2024年网络安全最新k8s学习-k8s资源对象与yaml结构_容器服务yaml配置 status(2)，2024年最新网络安全开发学习视频

网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

需要这份系统化资料的朋友，可以点击这里获取

一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！

 requested by the user, and is not directly settable by a client. The
 resource is expected to be deleted (no longer visible from resource lists,
 and not reachable by name) after the time in this field, once the
 finalizers list is empty. As long as the finalizers list contains items,
 deletion is blocked. Once the deletionTimestamp is set, this value may not
 be unset or be set further into the future, although it may be shortened or
 the resource may be deleted prior to this time. For example, a user may
 request that a pod is deleted in 30 seconds. The Kubelet will react by
 sending a graceful termination signal to the containers in the pod. After
 that 30 seconds, the Kubelet will send a hard termination signal (SIGKILL)
 to the container and after cleanup, remove the pod from the API. In the
 presence of network partitions, this object may still exist after this
 timestamp, until an administrator or automated process can determine the
 resource is fully terminated. If not set, graceful deletion of the object
 has not been requested. Populated by the system when a graceful deletion is
 requested. Read-only. More info:
 https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadata
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finalizers <[]string>
Must be empty before the object is deleted from the registry. Each entry is
an identifier for the responsible component that will remove the entry from
the list. If the deletionTimestamp of the object is non-nil, entries in
this list can only be removed. Finalizers may be processed and removed in
any order. Order is NOT enforced because it introduces significant risk of
stuck finalizers. finalizers is a shared field, any actor with permission
can reorder it. If the finalizer list is processed in order, then this can
lead to a situation in which the component responsible for the first
finalizer in the list is waiting for a signal (field value, external
system, or other) produced by a component responsible for a finalizer later
in the list, resulting in a deadlock. Without enforced ordering finalizers
are free to order amongst themselves and are not vulnerable to ordering
changes in the list.

generateName
GenerateName is an optional prefix, used by the server, to generate a
unique name ONLY IF the Name field has not been provided. If this field is
used, the name returned to the client will be different than the name
passed. This value will also be combined with a unique suffix. The provided
value has the same validation rules as the Name field, and may be truncated
by the length of the suffix required to make the value unique on the
server. If this field is specified and the generated name exists, the
server will NOT return a 409 - instead, it will either return 201 Created
or 500 with Reason ServerTimeout indicating a unique name could not be
found in the time allotted, and the client should retry (optionally after
the time indicated in the Retry-After header). Applied only if Name is not
specified. More info:
https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#idempotency

generation
A sequence number representing a specific generation of the desired state.
Populated by the system. Read-only.

labels <map[string]string>
Map of string keys and values that can be used to organize and categorize
(scope and select) objects. May match selectors of replication controllers
and services. More info: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/labels

managedFields <[]Object>
ManagedFields maps workflow-id and version to the set of fields that are
managed by that workflow. This is mostly for internal housekeeping, and
users typically shouldn’t need to set or understand this field. A workflow
can be the user’s name, a controller’s name, or the name of a specific
apply path like “ci-cd”. The set of fields is always in the version that
the workflow used when modifying the object.

name
Name must be unique within a namespace. Is required when creating
resources, although some resources may allow a client to request the
generation of an appropriate name automatically. Name is primarily intended
for creation idempotence and configuration definition. Cannot be updated.
More info: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/identifiers#names

namespace
Namespace defines the space within each name must be unique. An empty
namespace is equivalent to the “default” namespace, but “default” is the
canonical representation. Not all objects are required to be scoped to a
namespace - the value of this field for those objects will be empty. Must
be a DNS_LABEL. Cannot be updated. More info:
http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/namespaces

ownerReferences <[]Object>
List of objects depended by this object. If ALL objects in the list have
been deleted, this object will be garbage collected. If this object is
managed by a controller, then an entry in this list will point to this
controller, with the controller field set to true. There cannot be more
than one managing controller.

