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网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
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不知道nohup啥意思的自己搜索下 ## 配置文件 上游elasticsearch文档 https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/7.10/plugins-inputs-elasticsearch.html 下游elasticsearch文档 https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/7.10/plugins-outputs-elasticsearch.html 查看文档一顿吭哧吭哧配置文件写好了
input {
elasticsearch {
hosts => “http://es1.es.com:80”
index => “xxx”
user => “elastic”
password => “XXX”
query => ‘{ “query”: { “query_string”: { “query”: “*” } } }’
size => 2000
scroll => “10m”
docinfo => true
}
}
output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => “http://es2.es.com:80”
index => “xxx”
user => “elastic”
password => “XXX”
document_id => “%{[@metadata][_id]}”
}
}
是不是很简单?当然这个从一个ES级群迁移数据到两一个ES集群的事情虽然不难,其实还是会遇到一些问题的。
## 遇到的问题
### 文档中指定了routing
你直接用上面的配置文件硬怼,就会遇到如下的告警日志
[2024-03-04T10:56:51,751][WARN ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch][[main]>worker6][main][b7552c5d93f7de321e4e8f1e6da7bf8ec4696e8dff2bb087018235182d1f7fe2] Could not index event to Elasticsearch. {:status=>400, :action=>[“index”, {:_id=>“ded5349e62e678cbf222560e5da90a47”, :_index=>“xxx”, :routing=>nil, :_type=>“_doc”}, #LogStash::Event:0x5d3bdb61], :response=>{“index”=>{“_index”=>“xxx”, “_type”=>“_doc”, “_id”=>“ded5349e62e678cbf222560e5da90a47”, “status”=>400, “error”=>{“type”=>“routing_missing_exception”, “reason”=>“routing is required for [xxx]/[_doc]/[ded5349e62e678cbf222560e5da90a47]”, “index_uuid”=>“na”, “index”=>“xxx”}}}}
[2024-03-04T10:56:51,751][WARN ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch][[main]>worker8][main][b7552c5d93f7de321e4e8f1e6da7bf8ec4696e8dff2bb087018235182d1f7fe2] Could not index event to Elasticsearch. {:status=>400, :action=>[“index”, {:_id=>“1181a16445b0069dc824fdde48454b57”, :_index=>“xxx”, :routing=>nil, :_type=>“_doc”}, #LogStash::Event:0x5a1ba4d6], :response=>{“index”=>{“_index”=>“xxx”, “_type”=>“_doc”, “_id”=>“1181a16445b0069dc824fdde48454b57”, “status”=>400, “error”=>{“type”=>“routing_missing_exception”, “reason”=>“routing is required for [xxx]/[_doc]/[1181a16445b0069dc824fdde48454b57]”, “index_uuid”=>“na”, “index”=>“xxx”}}}}
啥情况?
{“type”=>“routing_missing_exception”, “reason”=>“routing is required for [xxx]/[_doc]/[ded5349e62e678cbf222560e5da90a47]”, “index_uuid”=>“na”, “index”=>“xxx”}}}
原来是没有指定routing字段
我们来看下索引信息
{
“xxx” : {
“aliases” : { },
“mappings” : {
“_routing” : {
“required” : true
},
“properties” : {
}
},
"settings" : {
}
}
}
原来如此,需要指定routing,配置文件一通改,就变成了下面的模样
input { elasticsearch { hosts => "http://es1.es.com:80" index => "xxx" user => "elastic" password => "XXX" query => '{ "query": { "query_string": { "query": "*" } } }' size => 2000 scroll => "1m" docinfo => true # input中添加routing docinfo_fields => ["_index", "_id", "_type", "_routing"] } } output { elasticsearch { hosts => "http://es2.es.com:80" index => "xxx" user => "elastic" password => "XXX" document_id => "%{[@metadata][_id]}" # 指定routing routing => "%{[@metadata][_routing]}" } }
那么问题来了,如果你所有的索引都用这个模板,那么当上游没有指定routing字段的时候,下游的数据中的routing字段就会是`[@metadata][_routing]`,真的是人都麻了,这个logstash组件一段都不智能,那么这个问题能解决吗?别急,看到最后你就知道了
### 索引严格模式,无法写入@timestamp和@version字段
上面的问题解决了,跑着跑着,又遇到事了
[2024-03-04T11:43:48,372][WARN ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch][[main]>worker0][main][23eda3c9518e4ba5a787adadf9714d5512c8ad9a9754020744b84ca81fe1bedc] Could not index event to Elasticsearch. {:status=>400, :action=>[“index”, {:_id=>“110109711637125402”, :_index=>“xxx”, :routing=>nil, :_type=>“_doc”}, #LogStash::Event:0x5e156236], :response=>{“index”=>{“_index”=>“xxx”, “_type”=>“_doc”, “_id”=>“110109711637125402”, “status”=>400, “error”=>{“type”=>“strict_dynamic_mapping_exception”, “reason”=>“mapping set to strict, dynamic introduction of [@timestamp] within [_doc] is not allowed”}}}}
