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Python
可执行文件(.exe)反编译为 Python
脚本是一项有趣的技术挑战,可以帮助我们理解程序的工作原理,以及可能包含的逻辑和算法。虽然反编译不是一项简单的任务,并且对于使用各种保护措施的程序可能无效,但对于一般情况下的 Python
可执行文件,我们可以尝试使用一些工具来进行反编译。Python
可执行文件(.exe)反编译为 Python
脚本。Python 3.9
Python
中,由于其解释性质,通常没有像编译语言那样生成的二进制文件,但是我们可以将 Python
脚本转换为字节码文件(.pyc),而 .exe 文件通常是由 pyinstaller、cx_Freeze
等工具编译生成的。Python
可执行文件(.exe)反编译Python
可执行文件(.exe)反编译为 Python
脚本主要分为两个步骤,(1)从 .exe 文件中提取 pyc 文件 (2)将 pyc 文件转换为 Python
脚本。# student.py
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, age, gender):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.gender = gender
def get_name(self):
return self.name
def get_age(self):
return self.age
def get_gender(self):
return self.gender
def set_name(self, name):
self.name = name
def set_age(self, age):
self.age = age
def set_gender(self, gender):
self.gender = gender
def display_info(self):
print("Name:", self.name)
print("Age:", self.age)
print("Gender:", self.gender)
# main.py
import time
from student import Student
if __name__ == "__main__":
# Create a student object
student1 = Student("Alice", 20, "Female")
# Display student information
student1.display_info()
# Update student information
student1.set_age(21)
student1.display_info()
time.sleep(10)
# 使用 pyinstaller 构建可执行 .exe
pyinstaller --onefile -p venv/Lib/site-packages .\print-student\main.py
pyi-archive_viewer
是 PyInstaller
自己提供的工具,它可以直接提取打包结果exe中的pyc文件。# 使用 pyi-archive_viewer 查看文件并提取
> pyi-archive_viewer .\main.exe
Options in 'main.exe' (PKG/CArchive):
pyi-contents-directory _internal
Contents of 'main.exe' (PKG/CArchive):
position, length, uncompressed_length, is_compressed, typecode, name
0, 199, 269, 1, 'm', 'struct'
199, 2008, 3700, 1, 'm', 'pyimod01_archive'
2207, 7671, 17413, 1, 'm', 'pyimod02_importers'
9878, 1760, 4029, 1, 'm', 'pyimod03_ctypes'
11638, 644, 1074, 1, 'm', 'pyimod04_pywin32'
12282, 603, 851, 1, 's', 'pyiboot01_bootstrap'
12885, 229, 295, 1, 's', 'main'
......
4721057, 408332, 1123832, 1, 'b', 'unicodedata.pyd'
5129389, 702999, 702999, 0, 'z', 'PYZ-00.pyz'
?
U: go up one level
O <name>: open embedded archive with given name // 打开包查看文件
X <name>: extract file with given name // 提取文件
S: list the contents of current archive again
Q: quit
? x main
Output filename? main.pyc
? o PYZ-00.pyz
Contents of 'PYZ-00.pyz' (PYZ):
is_package, position, length, name
0, 17, 2647, '_compat_pickle'
......
0, 543553, 531, 'student'
0, 544084, 19733, 'subprocess'
0, 563817, 27425, 'tarfile'
0, 591242, 5936, 'textwrap'
0, 597178, 15612, 'threading'
0, 612790, 1398, 'token'
0, 614188, 8969, 'tokenize'
0, 623157, 6659, 'tracemalloc'
0, 629816, 27711, 'typing'
1, 657527, 70, 'urllib'
0, 657597, 13861, 'urllib.parse'
0, 671458, 2188, 'uu'
0, 673646, 26812, 'zipfile'
? x student
Output filename? student.pyc
? ls
U: go up one level
O <name>: open embedded archive with given name
X <name>: extract file with given name
S: list the contents of current archive again
Q: quit
? q
pyi-archive_viewer
提取了 main.pyc、和 student.pyc
文件,当时大家可以很清楚的看到弊端,即需要一个一个手动提取,对于大项目这是十分麻烦的,推荐使用下面的工具提取。Python-exe-unpacker
中的脚本 pyinstxtractor.py
脚本进行提取,地址:https://github.com/countercept/Python-exe-unpacker\print-student> Python pyinstxtractor.py .\main.exe
DeprecationWarning: the imp module is deprecated in favour of importlib; see the module's documentation for alternative uses
import imp
[*] Processing .\main.exe