resourceVersion
An opaque value that represents the internal version of this object that
can be used by clients to determine when objects have changed. May be used
for optimistic concurrency, change detection, and the watch operation on a
resource or set of resources. Clients must treat these values as opaque and
passed unmodified back to the server. They may only be valid for a
particular resource or set of resources. Populated by the system.
Read-only. Value must be treated as opaque by clients and . More info:
https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#concurrency-control-and-consistency

selfLink
SelfLink is a URL representing this object. Populated by the system.
Read-only. DEPRECATED Kubernetes will stop propagating this field in 1.20
release and the field is planned to be removed in 1.21 release.

uid
UID is the unique in time and space value for this object. It is typically
generated by the server on successful creation of a resource and is not
allowed to change on PUT operations. Populated by the system. Read-only.
More info: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/identifiers#uids

常用的有以下几个：


* annotaions：注解。
* clusterName：集群名称。
* labels：标签。
* name：名称（namespace中唯一）。
* namespace：命名空间（大部分情况下使用kubectl中的-n指定，不写到yaml中）。
* ownerReferences：依赖于这个对象的其他对象。
* uid：唯一字符串。


这里再介绍下常用的label、annotations。


#### labels


**标签（Labels）** 是附加到 Kubernetes 对象（比如 Pods）上的键值对。 标签旨在用于指定对用户有意义且相关的对象的标识属性，但不直接对核心系统有语义含义。 标签可以用于组织和选择对象的子集。标签可以在创建时附加到对象，随后可以随时添加和修改。 每个对象都可以定义一组键/值标签。每个键对于给定对象必须是唯一的。


可以使用-l进行筛选：  
 **命令**



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kubectl get po -n killer -l app=nginx

**截图**  
 ![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/4c3d600dc42f4886a47c0dd1d185be1a.png)


#### annotations


你可以使用 Kubernetes 注解（Annotations）为对象附加任意的**非标识的元数据**。客户端程序（例如工具和库）能够获取这些元数据信息。  
 特点如下：


* 一般比label大
* 可以包含特殊字符
* 可以结构化也可以非结构化


### 帮助


如果yaml中的某个关键字不懂，可以使用explain命令进行详细解释。  
 **命令**



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kubectl explain pods.spec.containers

**结果**  
 ![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/76b7e8009c1b45f9a7face9201481c40.png)  
 **containers全部内容**



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KIND: Pod
VERSION: v1
RESOURCE: containers <[]Object>

DESCRIPTION:
List of containers belonging to the pod. Containers cannot currently be
added or removed. There must be at least one container in a Pod. Cannot be
updated.

 A single application container that you want to run within a pod.
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FIELDS:
args <[]string>
Arguments to the entrypoint. The docker image’s CMD is used if this is not
provided. Variable references $(VAR_NAME) are expanded using the
container’s environment. If a variable cannot be resolved, the reference in
the input string will be unchanged. The $(VAR_NAME) syntax can be escaped
with a double $$,ie:$$(VAR_NAME). Escaped references will never be
expanded, regardless of whether the variable exists or not. Cannot be
updated. More info:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-command-argument-container/#running-a-command-in-a-shell

command <[]string>
Entrypoint array. Not executed within a shell. The docker image’s
ENTRYPOINT is used if this is not provided. Variable references $(VAR_NAME)
are expanded using the container’s environment. If a variable cannot be
resolved, the reference in the input string will be unchanged. The
$(VAR_NAME) syntax can be escaped with a double $$,ie:$$(VAR_NAME).
Escaped references will never be expanded, regardless of whether the
variable exists or not. Cannot be updated. More info:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-command-argument-container/#running-a-command-in-a-shell

env <[]Object>
List of environment variables to set in the container. Cannot be updated.

envFrom <[]Object>
List of sources to populate environment variables in the container. The
keys defined within a source must be a C_IDENTIFIER. All invalid keys will
be reported as an event when the container is starting. When a key exists
in multiple sources, the value associated with the last source will take
precedence. Values defined by an Env with a duplicate key will take
precedence. Cannot be updated.

image
Docker image name. More info:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/images This field is
optional to allow higher level config management to default or override
container images in workload controllers like Deployments and StatefulSets.

