
- # 243、pandas.Series.update方法
- pandas.Series.update(other)
- Modify Series in place using values from passed Series.
-
- Uses non-NA values from passed Series to make updates. Aligns on index.
-
- Parameters:
- other
- Series, or object coercible into Series
243-2-1、other(必须):表示另一个Series或DataFrame,用于更新当前Series的值,如果other是DataFrame,必须和当前Series具有相同的索引。
用于使用另一个Series的值来更新当前Series的值,它直接修改原Series,并且不返回新的对象。
没有返回值,它是一个inplace操作,这意味着它会直接修改调用该方法的Series对象,而不是返回一个新的Series。
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- # 243、pandas.Series.update方法
- # 243-1、基本更新
- import pandas as pd
- # 创建两个Series
- s1 = pd.Series({'a': 3, 'b': 6, 'c': 10, 'd': 24})
- s2 = pd.Series({'b': 5, 'd': 11, 'e': 10, 'f': 8})
- # 使用s2更新s1
- s1.update(s2)
- print("Updated Series:")
- print(s1, end='\n\n')
-
- # 243-2、带有NaN值的更新
- import pandas as pd
- # 创建两个Series,其中包含NaN值
- s3 = pd.Series({'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4, 'e': None})
- s4 = pd.Series({'b': 20, 'd': None, 'e': 50})
- # 使用s4更新s3
- s3.update(s4)
- print("Updated Series with NaN values:")
- print(s3)

- # 243、pandas.Series.update方法
- # 243-1、基本更新
- import pandas as pd
- # 创建两个Series
- s1 = pd.Series({'a': 3, 'b': 6, 'c': 10, 'd': 24})
- s2 = pd.Series({'b': 5, 'd': 11, 'e': 10, 'f': 8})
- # 使用s2更新s1
- s1.update(s2)
- print("Updated Series:")
- print(s1, end='\n\n')
-
- # 243-2、带有NaN值的更新
- import pandas as pd
- # 创建两个Series,其中包含NaN值
- s3 = pd.Series({'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4, 'e': None})
- s4 = pd.Series({'b': 20, 'd': None, 'e': 50})
- # 使用s4更新s3
- s3.update(s4)
- print("Updated Series with NaN values:")
- print(s3)

- # 244、pandas.Series.asfreq方法
- pandas.Series.asfreq(freq, method=None, how=None, normalize=False, fill_value=None)
- Convert time series to specified frequency.
-
- Returns the original data conformed to a new index with the specified frequency.
-
- If the index of this Series/DataFrame is a PeriodIndex, the new index is the result of transforming the original index with PeriodIndex.asfreq (so the original index will map one-to-one to the new index).
-
- Otherwise, the new index will be equivalent to pd.date_range(start, end, freq=freq) where start and end are, respectively, the first and last entries in the original index (see pandas.date_range()). The values corresponding to any timesteps in the new index which were not present in the original index will be null (NaN), unless a method for filling such unknowns is provided (see the method parameter below).
-
- The resample() method is more appropriate if an operation on each group of timesteps (such as an aggregate) is necessary to represent the data at the new frequency.
-
- Parameters:
- freq
- DateOffset or str
- Frequency DateOffset or string.
-
- method
- {‘backfill’/’bfill’, ‘pad’/’ffill’}, default None
- Method to use for filling holes in reindexed Series (note this does not fill NaNs that already were present):
-
- ‘pad’ / ‘ffill’: propagate last valid observation forward to next valid
-
- ‘backfill’ / ‘bfill’: use NEXT valid observation to fill.
-
- how
- {‘start’, ‘end’}, default end
- For PeriodIndex only (see PeriodIndex.asfreq).
-
- normalize
- bool, default False
- Whether to reset output index to midnight.
-
- fill_value
- scalar, optional
- Value to use for missing values, applied during upsampling (note this does not fill NaNs that already were present).
-
- Returns:
- Series/DataFrame
- Series/DataFrame object reindexed to the specified frequency.

244-2-1、freq(必须):字符串或DataOffset对象,表示指定目标频率,常见的频率字符串包括:
244-2-2、method(可选,默认值为None):字符串('pad','ffill','backfill','bfill')或None,
指定当重新采样时如何填充缺失的值。
244-2-3、how(可选,默认值为None):字符串,在较新的版本中已经被移除,可以忽略此参数。
244-2-4、normalize(可选,默认值为False):布尔值,如果为True
,则将时间戳规范化到午夜时间。
244-2-5、fill_value(可选,默认值为None):标量值,指定用于填充缺失值的标量值。
用于将时间序列重新采样为指定的频率,可能会填充或不填充缺失值,具体取决于method和fill_value参数。
返回一个新的Series,其索引为指定频率的时间戳,数据根据指定的填充方法处理。
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- # 244、pandas.Series.asfreq方法
- import pandas as pd
- # 创建一个时间序列
- rng = pd.date_range('2024-01-01', periods=6, freq='2D')
- ts = pd.Series(range(6), index=rng)
- # 将时间序列转换为每日频率,使用前向填充方法
- ts_daily_ffill = ts.asfreq('D', method='ffill')
- # 将时间序列转换为每日频率,不填充缺失值
- ts_daily_no_fill = ts.asfreq('D')
- # 将时间序列转换为每日频率,填充缺失值为0
- ts_daily_fill_value = ts.asfreq('D', fill_value=0)
- print("原始时间序列:")
- print(ts)
- print("\n转换为每日频率,使用前向填充方法:")
- print(ts_daily_ffill)
- print("\n转换为每日频率,不填充缺失值:")
- print(ts_daily_no_fill)
- print("\n转换为每日频率,填充缺失值为0:")
- print(ts_daily_fill_value)