[2024-03-04T11:43:48,372][WARN ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch][[main]>worker0][main][23eda3c9518e4ba5a787adadf9714d5512c8ad9a9754020744b84ca81fe1bedc] Could not index event to Elasticsearch. {:status=>400, :action=>[“index”, {:_id=>“110109711960916147”, :_index=>“xxx”, :routing=>nil, :_type=>“_doc”}, #LogStash::Event:0x75333e01], :response=>{“index”=>{“_index”=>“xxx”, “_type”=>“_doc”, “_id”=>“110109711960916147”, “status”=>400, “error”=>{“type”=>“strict_dynamic_mapping_exception”, “reason”=>“mapping set to strict, dynamic introduction of [@timestamp] within [_doc] is not allowed”}}}}
[2024-03-04T11:43:48,372][WARN ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch][[main]>worker0][main][23eda3c9518e4ba5a787adadf9714d5512c8ad9a9754020744b84ca81fe1bedc] Could not index event to Elasticsearch. {:status=>400, :action=>[“index”, {:_id=>“110109712328692950”, :_index=>“xxx”, :routing=>nil, :_type=>“_doc”}, #LogStash::Event:0x7405cd45], :response=>{“index”=>{“_index”=>“xxx”, “_type”=>“_doc”, “_id”=>“110109712328692950”, “status”=>400, “error”=>{“type”=>“strict_dynamic_mapping_exception”, “reason”=>“mapping set to strict, dynamic introduction of [@timestamp] within [_doc] is not allowed”}}}}
看下索引结构
{
“xxx” : {
“aliases” : { },
“mappings” : {
“dynamic” : “strict”,
“properties” : {
}
},
“settings” : {
“index” : {
}
}
}
}
原来是索引设置了,严格模式,不允许插入新的字段,那咋整?
还有logstash支持一些filter可以删除掉一些字段,那么我们安排上
input {
elasticsearch {
hosts => “http://es1.es.com:80”
index => “merchant_order_rel_pro_v2”
user => “elastic”
password => “XXX”
query => ‘{ “query”: { “query_string”: { “query”: “*” } } }’
size => 2000
scroll => “1m”
docinfo => true
}
}
filter {
mutate {
# 删除logstash多余字段
remove_field => [“@version”,“@timestamp”]
}
}
output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => “http://es2.es.com:80”
index => “xxx”
user => “elastic”
password => “XXX”
document_id => “%{[@metadata][_id]}”
}
}
### logstash限流 有的时候写入的太快了,下游扛不住,刚开始是通过修改参数来解决,但是每次修改任务都要重新跑,人有点麻了 网上找了一通也没见到logstash有限流插件 发现可以调用本地ruby脚本,不会ruby让gpt生成了一个令牌桶算法的脚本,但是限流效果一言难尽,只能说能限流,但是数字不是你想要的值。 没办法了只好研究下怎么编写插件,结果gradle功底太差了,源码编译不过彻底麻了 最后没办法,自己写了个java版本的基于guava的RateLimiter实现的限流插件打成jar包直接放进去解决了该问题 https://github.com/valsong/logstash-java-rate-limiter #### logstash-java-rate-limiter使用方法 使用方法也很简单,将我编写的插件的jar放到目录`logstash/logstash-core/lib/jars/`中即可 * 参数 | param | type | required | 默认值 | 样例 | desc | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | rate\_path | string | no | 无 | /usr/share/logstash/rate.txt | 从该文件中读取第一行作为限流值,你可以随时修改这个文件中的限流值 | | count\_path | string | no | 无 | /usr/share/logstash/count.txt | 记录已经同步的事件的数量到该文件中 | | count\_log\_delay\_sec | long | no | 30 | 30 | 根据设置的秒数以固定间隔在logstash的日志中打印事件数量 | * 在文件中设置限流值
echo 5000 > /usr/share/logstash/rate.txt
* 添加一个filter叫`java_rate_limit`到任务的配置文件中
input {
elasticsearch {
hosts => “http://xxx-es.xxx.com:9200”
index => “xxx”
user => “elastic”
password => “XXXX”
query => ‘{ “query”: { “query_string”: { “query”: “*” } } }’
size => 2000
scroll => “10m”
docinfo => true
# docinfo_fields => [“_index”, “_id”, “_type”, “_routing”]
}
}
网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!
img-ZNqSgMWC-1715600083445)]
[外链图片转存中…(img-dScJs60j-1715600083445)]
网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!
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