imagePullPolicy
Image pull policy. One of Always, Never, IfNotPresent. Defaults to Always
if :latest tag is specified, or IfNotPresent otherwise. Cannot be updated.
More info:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/images#updating-images

lifecycle
Actions that the management system should take in response to container
lifecycle events. Cannot be updated.

livenessProbe
Periodic probe of container liveness. Container will be restarted if the
probe fails. Cannot be updated. More info:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle#container-probes

name -required-
Name of the container specified as a DNS_LABEL. Each container in a pod
must have a unique name (DNS_LABEL). Cannot be updated.

ports <[]Object>
List of ports to expose from the container. Exposing a port here gives the
system additional information about the network connections a container
uses, but is primarily informational. Not specifying a port here DOES NOT
prevent that port from being exposed. Any port which is listening on the
default “0.0.0.0” address inside a container will be accessible from the
network. Cannot be updated.

readinessProbe
Periodic probe of container service readiness. Container will be removed
from service endpoints if the probe fails. Cannot be updated. More info:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle#container-probes

resources
Compute Resources required by this container. Cannot be updated. More info:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-compute-resources-container/

securityContext
Security options the pod should run with. More info:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/policy/security-context/ More info:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/security-context/

startupProbe
StartupProbe indicates that the Pod has successfully initialized. If
specified, no other probes are executed until this completes successfully.
If this probe fails, the Pod will be restarted, just as if the
livenessProbe failed. This can be used to provide different probe
parameters at the beginning of a Pod’s lifecycle, when it might take a long
time to load data or warm a cache, than during steady-state operation. This
cannot be updated. This is an alpha feature enabled by the StartupProbe
feature flag. More info:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle#container-probes

stdin
Whether this container should allocate a buffer for stdin in the container
runtime. If this is not set, reads from stdin in the container will always
result in EOF. Default is false.

stdinOnce
Whether the container runtime should close the stdin channel after it has
been opened by a single attach. When stdin is true the stdin stream will
remain open across multiple attach sessions. If stdinOnce is set to true,
stdin is opened on container start, is empty until the first client
attaches to stdin, and then remains open and accepts data until the client
disconnects, at which time stdin is closed and remains closed until the
container is restarted. If this flag is false, a container processes that
reads from stdin will never receive an EOF. Default is false

terminationMessagePath
Optional: Path at which the file to which the container’s termination
message will be written is mounted into the container’s filesystem. Message
written is intended to be brief final status, such as an assertion failure
message. Will be truncated by the node if greater than 4096 bytes. The
total message length across all containers will be limited to 12kb.
Defaults to /dev/termination-log. Cannot be updated.

terminationMessagePolicy
Indicate how the termination message should be populated. File will use the
contents of terminationMessagePath to populate the container status message
on both success and failure. FallbackToLogsOnError will use the last chunk
of container log output if the termination message file is empty and the
container exited with an error. The log output is limited to 2048 bytes or
80 lines, whichever is smaller. Defaults to File. Cannot be updated.

tty
Whether this container should allocate a TTY for itself, also requires
‘stdin’ to be true. Default is false.

volumeDevices <[]Object>
volumeDevices is the list of block devices to be used by the container.
This is a beta feature.

volumeMounts <[]Object>
Pod volumes to mount into the container’s filesystem. Cannot be updated.

workingDir
Container’s working directory. If not specified, the container runtime’s
default will be used, which might be configured in the container image.
Cannot be updated.

可以看到对前面的yaml中的image、name、ports等做了详细解释。读者可以试试



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kubectl explain pods.spec.dnsPolicy

等命令的帮助。


更多k8s相关内容，请看文章：[k8s学习-思维导图与学习笔记](https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/618540462)



### 如何自学黑客&网络安全


#### 黑客零基础入门学习路线&规划


**初级黑客**  
 **1、网络安全理论知识（2天）**  
 ①了解行业相关背景，前景，确定发展方向。  
 ②学习网络安全相关法律法规。  
 ③网络安全运营的概念。  
 ④等保简介、等保规定、流程和规范。（非常重要）


**2、渗透测试基础（一周）**  
 ①渗透测试的流程、分类、标准  
 ②信息收集技术：主动/被动信息搜集、Nmap工具、Google Hacking  
 ③漏洞扫描、漏洞利用、原理，利用方法、工具（MSF）、绕过IDS和反病毒侦察  
 ④主机攻防演练：MS17-010、MS08-067、MS10-046、MS12-20等