- # 244、pandas.Series.asfreq方法
- # 原始时间序列:
- # 2024-01-01 0
- # 2024-01-03 1
- # 2024-01-05 2
- # 2024-01-07 3
- # 2024-01-09 4
- # 2024-01-11 5
- # Freq: 2D, dtype: int64
- #
- # 转换为每日频率,使用前向填充方法:
- # 2024-01-01 0
- # 2024-01-02 0
- # 2024-01-03 1
- # 2024-01-04 1
- # 2024-01-05 2
- # 2024-01-06 2
- # 2024-01-07 3
- # 2024-01-08 3
- # 2024-01-09 4
- # 2024-01-10 4
- # 2024-01-11 5
- # Freq: D, dtype: int64
- #
- # 转换为每日频率,不填充缺失值:
- # 2024-01-01 0.0
- # 2024-01-02 NaN
- # 2024-01-03 1.0
- # 2024-01-04 NaN
- # 2024-01-05 2.0
- # 2024-01-06 NaN
- # 2024-01-07 3.0
- # 2024-01-08 NaN
- # 2024-01-09 4.0
- # 2024-01-10 NaN
- # 2024-01-11 5.0
- # Freq: D, dtype: float64
- #
- # 转换为每日频率,填充缺失值为0:
- # 2024-01-01 0
- # 2024-01-02 0
- # 2024-01-03 1
- # 2024-01-04 0
- # 2024-01-05 2
- # 2024-01-06 0
- # 2024-01-07 3
- # 2024-01-08 0
- # 2024-01-09 4
- # 2024-01-10 0
- # 2024-01-11 5
- # Freq: D, dtype: int64

- # 245、pandas.Series.asof方法
- pandas.Series.asof(where, subset=None)
- Return the last row(s) without any NaNs before where.
-
- The last row (for each element in where, if list) without any NaN is taken. In case of a DataFrame, the last row without NaN considering only the subset of columns (if not None)
-
- If there is no good value, NaN is returned for a Series or a Series of NaN values for a DataFrame
-
- Parameters:
- wheredate or array-like of dates
- Date(s) before which the last row(s) are returned.
-
- subsetstr or array-like of str, default None
- For DataFrame, if not None, only use these columns to check for NaNs.
-
- Returns:
- scalar, Series, or DataFrame
- The return can be:
-
- scalar : when self is a Series and where is a scalar
-
- Series: when self is a Series and where is an array-like, or when self is a DataFrame and where is a scalar
-
- DataFrame : when self is a DataFrame and where is an array-like

245-2-1、where(必须):单个索引值或索引值的列表,指定要查找的索引位置,如果是单个索引值,则返回该位置之前的最新有效值;如果是索引值的列表,则对每个索引值执行查找操作。
245-2-2、subset(可选,默认值为None):列名或列名的列表(仅用于DataFrame),指定在DataFrame中应用查找操作的列,如果未指定,则默认使用所有列。
用于返回给定索引位置之前(或恰好在该位置)的最新有效值,它在处理时间序列数据时特别有用。
返回给定索引位置之前的最新有效值,对于单个索引值,返回一个标量值;对于索引值的列表,返回一个包含查找结果的Series
。
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- # 245、pandas.Series.asof方法
- import pandas as pd
- import numpy as np
- # 创建一个包含缺失值的时间序列
- dates = pd.date_range('2024-01-01', periods=10, freq='D')
- values = [np.nan, 1.2, np.nan, 3.4, np.nan, np.nan, 7.8, np.nan, 9.0, np.nan]
- ts = pd.Series(values, index=dates)
- # 使用asof方法找到指定日期之前的最新有效值
- print(ts.asof('2024-01-05'))
- # 使用asof方法填充缺失值
- filled_ts = ts.copy()
- filled_ts = filled_ts.fillna(method='ffill')
- print(filled_ts)
- # 245、pandas.Series.asof方法
- # 3.4
- # 2024-01-01 NaN
- # 2024-01-02 1.2
- # 2024-01-03 1.2
- # 2024-01-04 3.4
- # 2024-01-05 3.4
- # 2024-01-06 3.4
- # 2024-01-07 7.8
- # 2024-01-08 7.8
- # 2024-01-09 9.0
- # 2024-01-10 9.0
- # Freq: D, dtype: float64
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