[*] Pyinstaller version: 2.1+
[*] Python version: 309
[*] Length of package: 5835756 bytes
[*] Found 59 files in CArchive
[*] Beginning extraction...please standby
[*] Found 81 files in PYZ archive
[*] Successfully extracted pyinstaller archive: .\main.exe
You can now use a python decompiler on the pyc files within the extracted directory
.pyc
文件转换为 Python
脚本pyinstaller
提取出来的 pyc
文件并不能直接反编译,入口运行类共16字节的 magic 和 时间戳被去掉了。如果直接进行反编译,例如执行 uncompyle6 main.pyc
,则会报出如下错误:ImportError: Unknown magic number 227 in main.pyc
UltraEdit32
UltraEdit32
向提取的文件添加回信息。python
脚本实现这个过程:// 读取从pyz目录抽取的pyc文件的前4个字节作基准
pyz_dir = "./main.exe_extracted/PYZ-00.pyz_extracted"
for pyc_file in os.listdir(pyz_dir):
if pyc_file.endswith(".pyc"):
file = f"{pyz_dir}/{pyc_file}"
break
with open(file, "rb") as f:
head = f.read(4)
// 补全入口类文件
if os.path.exists("pycfile_tmp"):
shutil.rmtree("pycfile_tmp")
os.mkdir("pycfile_tmp")
main_file_result = "pycfile_tmp/main.pyc"
with open("./main.exe_extracted/main.pyc", "rb") as read, open(main_file_result, "wb") as write:
write.write(head)
write.write(b"\0" * 12)
write.write(read.read())
# 补全非入口类文件
pyz_dir = "main.exe_extracted/PYZ-00.pyz_extracted"
for pyc_file in os.listdir(pyz_dir):
pyc_file_src = f"{pyz_dir}/{pyc_file}"
pyc_file_dest = f"pycfile_tmp/{pyc_file}"
print(pyc_file_src, pyc_file_dest)
with open(pyc_file_src, "rb") as read, open(pyc_file_dest, "wb") as write:
write.write(read.read(12))
write.write(b"\0"*4)
write.write(read.read())
pyc
文件pip install uncompyle6
uncompyle6 xxx.pyc>xxx.py
如:uncompyle6 .\pycfile_tmp\main.pyc
# uncompyle6 version 3.9.0
# Python bytecode version base 3.9.0 (3425)
# Decompiled from: Python 3.9.13 (tags/v3.9.13:6de2ca5, May 17 2022, 16:36:42) [MSC v.1929 64 bit (AMD64)]
# Embedded file name: main.py
Unsupported Python version, 3.9.0, for decompilation
# Unsupported bytecode in file .\pycfile_tmp\main.pyc
# Unsupported Python version, 3.9.0, for decompilation
3.9.0
版本,uncompyle6
不再支持 decompilation
,有兴趣的朋友可以去试试。PYZ-00.pyz_extracted
文件为空.exe
文件 Python
版本和解压包时使用的版本不一致,比如我使用 Python 2.7
进行解包:>Python .\pyinstxtractor.py .\main.exe
[*] Processing .\main.exe
[*] Pyinstaller version: 2.1+
[*] Python version: 312
[*] Length of package: 7675728 bytes
[*] Found 60 files in CArchive
[*] Beginning extraction...please standby
[!] Warning: The script is running in a different python version than the one used to build the executable
Run this script in Python312 to prevent extraction errors(if any) during unmarshalling
[!] Unmarshalling FAILED. Cannot extract PYZ-00.pyz. Extracting remaining files.
[*] Successfully extracted pyinstaller archive: .\main.exe
You can now use a python decompiler on the pyc files within the extracted directory
# 查看解压后的文件
\print-student\main.exe_extracted\PYZ-00.pyz_extracted> ls
\print-student\main.exe_extracted\PYZ-00.pyz_extracted>
--key
参数来进行加密,例如: pyinstaller --onefile -p venv/Lib/site-packages .\print-student\main.py --key '1234'
.pyc.encrypted
,无法正常反编译。Bytecode encryption was removed in PyInstaller v6.0. Please remove your --key=xxx argument. For the rationale and alternatives see https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/pull/6999
PyInstaller v6.0
加密参数已经被废弃,大家可以思考一下原因。Python
可执行文件可以帮助我们理解程序的工作原理和逻辑,但在实践中可能会受到许多因素的限制。对于复杂的程序,反编译可能只是了解其工作原理的第一步,可能需要进一步的分析和研究。最后,我们需要明白技术没有好坏,需要谨守道德和法律的底线。Copyright © 2003-2013 www.wpsshop.cn 版权所有,并保留所有权利。