**3、操作系统基础（一周）**  
 ①Windows系统常见功能和命令  
 ②Kali Linux系统常见功能和命令  
 ③操作系统安全（系统入侵排查/系统加固基础）


**4、计算机网络基础（一周）**  
 ①计算机网络基础、协议和架构  
 ②网络通信原理、OSI模型、数据转发流程  
 ③常见协议解析（HTTP、TCP/IP、ARP等）  
 ④网络攻击技术与网络安全防御技术  
 ⑤Web漏洞原理与防御：主动/被动攻击、DDOS攻击、CVE漏洞复现


**5、数据库基础操作（2天）**  
 ①数据库基础  
 ②SQL语言基础  
 ③数据库安全加固


**6、Web渗透（1周）**  
 ①HTML、CSS和JavaScript简介  
 ②OWASP Top10  
 ③Web漏洞扫描工具  
 ④Web渗透工具：Nmap、BurpSuite、SQLMap、其他（菜刀、漏扫等）  
 恭喜你，如果学到这里，你基本可以从事一份网络安全相关的工作，比如渗透测试、Web 渗透、安全服务、安全分析等岗位；如果等保模块学的好，还可以从事等保工程师。薪资区间6k-15k


到此为止，大概1个月的时间。你已经成为了一名“脚本小子”。那么你还想往下探索吗？


如果你想要入坑黑客&网络安全，笔者给大家准备了一份：282G全网最全的网络安全资料包评论区留言即可领取！


**7、脚本编程（初级/中级/高级）**  
 在网络安全领域。是否具备编程能力是“脚本小子”和真正黑客的本质区别。在实际的渗透测试过程中，面对复杂多变的网络环境，当常用工具不能满足实际需求的时候，往往需要对现有工具进行扩展，或者编写符合我们要求的工具、自动化脚本，这个时候就需要具备一定的编程能力。在分秒必争的CTF竞赛中，想要高效地使用自制的脚本工具来实现各种目的，更是需要拥有编程能力.


如果你零基础入门，笔者建议选择脚本语言Python/PHP/Go/Java中的一种，对常用库进行编程学习；搭建开发环境和选择IDE,PHP环境推荐Wamp和XAMPP， IDE强烈推荐Sublime；·Python编程学习，学习内容包含：语法、正则、文件、 网络、多线程等常用库，推荐《Python核心编程》，不要看完；·用Python编写漏洞的exp,然后写一个简单的网络爬虫；·PHP基本语法学习并书写一个简单的博客系统；熟悉MVC架构，并试着学习一个PHP框架或者Python框架 (可选)；·了解Bootstrap的布局或者CSS。

**8、超级黑客**  
 这部分内容对零基础的同学来说还比较遥远，就不展开细说了，附上学习路线。  
 ![img](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/3fd39c2ba8ec22649979f245f4221608.webp?x-oss-process=image/format,png)


#### 网络安全工程师企业级学习路线


![img](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/931ac5ac21a22d230645ccf767358997.webp?x-oss-process=image/format,png)  
 如图片过大被平台压缩导致看不清的话，评论区点赞和评论区留言获取吧。我都会回复的


视频配套资料&国内外网安书籍、文档&工具


当然除了有配套的视频，同时也为大家整理了各种文档和书籍资料&工具，并且已经帮大家分好类了。

![img](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/153b2778a3fe5198265bed9635d63469.webp?x-oss-process=image/format,png)  
 一些笔者自己买的、其他平台白嫖不到的视频教程。  
 ![img](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/32eb4b22aa740233c5198d3c161b37e8.webp?x-oss-process=image/format,png)



**网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。**

**[需要这份系统化资料的朋友，可以点击这里获取](https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/618540462)**

**一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！**

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